Search results for "Parasitoid"
showing 10 items of 185 documents
Single sensillum responses in Trissolcus basalis females to companion plant volatiles
2016
In food resources location and selection, parasitoid females spend considerable time examining the substrate with their antennae, where chemosensory, mechanosensory and thermo-hygroreceptive sensilla exist. Olfaction and perception of plant volatiles play a basic role in recognition of nutritional resources. For Trissolcus basalis, an egg parasitoid of the green stink bug Nezara viridula, previous electroantennography and behavioural experiments tested the parasitoid’s response to extracted headspace volatiles and a synthetic blend of buckwheat volatiles indicated that T. basalis females have sensitive and selective olfactory responses some major buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum, flower vola…
Contenimento naturale di Bactrocera oleae (Rossi): clima o parassitoidi? Confronto tra Western Cape (Sud Africa) e Sicilia
2017
Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), mosca delle olive, è presente anche in Sud Africa, ma finora non si sono avute notizie di infestazioni economicamente rilevanti negli oliveti. L’accertata presenza di un maggior numero di braconidi parassitoidi della mosca delle olive rispetto alle aree mediterranee è stata ed è considerata da molti autori la principale causa di queste minori infestazioni, senza che però siano stati eseguiti in Sud Africa adeguati studi sulle infestazioni da B. oleae e sui fattori cli- matici delle aree interessate. Analizzando recenti dati sui livelli d’infestazione di B. oleae registrati su olivo coltivato e selvatico nel Western Cape e in Sicilia, appaiono simili in una norm…
Sexual communication in the egg parasitoid Trissolcus brochymenae
2009
The males of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus brochymenae (Hymenoptera Scelionidae) exploit a short range pheromone for recognition of the other gender. To evaluate the role of this pheromone, the behavior of virgin males has been studied in closed arena when exposed to the following cues: 1) virgin females (alive, dead "washed" with solvents, dead" unwashed"); 2) dissected and re-assembled virgin females (females dissected into head, mesosoma, and gaster, then reassembled using two solvent "washed" parts and an "unwashed” part, or "unwashed" legs assembled with entire" washed" body); 3) "washed" females treated with acetone extracts (of virgin females and of legs). Males antennate and mount v…
Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) recorded in Italy and their known hosts.
2020
Scelionidi (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) segnalati per l’Italia e loro ospiti noti. Il seguente lavoro propone una revisione della checklist italiana della famiglia Scelionidae dopo quella proposta da Bin et al. (1995). Viene inoltre fornito l’elenco delle specie di ospiti di Insecta e Arachnida individuate nel lavoro di raccolta bibliografica. In totale sono riportati 38 generi di scelionidi per l’Italia con 181 specie di cui 58 riportano anche gli ospiti appartenenti agli ordini: Insecta: Mantodea, Orthoptera, Embioptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera; Arachnida: Araneae Dysderiidae, Lycosidae. Grazie all'intenso lavoro di ricerca del professor Giovanni Mineo, r…
The parasitoid species complex associated with sexual and parthenogenetic Naryciinae (Lepidoptera: Psychidae): Integrating ecological and molecular a…
2011
This study describes the parasitoid species complex associated with seven closely related species of sexual (Siederia rupi- collella, S. listerella, Dahlica lazuri, D. charlottae and D. lichenella) and parthenogenetic (Dahlica fennicella and D. triquetrella) Naryciinae (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) in Central Finland. A thorough ecological analysis of all the species of parasitoids recorded was combined with analyses of molecular data. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data were obtained from all the species in order to (1) detect cryptic species associated with host specialization, (2) assign undescribed males to females, and (3) verify the morphological identification of closely related species. A…
Evaluating the quality of the Mexican fruit-fly, Anastrepha ludens, as host for the parasitoid Melittobia digitata
2013
We investigated the presence of Melittobia digitata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and its associations with its natural hosts in Veracruz, Mexico. The parasitoid was confirmed to be present and found to attack prepupae of Trypoxylon and Sceliphron (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae and Sphecidae, respectively) mud daubers as well as pupae of the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae). Since A. ludens is a very important pest of citrus and mango in Mexico and Central America, we evaluated, in laboratory experiments, the quality of A. ludens as host of M. digitata comparing the development of the parasitoid in another unrelated fly species (Sarcophaga [Neobellieria] bullata) (Diptera: …
Low parasitism rates in parthenogenetic bagworm moths do not support the parasitoid hypothesis for sex
2012
The parasite hypothesis for sex is one of the many theories that have been suggested to solve the mystery of the widespread occurrence of sex despite its high short-term costs. It suggests that sexual lineages have an evolutionary advantage over parthenogens because they can frequently generate new genotypes that are temporarily less prone to coevolving parasites. In this study, we looked for further supporting evidence for the parasite hypothesis of sex in an attempt to understand the coexistence of sexual and parthenogenetic bagworm moths (Naryciinae). The bagworm moths and their parasitoids form one of the few natural host-parasite systems where sexual and parthenogenetic hosts are appar…
World revision of the genus Encyrtoscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
1995
The genus Encyrtoscelio Dodd is revised. E. apterus (Szelényi), E. mirissimus Dodd, E. turneri Waterston are redescribed, and six new species are described: E. cydni Caleca, E. japonicus Caleca, E. mediterraneus Caleca, E. miroides Caleca, E. spuratus Caleca and E. undecim Caleca. A key to separate females is presented, and is based on the number of antennomeres and claval sensillar formula, mandibular spurs and teeth, palpal formula and clypeus, and some cephalic characters. Morphological adaptations of the head and mandibles are discussed in relation to host habitat and oviposition site. Information on host associations, habitat preference, seasonal and daily occurrence of some species a…
The Taxon Rasivalva (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Palaearctic Region and Description of Rasivalva pyrenaica New Species from Andorra
2005
Rasivalva appears to be an uncommon genus, although it is nearly cosmopolitan with the exception of the Australian continent. Five species have been recorded from Europe and Crimea. In this paper, Rasivalva pyrenaica n. sp. is described as the most southern Palaearctic record of this genus, as well as the first record of the genus from Iberian Peninsula. An identification key is proposed for the Palaearctic species.
Sub-lethal effects of deltamethrin on walking behaviour and response to host kairomone of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis.
2002
The lethal doses of the pyrethroid deltamethrin were estimated for the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), and the sub-lethal effects of an LD25 on female walking behaviour were evaluated. Linear speed of treated parasitoids was reduced compared with that of untreated ones for a period of up to 24 h. The sub-lethal effects of deltamethrin on parasitoid response to patches contaminated by a contact kairomone from its host, Nezara viridula L (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), was also evaluated. Both treated and untreated parasitoids responded to host-contaminated patches by increasing residence time and decreasing linear speed. However, treated females showed …