Search results for "PTO"

showing 10 items of 28599 documents

Hole localization in thermoelectric half-Heusler (Zr0.5Hf0.5)Co(Sb1−xSn ) thin films

2019

Abstract The (Ti, Zr, Hf)Co(Sb 1 − x Snx) material class has recently come into focus as an attractive p-type high-temperature thermoelectric material. This study experimentally demonstrates that homogeneous, highly textured (Zr0.5Hf0.5)Co(Sb 1 − x Snx) thin films can be grown on single crystalline MgO. By varying the sputter power, samples with both positive and negative Seebeck coefficient can be grown. The underlying reason for the sign change is the segregation of Sn nano-inclusions, which lower the effective doping of the half-Heusler matrix. Similarly the Hall constant also switches sign at low temperatures, which is modeled assuming semi-metal behavior and low temperature hole locali…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsDopingMetals and Alloys02 engineering and technologySurfaces and Interfaces021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermoelectric materials01 natural sciencesAcceptorSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSputteringElectrical resistivity and conductivitySeebeck coefficient0103 physical sciencesThermoelectric effectMaterials ChemistryThin film0210 nano-technologyThin Solid Films
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Magneto-optical properties of two-layer film systems based on Fe and Cr

2020

The results of the investigation of two-layer Fe/Cr systems using the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) are presented in this paper. The samples were obtained by thermal evaporation in a vacuum with a thickness of individual layers from 2 nm to 50 nm. It was found that the presence of the Cr layer significantly affects the values of the coercivity and the Kerr angle. At a substrate temperature of 450 K, the value of the coercivity is almost half that of the same sample obtained at room temperature of the substrate. In addition, the influence of the order of deposition of layers, as well as the effect of a thin gold protective layer on the parameters measured by the Kerr method, is shown. …

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceKerr effectSpintronicsbusiness.industryTwo layerStatistical and Nonlinear Physics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesMagneto optical0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsThin film0210 nano-technologybusinessInternational Journal of Modern Physics B
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Dielectric breakdown of fast switching LCD shutters

2017

Fast liquid crystal optical shutters due to fast switching, vibrationless control and optical properties have found various applications: substitutes for mechanical shutters, 3D active shutter glasses, 3D volumetric displays and more. Switching speed depends not only on properties of liquid crystal, but also on applied electric field intensity. Applied field in the shutters can exceed >10 V/micron which may lead to dielectric breakdown. Therefore, a dielectric thin film is needed between transparent conductive electrodes in order to reduce breakdown probability. In this work we have compared electrical and optical properties of liquid crystal displays with dielectric thin films with thickne…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceLiquid-crystal displayDielectric strengthbusiness.industryHigh voltageSputter deposition01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsSwitching timeOpticsOptical coatinglawLiquid crystal0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsThin filmbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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How Gettering Affects the Temperature Sensitivity of the Implied Open Circuit Voltage of Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers

2019

The temperature sensitivity of the open circuit voltage of a solar cell is mainly driven by changes in the intrinsic carrier concentration, but also by the temperature dependence of the limiting recombination mechanisms in the cell. This paper investigates the influence of recombination through metallic impurities on the temperature sensitivity of multicrystalline silicon wafers. Spatially resolved temperature dependent analysis is performed to evaluate the temperature sensitivity of wafers from different brick positions before and after being subjected to phosphorus diffusion gettering. Local spatial analysis is performed on intra-grain areas, dislocation clusters and grain boundaries. Lar…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceOpen-circuit voltagebusiness.industry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionGetterlaw0103 physical sciencesSolar cellOptoelectronicsGrain boundaryWaferSensitivity (control systems)Dislocation0210 nano-technologybusinessRecombination2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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Luminescence properties of chlorine molecules in glassy SiO 2 and optical fibre waveguides

2017

The support from Latvian Research Program IMIS 2, project “Photonics and materials for photonics” is acknowledged. K.K. was partially supported by the Collaborative Research Project of Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology. The publication costs of this article were covered by the Estonian Academy of Sciences and the University of Tartu.

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceOptical fiberbusiness.industryGeneral Engineeringphotonicschemistry.chemical_elementoptical fibresamorphous SiO202 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionCl2 impuritieschemistrylaw0103 physical sciencesChlorineluminescence:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]MoleculeOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologyLuminescencebusinessProceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences
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Time-resolved pulsed OSL of ceramic YAP:Mn phosphors

2019

The paper deals with the results of comparative study on time-resolved pulsed optically stimulated luminescence (TR-OSL) response of ceramic YAP:Mn materials prepared by different methods. In parti...

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceOptically stimulated luminescencebusiness.industryPhosphor02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsControl and Systems Engineeringvisual_art0103 physical sciencesThermoluminescent DosimetryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumOptoelectronicsCeramicElectrical and Electronic Engineering0210 nano-technologybusinessIntegrated Ferroelectrics
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Study of the P3HT/PCBM interface using photoemission yield spectroscopy

2016

Photogeneration efficiency and charge carrier extraction from active layer are the parameters that determine the efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Devices made of organic materials often consist of thin (up to 100nm) layers. At this thickness different interface effects become more pronounced. The electron affinity and ionization energy shift can affect the charge carrier transport across metal-organic interface which can affect the performance of the entire device. In the case of multilayer OPVs, energy level compatibility at the organic-organic interface is as important. Photoemission yield spectroscopy was used for organic-organic interface study by ionization energy measuremen…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceOrganic solar cellbusiness.industry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesActive layerElectron affinityIonization0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsCharge carrierThin filmIonization energy0210 nano-technologybusinessSpectroscopySPIE Proceedings
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Outstanding nonlinear optical properties of methylammonium- and Cs-PbX3 (X = Br, I, and Br–I) perovskites: Polycrystalline thin films and nanoparticl…

2019

Metal Halide Perovskites (MHPs) have arisen as promising materials to construct cost-effective photovoltaic and light emission devices. The study of nonlinear optical properties of MHPs is necessary to get similar success in nonlinear photonic devices, which is practically absent in the literature. The determination of the third order nonlinear coefficients is typically done by the Z-scan technique, which is limited by the scattering of polycrystalline thin films. In this work, we have studied nonlinear optical properties of polycrystalline CH3NH3PbX3 (MAPbX3) thin films and colloidal CsPbX3 nanoparticles with three different bandgaps (X3 = I3, Br3, and Br1.5I1.5). Their bright generation o…

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencePhotoluminescenceInfraredbusiness.industryScatteringBand gaplcsh:BiotechnologyGeneral Engineering02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences7. Clean energylcsh:QC1-999lcsh:TP248.13-248.650103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials ScienceLight emissionPhotonicsThin film0210 nano-technologybusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)lcsh:PhysicsAPL Materials
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Assembly of microparticles by optical trapping with a photonic crystal nanocavity

2012

International audience; In this work, we report the auto-assembly experiments of micrometer sized particles by optical trapping in the evanescent field of a photonic crystal nanocavity. The nanocavity is inserted inside an optofluidic cell designed to enable the real time control of the nanoresonator transmittance as well as the real time visualization of the particles motion in the vicinity of the nanocavity. It is demonstrated that the optical trap above the cavity enables the assembly of multiple particles in respect of different stable conformations.

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industryNanophotonicsPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMicrometreResonatorRESONATORSOpticsRadiation pressureOptical tweezers0103 physical sciencesTransmittanceOptoelectronicsSelf-assembly0210 nano-technologybusinessPhotonic crystal
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2019

We systematically study the pump-wavelength dependence of terahertz pulse generation in thin-film spintronic THz emitters composed of a ferromagnetic CoFeB layer between adjacent nonmagnetic W and Pt layers. We find that the efficiency of THz generation is essentially flat for excitation by 150 fs pulses with center wavelengths ranging from 900 to 1500 nm, demonstrating that the spin current does not depend strongly on the pump photon energy. We show that the inclusion of dielectric overlayers of TiO2 and SiO2, designed for a particular excitation wavelength, can enhance the terahertz emission by a factor of up to two in field.

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)SpintronicsField (physics)business.industryTerahertz radiationPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyDielectricPhoton energy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceWavelengthFerromagnetism0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessExcitationApplied Physics Letters
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