Search results for "Paramagnetic"

showing 10 items of 600 documents

ESR response of watch glasses to neutron irradiation

2012

Abstract In this paper we report the results of the electron spin resonance (ESR) study of the radiation-induced signal of watch glasses exposed to neutrons. This work extends the series of analyses of the response of watch glasses to various radiation beams which our research group is carrying out for possible applications in retrospective dosimetry. We have considered fluences up to about 3 × 1011 cm−2. We evaluated the signal fading and we found that in the first hours after exposure the signal rapidly decreases. After about 1000 h, it decreases much more slowly. The signal was reduced by about 25% in about 5 months. The radiation induced signal is found to be linearly dependent on neutr…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariEPR Accidental dosimetry Watch glasses NeutronsRadiationSignalFluencehumanitiesSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)law.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancelawNeutron fluxDosimetryNeutronAtomic physicsNeutron irradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentation
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Radiation effects on silica-based preforms and optical fibers-II: Coupling ab initio simulations and experiments

2008

International audience; Abstract—Experimental characterization through electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and confocal luminescence microscopy (CML) of a Ge-doped glass (preform and fiber) reveals the generation of several point defects by 10 keV X-ray radiation-induced attenuation: GeE', Ge(1), Ge(2), and Ge-ODC. The generation mechanisms of Ge-ODC and charged defects like GeE' centers are studied through ab initio simulation. Our calculations used a 108 atom supercell with a glass composition comparable to the Ge-doped core or to the pure-silica cladding of the canonical sample. The large size of our cell allows us to study the influence of the local environment surrounding the X-ODC d…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceoptical fibersAb initio02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicslaw.inventionlawAb initio quantum chemistry methods0103 physical sciencesAtomElectrical and Electronic Engineeringdensity functionalElectron paramagnetic resonancetheorydefects010302 applied physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCrystallographic defectOptical fiber photosensitivity absorption luminescenceAmorphous solidBond lengthNuclear Energy and Engineeringsilicaradiation effectsAb initio calculationssilica.0210 nano-technologyLuminescence
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ENDOR Spectroscopic and Molecular Orbital Study of the Dynamical Properties of the Side Chain in Radical Anions of Ubiquinones Q-1, Q-2, Q-6, and Q-10

2000

Abstract The dynamics of the side chain of the radical anions of ubiquinones Q-1 (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[3-methyl-2-butenyl]-1,4-benzoquinone), Q-2, Q-6, and Q-10 have been investigated using electron nuclear double-resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy. When radicals are produced in the liquid phase, secondary radicals are also formed. The EPR spectra of these additional radicals overlap with the radical of interest. ENDOR spectroscopy was found to be capable for studying the dynamical properties of such conditions. The temperature dependence of the isotropic hyperfine coupling constants of the β- and γ-protons of the side chain was measured. The activation energy of the rotation and other dyn…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhase transitionZeeman effectEthanolUbiquinoneChemistryRadicalElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyBiophysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryMolecular physicslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeComputational chemistrylawSolventssymbolsSide chainMolecular orbitalProtonsSpectroscopyElectron paramagnetic resonanceBasis setJournal of Magnetic Resonance
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Generation of a 7.4 mT ESR doublet induced by γ rays in amorphous-SiO2

2000

Abstract Paramagnetic defects induced by γ rays, in a dose range from 1 to 1000 Mrad, have been investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy in various types of natural and synthetic silica, having different OH content. A doublet with a field splitting of 7.4 mT, arising from the hyperfine interaction of an unpaired electron with a H nucleus associated with the H(I) center, was detected in all the investigated samples. This ESR structure exhibits a sublinear growth with the γ dose linearly correlated with the γ-induced photoluminescence band at 4.4 eV. The intensity ratio of these two signals depends on the OH content of the sample. Our results agree with a model in which the …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotoluminescenceChemistryAnalytical chemistryHydrogen atomlaw.inventionAmorphous solidParamagnetismUnpaired electronlawAtomic physicsElectron paramagnetic resonanceSpectroscopyInstrumentationHyperfine structureNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Bleaching and thermal recovery of PL emissions in natural silica

2000

Abstract We have investigated the bleaching of two photoluminescence (PL) emissions at 3.1 and 4.2 eV and the related growth of an electron spin resonance (ESR) signal, consisting in a hyperfine doublet split by 11.8 mT, in natural silica γ-irradiated by low doses, up to 1 Mrad. These observations definitely support the existence of a conversion mechanism, from optically active defects to paramagnetic ones. To further investigate this conversion process and the stability of the γ-induced paramagnetic centers, we performed PL and ESR measurements in samples that, after a γ exposure at 1 Mrad dose, were thermally treated at various temperatures ranging from 330 to 430 K. We found that the int…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotoluminescenceThermal recoveryChemistryAnnealing (metallurgy)Low doseAnalytical chemistryOptically activelaw.inventionParamagnetismlawElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationHyperfine structureNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Sensitivity enhancement in pulse EPR distance measurements

2004

Established pulse EPR approaches to the measurement of small dipole-dipole couplings between electron spins rely on constant-time echo experiments to separate relaxational contributions from dipolar time evolution. This requires a compromise between sensitivity and resolution to be made prior to the measurement, so that optimum data are only obtained if the magnitude of the dipole-dipole coupling is known beforehand to a good approximation. Moreover, the whole dipolar evolution function is measured with relatively low sensitivity. These problems are overcome by a variable-time experiment that achieves suppression of the relaxation contribution by reference deconvolution. Theoretical and exp…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsProtein ConformationBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryBiochemistrySensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionlawspin labelingSensitivity (control systems)protein structurepair correlation functionElectron paramagnetic resonanceCouplingSpinsChemistryPulsed EPRRelaxation (NMR)Time evolutionElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyPhotosystem II Protein ComplexReproducibility of ResultsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedELDORCondensed Matter PhysicsComputational physicsDeconvolutionEPRAlgorithms
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ODEPR of indium colour centres in the X- irradiated storage phosphor KBr:In

1995

The results of measurements of the magnetic circular dichroism of the optical absorption (MCDA) and optically detected electron paramagnetic resonance (ODEPR) of X-irradiated KBr :In crystals are presented. The MCDA bands and ODEPR parameters of In°(1) centers and In 2+ centres have been measured. The mechanism of the energy storage in KBr :In crystals is found not to be simply the formation of correlated F centre-In 2+ centre pairs as was assumed previously. Considerable similarities to the storage phosphor BaFBr :Eu 2+ were found for the photostimulated emission and read-out properties.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryMagnetic circular dichroismAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPhosphorCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionNuclear magnetic resonancelawStorage phosphorGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)IndiumRadiation Effects and Defects in Solids
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EPR of radiation defects in LiBaF 3 crystals

2002

EPR spectra of LiBaF 3 crystals have been investigated after X-irradiation at RT. A spectrum consisting of approximately 35 nearly equidistant EPR lines has a strong angular dependence on the line intensities. The spectrum is caused by a hyperfine interaction (hfs) of a spin S=1/2 with neighbouring groups of nuclei. The observed large number of hfs lines required Li nuclei being in the first shell and fluorine nuclei in the more distant second shell. We analysed the spectrum in the F-centre model, taking reduced hfs values of the F-centre in LiF and found qualitative explanation of the number of hfs lines. The angular dependence of the line intensities could be explained by an anisotropy of…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationChemistryRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsSpectral linelaw.inventionCrystalNuclear magnetic resonancelawGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsSpin (physics)AnisotropyElectron paramagnetic resonanceHyperfine structureLine (formation)Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids
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ESR dosimeter material properties of phenols compound exposed to radiotherapeutic electron beams

2017

Abstract There is a need for a sensitive dosimeter using Electron Spin Resonance spectroscopy for use in medical applications, since non-destructive read-out and dose archival could be achieved with this method. This work reports a systematic ESR investigation of IRGANOX ® 1076 exposed to clinical electron beams produced by a LINAC used for radiation therapy treatments. Recently, dosimetric features of this material were investigated for irradiation with 6 0Co γ -photons and neutrons in both pellet and film shape and have been found promising thanks to their high efficiency of radiation-matter energy transfer and radical stability at room temperature. Here the analysis of the dosimetric fea…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)DosimeterMaterials scienceSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAnalytical chemistryElectronStopping powerSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNuclear magnetic resonanceSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica Applicatalaw030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAbsorbed doseIrradiationDosimetry Dose ESR EPR Electron BeamElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationBeam (structure)
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ESR response of phenol compounds for dosimetry of gamma photon beams

2014

Abstract In the present paper we investigate the features of IRGANOX® 1076 phenols as a material for electron spin resonance (ESR) dosimetry. We experimentally analyzed the ESR response of pellets of IRGANOX® 1076 phenols irradiated with 60Co photons. The best experimental parameters (modulation amplitude and microwave power) for dosimetric applications have been obtained. The dependence of ESR signal as function of γ dose is found to be linear in the dose range studied (12–60 Gy) and the lowest measurable dose is found to be of the order of 1 Gy. The signal after irradiation is very stable in the first thirty days. From the point of view of the tissue equivalence, these materials have mass…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsRange (particle radiation)PhotonPhenolChemistryAnalytical chemistrySignalSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)law.inventionNuclear magnetic resonanceAmplitudelawAttenuation coefficientElectron spin resonanceDosimetryDosimetryPhoton beamIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentation
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