Search results for "Pancreatic Ductal"
showing 10 items of 64 documents
Resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Role of the radiologist and oncologist in the era of precision medicine
2021
The incidence and mortality of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are growing over time. The management of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma involves a multidisciplinary team, ideally involving experts from surgery, diagnostic imaging, interventional endoscopy, medical oncology, radiation oncology, pathology, geriatric medicine, and palliative care. An adequate staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and re-assessment of the tumor after neoadjuvant therapy allows the multidisciplinary team to choose the most appropriate treatment for the patient. This review article discusses advancement in the molecular basis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, diagnostic tools available fo…
Identification of gene expression profiles in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Clinical implications
2013
Impact of phospho-Akt expression on the clinical outcome and activity of gemcitabine and Akt inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
2017
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal solid tumors. Despite extensive preclinical and clinical research, the prognosis of this disease has not significantly improved, with a 5-year survival rate around 7%. There is an urgent need to better understand the molecular pathology of PDAC in order to improve patient selection for current treatment options and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway plays a crucial role in PDAC: activation of Akt is a frequent event and has been correlated to poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Against this background, effective blockage of Akt signaling can lead to programmed cell death a…
Pharmacogenetics of treatments for pancreatic cancer
2019
Introduction: Despite clinical efforts, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis. The scarcity of effective therapies can be reflected by the lack of reliable biomarkers to adapt anticancer drugs prescription to tumors’ and patients’ features. Areas covered: Pharmacogenetics should provide the way to select patients who may benefit from a specific therapy that best matches individual and tumor genetic profile, but it has not yet led to gains in outcome. This review describes PDAC pharmacogenetics findings, critically reappraising studies on polymorphisms and -omics profiles correlated to response to gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX, and nab-paclitaxel combinations, as well as l…
Risk of pancreatic malignancy and mortality in branch-duct IPMNs undergoing surveillance: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2016
Abstract Background Safety of non-operative management for low-risk branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) is debated. Aim To perform a systematic review/meta-analysis to determine their risk of developing pancreatic malignancy and of pancreatic malignancy-related deaths. Methods A MEDLINE search was performed and methodology was based on PRISMA statement. Incidence rates of overall pancreatic malignancy, malignant BD-IPMN, IPMN-distinct PDAC, and of pancreatic malignancy-related death rates were calculated by dividing the total number of events by the total number of person-years (pyrs) of follow-up. Heterogeneity was determined by I2 statistic. Results 20 studies …
Influence of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review.
2014
Abstract Background/objectives Cachexia affects ∼80% of pancreatic cancer patients. An international consensus defines cachexia as an ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) with or without loss of fat, which impairs body functioning and cannot be reversed by conventional nutritional measures. Weight loss percentage and elevated inflammation markers have been employed to define this condition earlier. This review aimed to assess the prevalence and consequences of cachexia and sarcopenia on survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods The systematic review was performed by searching the articles with preset terms published in PubMed and Cochrane Database unti…
Systemic chemotherapy and pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): A case report of a multimodal treatment for peritoneal metastases…
2020
Highlights • Integration of PIPAC to systemic chemotherapy can have good tolerance profile. • Repeated biopsies performed during PIPAC allowed therapy-response monitoring. • Analysis of biopsies performed during PIPAC allowed tailoring of chemotherapy. • Integration of PIPAC to systemic chemotherapy can permit good quality of life.
Pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells is genetically similar to, but clinically distinct from, conventional ductal a…
2017
Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) is currently considered a morphologically and clinically distinct variant of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this study, we report clinical and pathological features of a series of 22 UCOGCs, including the whole exome sequencing of eight UCOGCs. We observed that 60% of the UCOGCs contained a well-defined epithelial component and that patients with pure UCOGC had a significantly better prognosis than did those with an UCOGC with an associated epithelial neoplasm. The genetic alterations in UCOGC are strikingly similar to those known to drive conventional PDAC, including activating mutations in the…
Discovery of the 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazine-Based Library as Selective PDK1 Inhibitors with Therapeutic Potential in Highly Aggressive Pancreatic Ductal …
2023
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are serine/threonine kinases, that are directly involved in altered cancer cell metabolism, resulting in cancer aggressiveness and resistance. Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is the first PDK inhibitor that has entered phase II clinical; however, several side effects associated with weak anticancer activity and excessive drug dose (100 mg/kg) have led to its limitation in clinical application. Building upon a molecular hybridization approach, a small library of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazine derivatives has been designed, synthesized, and characterized for their PDK inhibitory activity using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Biochemical screenings showed that …