Search results for "PULSES"

showing 10 items of 55 documents

Optogenetically blocking sharp wave ripple events in sleep does not interfere with the formation of stable spatial representation in the CA1 area of …

2016

During hippocampal sharp wave/ripple (SWR) events, previously occurring, sensory inputdriven neuronal firing patterns are replayed. Such replay is thought to be important for plasticity-related processes and consolidation of memory traces. It has previously been shown that the electrical stimulation-induced disruption of SWR events interferes with learning in rodents in different experimental paradigms. On the other hand, the cognitive map theory posits that the plastic changes of the firing of hippocampal place cells constitute the electrophysiological counterpart of the spatial learning, observable at the behavioral level. Therefore, we tested whether intact SWR events occurring during th…

LightPhysiologylcsh:MedicineHippocampusTetrodesMiceAnimal Cells571 PhysiologyMedicine and Health Scienceslcsh:ScienceNeuronsLight PulsesBrain MappingNeuronal PlasticityPyramidal CellsPhysicsElectromagnetic RadiationBrainLaboratory EquipmentSignal Filteringsharp wave ripple eventesBioassays and Physiological AnalysisOptical EquipmentVacuum ApparatusPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologyFemaleCellular TypesAnatomyResearch ArticleGanglion CellsArchaeal ProteinsSpatial LearningEquipmentResearch and Analysis Methodsuni (lepotila)AnimalshippokampusCA1 Region HippocampalLaserslcsh:RCorrectionBiology and Life SciencesNeurophysiological AnalysisCell BiologyBrain WavesMice Inbred C57BLOptogeneticsCellular NeuroscienceSignal ProcessingExploratory Behavior570 Life sciences; biologylcsh:QPhysiological ProcessesSleepNeuroscience
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Modulating the polarization of broadband terahertz pulses from a spintronic emitter at rates up to 10 kHz

2021

Reliable modulation of terahertz electromagnetic waveforms is important for many applications. Here, we rapidly modulate the direction of the electric field of linearly polarized terahertz electromagnetic pulses with 1–30 THz bandwidth by applying time-dependent magnetic fields to a spintronic terahertz emitter. Polarity modulation of the terahertz field with more than 99% contrast at a rate of 10 kHz is achieved using a harmonic magnetic field. By adding a static magnetic field, we modulate the direction of the terahertz field between angles of, for instance, −53° and 53° at kilohertz rates. We believe our approach makes spintronic terahertz emitters a promising source for low-noise modula…

Materials science530 PhysicsSpatial light modulatorsTerahertz radiationPhysics::OpticsLow-noise modulation spectroscopy02 engineering and technologyNonlinear optical crystals01 natural sciencesspintronic terahertz emittersElectric field5390103 physical sciencesElectromagnetic pulse010302 applied physics500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne PhysikCondensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industryLinear polarizationNonlinear spectroscopyBroadband terahertz pulses530 Physik021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)MagnetostaticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldModulationOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessModulation spectroscopyOptica
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Dispersion managed self-similar parabolic pulses

2008

International audience; We describe the propagation of a parabolic self-similar pulse in an anomalous dispersive nonlinear fibre. Given the capacity of a linearly chirped parabolic pulse to retain its typical shape over a short propagation distance, we introduce the concept of dispersion managed self-similar pulses and outline potential benefits in terms of spectral broadening enhancement.

Materials scienceOptical fiber02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslawOptical materials0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Parabolic pulsesbusiness.industryNonlinear fibreAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPulse propagationPulse (physics)Nonlinear systemDispersion managedNonlinear propagationbusinessBandwidth-limited pulseDoppler broadeningJournal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics
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Optimal control design of preparation pulses for contrast optimization in MRI

2017

Abstract This work investigates the use of MRI radio-frequency (RF) pulses designed within the framework of optimal control theory for image contrast optimization. The magnetization evolution is modeled with Bloch equations, which defines a dynamic system that can be controlled via the application of the Pontryagin Maximum Principle (PMP). This framework allows the computation of optimal RF pulses that bring the magnetization to a given state to obtain the desired contrast after acquisition. Creating contrast through the optimal manipulation of Bloch equations is a new way of handling contrast in MRI, which can explore the theoretical limits of the system. Simulation experiments carried out…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsComputer science[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/ImagingComputationRF pulsesBiophysics010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesMagnetizationMice0302 clinical medicineOpticsRobustness (computer science)Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedImage Processing Computer-AssistedAnimalsComputer SimulationGray MatterMuscle Skeletal[ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imagingbusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingContrast (statistics)BrainReproducibility of ResultsContrastCondensed Matter PhysicsOptimal controlImage EnhancementBloch equationsMagnetic Resonance ImagingWhite Matter0104 chemical sciencesWeightingRatsOptimal control[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectromagnetismOptimal control designBloch equations[ SPI.ELEC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectromagnetismFemalebusinessAlgorithmAlgorithms
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Regenerative 40 Gbit/s wavelength converter based on similariton generation.

2005

International audience; We present an all-optical regeneration technique based on spectral filtering of self-similar parabolic pulses (similaritons). In particular, we demonstrate numerically and experimentally that ghost pulses, which occur in the zero bit slots of telecommunication pulse trains, can be effectively suppressed. These results are obtained with a 40 Gbit/s pulse train.

Optical communicationAmplification02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOptical-fibersPulse waveSelf-phase modulationPhysicsOptical amplifier[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryCross-phase modulationSelf-similar propagationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPulse (physics)Phase modulationPulse compressionParabolic PulsesbusinessPhase modulationOptics letters
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'SMART laser', Development of laser sources integrating an optimized functioning via a process of learning

2022

Ost commercially available mode-blocking lasers provide a unique pulse regime to the user, driven only by a simple switch. To solve certain problems, it would be advantageous to increase the possibilities of pulse adjustment in many areas of application, from micro-machining to wavelength conversion. One way to increase the degrees of freedom of a laser cavity is to incorporate into it a saturable absorbant with adjustable parameters, as with non-linear polarization evolution devices (NPEs). The absence of an analytical relationship between the adjustable cavity parameters and the characteristics of a generated pulse can be circumvented by the use of scalable algorithms, well suited to mult…

OptimizationFibre[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]LaserAlgorithme d'évolutionOptimisationFiberImpulsions ultracourtesGenetic algorithmsUltrashort pulses
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Evolutionary algorithm for fiber laser in ultrashort pulse regime

2016

This thesis deals with the generation of ultrashort pulses within a fiber laser cavity through the automatic optimization of its parameters by an evolutionary algorithm. The interest of this subject comes from the difficulty to systematically explore dynamics in a large domain of experimental parameters. We have shown that it is possible to implement an evolutionary algorithm on fiber laser cavity with appropriate precautions. We have experimentally demonstrated for the first time the mode locking of a laser cavity only using the optimization of polarization controllers through an automatic and self-learning procedure. We also have demonstrated that selecting the mode locking from it radio-…

OptimizationSoliton dissipatif[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Stratégie d’évolutionAlgorithme d’évolutionFiber laser cavityOptique non-linéaireDissipative solitonEvolutionary algorithmEvolution strategyCavité laser à fibre optiqueOptimisationMulti-pulses dynamicNon linear opticsDynamique multi-impulsionnelleRotation non-linéaire de la polarisationNon linear evolution of polarization
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Chronic neuropathic facial pain after intense pulsed light hair removal. Clinical features and pharmacological management

2015

Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) photodepilation is usually performed as a hair removal method. The treatment is recommended to be indicated by a physician, depending on each patient and on its characteristics. However, the use of laser devices by medical laypersons is frequent and it can suppose a risk of damage for the patients. Most side effects associated to IPL photodepilation are transient, minimal and disappear without sequelae. However, permanent side effects can occur. Some of the complications are laser related but many of them are caused by an operator error or mismanagement. In this work, we report a clinical case of a patient that developed a chronic neuropathic facial pain following…

Orofacial pain- TMJDmedicine.medical_specialtyDolor facialmedicine.medical_treatmentPharmacological managementFacial painCase ReportChronic painOdontologíaIntense pulsed lightUltrashort laser pulsesLàsers d'impulsos ultracurtsHair removalMedicineFacial painGeneral Dentistrybusiness.industryUpper lipUnwanted hair:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]DermatologyDolor crònicCiencias de la saludSurgeryUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASClinical casesense organsbusinessPulse light
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Robust quantum control by a single-shot shaped pulse

2013

Considering the problem of the control of a two-state quantum system by an external field, we establish a general and versatile method allowing the derivation of smooth pulses which feature the properties of high fidelity, robustness, and low area. Such shaped pulses can be interpreted as a single-shot generalization of the composite pulse-sequence technique with a time-dependent phase.

PhysicsAtomsLimitsSingle shotInversionGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum controlLaserMoleculesLaserTopology01 natural sciencesNMR010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionComposite pulsesHigh fidelitylaw0103 physical sciencesQuantum systemExternal fieldInduced population transfer010306 general physicsBroad band excitation
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Interference Effects in Photodetachment of F- in a Strong Circularly Polarized Laser Pulse

2007

A numerical simulation of photodetachment of F{sup -} by a circularly polarized laser pulse has been accomplished by using a Keldysh-type approach. The numerical results are in agreement with measurements of photoelectron energy spectra recently reported in the literature. The features exhibited by the spectra are traced back to quantum interference effects, in the same spirit as in a double-slit experiment in the time doma0008.

PhysicsComputer simulationComputer simulation Laser pulses Measurement theory Numerical methods Time domain analysisNumerical analysisInterference (wave propagation)LaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaPulse (physics)law.inventionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopylawPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsEnergy (signal processing)
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