Search results for "PTEN"
showing 10 items of 211 documents
Passive sinking into the snow as possible survival strategy during the off-host stage in an insect ectoparasite
2015
Abiotic and biotic factors determine success or failure of individual organisms, populations and species. The early life stages are often the most vulnerable to heavy mortality due to environmental conditions. The deer ked (Lipoptena cervi Linnaeus, 1758) is an invasive insect ectoparasite of cervids that spends an important period of the life cycle outside host as immobile pupa. During winter, dark-coloured pupae drop off the host onto the snow, where they are exposed to environmental temperature variation and predation as long as the new snowfall provides shelter against these mortality factors. The other possible option is to passively sink into the snow, which is aided by morphology of …
Structure-immunogenicity relationship of kresoxim-methyl regioisomeric haptens
2013
Kresoxim-methyl was one of the two first strobilurins to be discovered, and nowadays it is widely used as an antifungal agent in crop protection. Because of its low molecular weight and negligible structural complexity, the generation of antibodies to kresoxim-methyl noticeably requires the preparation of functionalized haptens. In this study, the introduction of a hydrocarbon spacer arm at the aromatic moieties of the target molecule was carried out by a convergent strategy based on the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction, and functionalized linkers of the same length were also tethered to the aliphatic toxophore group by the O-alkylation reaction. Evaluation of the immune response, in ter…
GSK-3 as potential target for therapeutic intervention in cancer
2014
// James A. McCubrey 1 , Linda S. Steelman 1 , Fred E. Bertrand 2 , Nicole M. Davis 1 , Melissa Sokolosky 1 , Steve L. Abrams 1 , Giuseppe Montalto 3 , Antonino B. D’Assoro 4 , Massimo Libra 5 , Ferdinando Nicoletti 5 , Roberta Maestro 6 , Jorg Basecke 7,8 , Dariusz Rakus 9 , Agnieszka Gizak 9 Zoya Demidenko 10 , Lucio Cocco 11 , Alberto M. Martelli 11 and Melchiorre Cervello 12 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA 2 Department of Oncology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville, NC, USA 3 Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy …
Comparison of an indirect format ELISA on modified graphite and polystyrene surfaces against triazines.
2006
An indirect format enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) on graphite rods (Ø 0.8 mm x 20 mm) and, for comparison, on microtiter plates has been developed against terbuthylazine. For this purpose, a series of 2-aminoalkyl-4-chloro-6-terbuthyl-s-triazine-2,6- diamine ELISA haptens with alkyl spacer lengths of 2, 4, 6, and 8 CH2 groups has been synthesized. The graphite rods or the microtiter plates were covered by a polymerized glutaraldehyde network, and the ELISA haptens have been coupled by imino coupling to the free aldehyde groups of that network. ε-Aminocaproic acid has been used as an agent to block unspecific binding sites. The ELISA was run in a competitive mode, where the immob…
Development of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for boscalid determination in fruit juices
2012
Abstract Boscalid is a modern, broad-spectrum carboxamide pesticide highly efficient against most fungal diseases affecting valuable crops. In this study, a boscalid-mimicking derivative with a six-carbon spacer arm replacing the chlorine atom at the pyridine ring of the target molecule was synthesized and coupled to carrier proteins. Following rabbit immunization, antibodies against this agrochemical were obtained for the first time, and they were characterised in terms of affinity and specificity, tolerance to solvents, and robustness to changes in buffer pH and ionic strength, using two assay formats. Both of the optimised immunoassays showed limits of detection below 0.1 μg/L. Moreover,…
The use of metallocenic esters of n-hydroxysuccinimide for metallohapten synthesis
1991
Different organometallic markers have been described in a new technique for the labelling of many drugs. Thus metallocenic esters of [M = (;CO)3CrC6H5; (;CO)3CrC6H5(;CH2)3; η-C5H5FeC5H4; (;CO)3MnηC5H4; (;CO)3MnηC5H4COCH2CH2; ηC5H4(;ηC5H5)Co+PF−6] react with primary or secondary amine drugs [DRUGNHR] for a psychostimulant drug: amphetamine; tricyclic antidepressants—desipramine and nortriptyline; a vasodilator—histamine; an adrenergic substance—norfenefrine; and for a central stimulant—meth-amphetamine, to give the metallohaptens MCON(;R)—DRUG. All these compounds have been fully characterized by different analytical methods and have potentialities for biological assays. This synthetic route…
Hemocyanin from the keyhole limpetMegathura crenulata(KLH) carries a novel type of N-glycans with Gal(β1-6)Man-motifs
2002
Keyhole limpet (Megathura crenulata) hemocyanin (KLH), an extracellular respiratory protein, is widely used as hapten carrier and immune stimulant. Although it is generally accepted that the sugar constituents of this glycoprotein are likely to be implicated in the antigenicity and biomedical properties of KLH, knowledge of its carbohydrate structure is still limited. Therefore, we have investigated the N-linked oligosaccharides of KLH. Glycan chains were enzymatically liberated from tryptic glycopeptides, pyridylaminated and separated by two-dimensional HPLC. Only neutral oligosaccharides were obtained and characterized by carbohydrate constituent and methylation analyses, MALDI-TOF-MS, ES…
Desarrollo de métodos inmunoquímicos para el análisis en alimentos de fungicidas inhibidores de la succinato deshidrogenasa
2017
El uso de plaguicidas constituye una forma eficaz y hoy por hoy necesaria para combatir gran parte de las plagas que afectan a los cultivos agrícolas. Sin embargo, su uso puede dar lugar a la aparición de residuos en los alimentos que llegan al consumidor, lo que puede derivar en un problema de seguridad alimentaria. Por ello, es necesario el desarrollo de métodos analíticos altamente sensibles y selectivos para la monitorización de dichos residuos, que permitan la detección de concentraciones lo más bajas posibles. En este contexto, en esta Tesis Doctoral se ha abordado el desarrollo de métodos inmunoquímicos de elevada sensibilidad y selectividad para el análisis en muestras de alimentos …
Estrategias alternativas para la bioconjugación de ocratoxina A y su aplicación en inmunodiagnóstico alimentario
2020
Ocratoxina A (OTA) es un metabolito secundario producido por hongos del género Aspergillus y Penicillium. Esta micotoxina puede encontrarse en una gran variedad de alimentos, entre los que se encuentran cereales, café o vino. OTA es un potente carcinógeno en roedores, motivo por el que se encuentra clasificado en el grupo 2B (posible carcinógeno para humanos) por la Agencia Internacional de Investigación sobre el Cáncer. Con el objetivo de reducir la exposición de los consumidores a esta micotoxina, la Comisión Europea ha establecido concentraciones máximas en varias matrices alimentarias, siendo este límite de 2 µg/L en el caso de vino y zumo de uva. Entre las diferentes técnicas analítica…