Search results for "Pact"
showing 10 items of 2355 documents
The evolution of the European Union law on the criminalization of humanitarian assistance to irregular migrants: From the council directive 2002/90/C…
2021
With the new Pact on Migration and Asylum, the European Commission published the Guidance C(2020) 6470 of 23 September 2020 on the implementation of EU rules on definition and prevention of the facilitation of unauthorised entry, transit and residence. The present contribution shows as this guidance proposes an interpretation of the article 1 of the Council Directive 2002/90/CE, which only partially meets the problem of the criminalization of humanitarian assistance to irregular migrants, since it has shortcomings both at material and at formal level. After an analysis concerning the guidance capacity to impact on the Court of Justice and national judges case-law, the article ends with some…
Highly siderophile elements (Re, Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pd, Au) in impact melts from three European impact craters (Sääksjärvi, Mien, and Dellen): Clues to …
1997
Twenty-two large (10 g) impact melt samples from three Scandinavian craters (i.e., Saaksjarvi, Finland; and Mien and Dellen, Sweden) were analyzed for highly siderophile elements (HSE: platinum group elements, Rh, and Au) by the nickel sulfide technique in combination with neutron activation. The ten impact melt samples from Saaksjarvi are enriched in Ir and other highly siderophile elements (Ir = 2.48 ± 0.73 ng/g) relative to average upper crust concentrations (0.03 ± 0.02 ng/g Ir). The twelve Dellen and Mien samples are marginally enriched in Ir (0.48 ± 0.23 ng/g for Dellen, and 0.37 ± 0.23 ng/g for Mien). The amount of meteoritic component corresponds to 0.5% of a nominal CI component fo…
Clues to the nature of the impacting bodies from platinum-group elements (rhenium and gold) in borehole samples from the Clearwater East crater (Cana…
1997
— Seven large (10 g) impact melt rock samples from boreholes from the Boltysh impact crater (Ukraine) and six samples from the East Clearwater crater (Canada) were analyzed for Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Pd, Re and Au by the nickel sulfide technique in combination with neutron activation. Earlier analyses of Clearwater East impact melt rocks have shown that they are strongly enriched in Ir, Os, Pd and Re. In this work, I confirm earlier findings and demonstrate similarly high enrichments of Rh and Ru. The average Os/Ir, Ru/Ir, Pd/Ir, Rh/Ir and Ru/Rh ratios of the melt rock samples from Clearwater East are CI-chondritic and yield an average Ir content of 25.2 ± 6.5 ng/g relative to an average upper cru…
Nitric Oxide Modulation of the Dopaminergic Nigrostriatal System: Focus on Nicotine Action
2009
Nitric oxide (NO) signalling plays an important role in the integration of information processed by the basal ganglia nuclei. Accordingly, considerable evidence has emerged indicating a role for NO in pathophysiological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), schizophrenia and drug addiction. To further investigate the NO modulation of dopaminergic function in the basal ganglia circuitry, in this study we used in vivo electrophysiology and microdialysis in freely-moving rats. Pharmacological manipulation of the NO system did not cause any significant changes either in the basal firing rate and bursting activity of the dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) or…
Random attractors for stochastic lattice systems with non-Lipschitz nonlinearity
2011
In this article, we study the asymptotic behaviour of solutions of a first-order stochastic lattice dynamical system with an additive noise. We do not assume any Lipschitz condition on the nonlinear term, just a continuity assumption together with growth and dissipative conditions so that uniqueness of the Cauchy problem fails to be true. Using the theory of multi-valued random dynamical systems, we prove the existence of a random compact global attractor.
Homoclinic Solutions of Nonlinear Laplacian Difference Equations Without Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz Condition
2021
The aim of this paper is to establish the existence of at least two non-zero homoclinic solutions for a nonlinear Laplacian difference equation without using Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz type-conditions. The main tools are mountain pass theorem and Palais-Smale compactness condition involving suitable functionals.
Convergence of a high-order compact finite difference scheme for a nonlinear Black-Scholes equation
2004
A high-order compact finite difference scheme for a fully nonlinear parabolic differential equation is analyzed. The equation arises in the modeling of option prices in financial markets with transaction costs. It is shown that the finite difference solution converges locally uniformly to the unique viscosity solution of the continuous equation. The proof is based on a careful study of the discretization matrices and on an abstract convergence result due to Barles and Souganides.
Lacunary bifurcation for operator equations and nonlinear boundary value problems on ℝN
1991
SynopsisWe consider nonlinear eigenvalue problems of the form Lu + F(u) = λu in a real Hilbert space, where L is a positive self-adjoint linear operator and F is a nonlinearity vanishing to higher order at u = 0. We suppose that there are gaps in the essential spectrum of L and use critical point theory for strongly indefinite functionals to derive conditions for the existence of non-zero solutions for λ belonging to such a gap, and for the bifurcation of such solutions from the line of trivial solutions at the boundary points of a gap. The abstract results are applied to the L2-theory of semilinear elliptic partial differential equations on ℝN. We obtain existence results for the general c…
Morphological determination of the phototrophic community composition of biological soil crusts in coastal sand dunes in northern Germany
2022
This dataset comprises the microbial community composition of biological soil crusts in north-German sand dunes. For this we obtained enrichment cultures of phototrophic microorganisms, by placing fragments of biocrusts of the same Petri dishes as used for sequencing, in Petri dishes with Bold Basal (1N BBM) agarized medium (Bischoff and Bold 1963). Cultures were grown under standard laboratory conditions: with a 12-hour alteration of light and dark phases and irradiation of 25 μmol photons m-2 s-1 at a temperature 20 ± 5 ºС. Microscopic study of these raw cultures began in the third week of cultivation. Morphological examinations were performed using Olympus BX53 light microscope with Noma…
Catalytic processes activated by light
2010
Light-driven catalytic strategies are of great interest for the synthesis of useful products causing minimal environmental impact. Nature provides many examples of systems working in processes activated by light, and understanding them has been and, in the future, will be useful in the design of artificial catalysts.