Search results for "Parametric"

showing 10 items of 980 documents

Constructal law optimization of a boiler

2017

The paper aims at the optimization of the design of a biomass boiler under the inspiration of the Constructal Law by Bejan. The boiler is of the smoke tubes typology, fuel being biomass pellets. The smoke tubes are 16 and are placed in a staggered configuration. A model is built in MATLAB environment, based on empirical correlations and the mean log temperature methodology. The analysis is based on the development of a wide parametric analysis that involves variations of diameters, numbers and positioning of the tubes. Results are based on the concept of the overall performance coefficient methodology and investigate both the pressure drops variation and the thermal power generated in the d…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesConstructal law020209 energyMechanical EngineeringSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica Industriale0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBoiler (power generation)Mechanical engineeringEnvironmental science02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter PhysicsBoiler Constructal Law Modelling Parametric Analysis Overall Performance CoefficientInternational Journal of Heat and Technology
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Multiplicative cases from additive cases: Extension of Kolmogorov–Feller equation to parametric Poisson white noise processes

2007

Abstract In this paper the response of nonlinear systems driven by parametric Poissonian white noise is examined. As is well known, the response sample function or the response statistics of a system driven by external white noise processes is completely defined. Starting from the system driven by external white noise processes, when an invertible nonlinear transformation is applied, the transformed system in the new state variable is driven by a parametric type excitation. So this latter artificial system may be used as a tool to find out the proper solution to solve systems driven by parametric white noises. In fact, solving this new system, being the nonlinear transformation invertible, …

Fokker-Planck equation; Itô's calculus; Kolmogorov-Feller equation; Parametric forces; Poisson input; Stochastic differential calculusState variableAerospace EngineeringOcean EngineeringKolmogorov-Feller equationPoisson inputlaw.inventionlawCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsParametric statisticsParametric forceMechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisFokker-Planck equationStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsWhite noiseCondensed Matter PhysicsItô's calculuNonlinear systemNoiseInvertible matrixNuclear Energy and EngineeringFokker–Planck equationStochastic differential calculusPoisson's equationProbabilistic Engineering Mechanics
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Seasonal changes in predator community switch the direction of selection for prey defences

2014

Insect communities consist of aposematic species with efficient warning colours against predation, as well as abundant examples of crypsis. To understand such coexistence, we here report results from a field experiment where relative survival of artificial larvae, varying in conspicuousness, was estimated in natural bird communities over an entire season. This takes advantage of natural variation in the proportion of naive predators: naivety peaks when young birds have just fledged. We show that the relative benefit of warning signals and crypsis changes accordingly. When naive birds are rare (early and late in the season), conspicuous warning signals improve survival, but conspicuousness b…

Food ChainNaivetymedia_common.quotation_subjectAdaptation BiologicalGeneral Physics and Astronomy1600 General ChemistryGenetics and Molecular BiologyInsectAposematismBiologyArticleStatistics NonparametricGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPredationBirds10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesFood chainSpecies Specificity1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAnimalsOrganic ChemicalsSelection GeneticPredatorFinlandmedia_commonMultidisciplinaryPigmentationEcologyFledgeGeneral Chemistry3100 General Physics and AstronomyLepidopteraLarvaGeneral BiochemistryCrypsista1181570 Life sciences; biology590 Animals (Zoology)SeasonsNature Communications
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Phase-bistable pattern formation in oscillatory systems via rocking: application to nonlinear optical systems

2014

We present a review, together with new results, of a universal forcing of oscillatory systems, termed ‘rocking’, which leads to the emergence of a phase bistability and to the kind of pattern formation associated with it, characterized by the presence of phase domains, phase spatial solitons and phase-bistable extended patterns. The effects of rocking are thus similar to those observed in the classic 2 : 1 resonance (the parametric resonance) of spatially extended systems of oscillators, which occurs under a spatially uniform, time-periodic forcing at twice the oscillations' frequency. The rocking, however, has a frequency close to that of the oscillations (it is a 1 : 1 resonant forcing) …

Forcing (recursion theory)BistabilityCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryGeneral MathematicsGeneral EngineeringPhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyResonancePattern formationVortexOpticsAmplitudeParametric oscillatorbusinessMathematicsPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
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Functional Data Analysis and Mixed Effect Models

2004

Panel studies in econometrics as well as longitudinal studies in biomedical applications provide data from a sample of individual units where each unit is observed repeatedly over time (age, etc.). In this context, mixed effect models are often applied to analyze the behavior of a response variable in dependence of a number of covariates. In some important applications it is necessary to assume that individual effects vary over time (age, etc.).

Functional principal component analysisMixed modelVariable (computer science)CovariateEconometricsFunctional data analysisContext (language use)Sample (statistics)Nonparametric regressionMathematics
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A method for detecting malfunctions in PV solar panels based on electricity production monitoring

2017

In this paper a new method is developed for automatically detecting outliers or faults in the solar energy production of identical sets (sister arrays) of photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. The method involves a two-stage unsupervised approach. In the first stage, "in control" energy production data are created by using outlier detection methods and functional principal component analysis in order to remove global and local outliers from the data set. In the second stage, control charts for the "in control" data are constructed using both a parametric method and three non-parametric methods. The control charts can be used to detect outliers or faults in the production data in real-time or at t…

Functional principal component analysisRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentComputer sciencebusiness.industryElectricity production monitoring020209 energyPhotovoltaic systemStatistical quality control02 engineering and technologyAnomaly detectionStatistical process controlcomputer.software_genreSolar energyOutlier0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceControl chartAnomaly detectionData miningbusinesscomputerPhotovoltaic solar panel sister arraysParametric statistics
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Semi-automated and interactive segmentation of contrast-enhancing masses on breast DCE-MRI using spatial fuzzy clustering

2022

Abstract Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive imaging modality for breast cancer detection and is increasingly playing a key role in lesion characterization. In this context, accurate and reliable quantification of the shape and extent of breast cancer is crucial in clinical research environments. Since conventional lesion delineation procedures are still mostly manual, automated segmentation approaches can improve this time-consuming and operator-dependent task by annotating the regions of interest in a reproducible manner. In this work, a semi-automated and interactive approach based on the spatial Fuzzy C-Means (sFCM) algorithm is proposed, used to segme…

Fuzzy clusteringUnsupervised fuzzy clusteringbusiness.industryComputer scienceBiomedical EngineeringHealth InformaticsPattern recognitionImage processingContext (language use)Image segmentationComputer-assisted lesion detectionMagnetic Resonance ImagingThresholdingConvolutional neural networkBreast cancer; Computer-assisted lesion detection; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Semi-automated segmentation; Spatial information; Unsupervised fuzzy clusteringBreast cancerSignal ProcessingSemi-automated segmentationSpatial informationSegmentationArtificial intelligencebusinessMultiparametric Magnetic Resonance ImagingBiomedical Signal Processing and Control
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Late gadolinium enhancement-cardiovascular magnetic resonance identifies coronary artery disease as the aetiology of left ventricular dysfunction in …

2009

Aims We evaluated the ability of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to identify acute new-onset heart failure (HF) with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), whether or not in relation to underlying coronary artery disease (CAD), in patients with no clinical evidence of associated ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Methods and results Hundred consecutive patients admitted with acute new-onset decompensated HF and EF ,40%, with no clinical or electrocardiographic data suggestive of CAD. The patients were classified according to the presence or absence of significant CAD (stenosis � 70% in at least one major vessel). Twenty-one patients (21%) had si…

Gadolinium DTPAMalemedicine.medical_specialtyContrast MediaCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary AngiographySensitivity and SpecificityStatistics NonparametricCoronary artery diseaseElectrocardiographyVentricular Dysfunction LeftPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingcardiovascular diseasesHeart FailureChi-Square DistributionReceiver operating characteristicmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingStenosisArea Under CurvePredictive value of testsHeart failureAngiographyCardiologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessElectrocardiographyEuropean Journal of Echocardiography
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Utility of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance to assess association between admission hyperglycemia and myocardial damage in patients with reperfused ST-segm…

2008

Abstract Aims to investigate the association between admission hyperglycemia and myocardial damage in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR). Methods We analyzed 113 patients with STEMI treated with successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Admission hyperglycemia was defined as a glucose level ≥ 7.8 mmol/l. Contrast-enhanced CMR was performed between 3 and 7 days after reperfusion to evaluate left ventricular function and perfusion data after injection of gadolinium-DTPA. First-pass images (FP), providing assessment of microvascular obstruction and Late Gadolinium Enhanced images (DE), reflecting the extent of in…

Gadolinium DTPAMalemedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemMyocardial InfarctionContrast Media030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyStatistics Nonparametric030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGadolinium DTPARisk FactorsInternal medicineImage Interpretation Computer-Assistedmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingST segmentHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientMyocardial infarctioncardiovascular diseasesAngioplasty Balloon CoronaryAngiologyMedicine(all)Chi-Square DistributionRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_test[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imagingbusiness.industryResearchMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance Imaging3. Good healthLogistic Modelslcsh:RC666-701HyperglycemiaCardiologycardiovascular systemFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineCardiac magnetic resonancebusiness
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Quantification of resting myocardial blood flow in a pig model of acute ischemia based on first-pass MRI

2005

Qualitative and semiquantitative contrast-enhanced (CE) dynamic perfusion MRI techniques are established as noninvasive diagnostic means of assessing coronary artery disease. However, to date quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) has not reached the same acceptance as MBF quantification with nuclear techniques. To validate quantification of MBF at rest using the extracellular contrast agent (CA) Gd-DTPA, we performed an animal study in a pig model of acute myocardial ischemia. We quantified MBF from MRI data with a mathematical model (MMID4) of the underlying vasculature. These MBF results were subsequently compared with the results from fluorescent microspheres. The study showed a …

Gadolinium DTPAmedicine.medical_specialtyMyocardial ischemiaSwineMyocardial IschemiaContrast MediaStatistics NonparametricAcute ischemiaCoronary artery diseaseFluorescent microspheresCoronary CirculationInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFirst passbusiness.industryPig modelBlood flowmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingDisease Models AnimalAcute DiseaseCardiologybusinessPerfusioncirculatory and respiratory physiologyMagnetic Resonance in Medicine
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