Search results for "Part"

showing 10 items of 22361 documents

Description of the sexual generation of Dryocosmus destefanii (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) and disclosure of its life cycle

2020

The sexual generation of Dryocosmus destefanii Cerasa & Melika, 2018 that emerges from galls on Q. suber L. in Italy is described for the first time, establishing its heterogonic life cycle. We provide observations on its distribution, illustration of adults and galls and information on its biology as supported by morphological and molecular data. An illustrated identification key to Western Palaearctic Dryocosmus species is also given. 

0106 biological sciencesInsectaArthropodaWasps010607 zoologyIdentification keyHymenoptera010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesCynipidaeAnimalsAnimaliaEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTaxonomyLife Cycle StagesbiologyCynipiniWestern PalaearcticBiodiversityDryocosmusoak gallwasp cyclic parthenogenesis heterogony sexual generation taxonomy morphology distribution biology molecular analysis Quercusbiology.organism_classificationHymenopteraMolecular analysisSettore AGR/11 - Entomologia Generale E ApplicataEvolutionary biologyAnimal Science and ZoologyTaxonomy (biology)Zootaxa
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Water-Related Variables for Predicting Yield of Apple under Deficit Irrigation

2019

, it did not reduce yield and gas exchange. In &lsquo

0106 biological sciencesIrrigationStomatal conductanceDeficit irrigationPlant Scienceleaf water saturation deficitHorticulturelcsh:Plant culture01 natural sciencesEvapotranspirationtranspiration productivitylcsh:SB1-1110DehydrationCultivarTranspirationMathematicsCrop yield04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboreepartial root zone dryingHorticulturetranspiration efficiencystomatal conductance040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesDNS root zoneWater use010606 plant biology & botanyHorticulturae
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Avoiding perceived past resource use of potential competitors affects niche dynamics in a bird community

2014

Abstract. Background: Social information use is usually considered to lead to ecological convergence among involved con- or heterospecific individuals. However, recent results demonstrate that observers can also actively avoid behaving as those individuals being observed, leading to ecological divergence. This phenomenon has been little explored so far, yet it can have significant impact on resource use, realized niches and species co-existence. In particular, the time-scale and the ecological context over which such shifts can occur are unknown. We examined with a long-term (four years) field experiment whether experimentally manipulated, species-specific, nest-site feature preferences (sy…

0106 biological sciencesMaleTime FactorsIntra- and interspecific competition[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]NicheEcological and Environmental PhenomenaContext (language use)BreedingFicedula010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesNesting BehaviorEvolutionsbiologiNiche divisionNestSpecies SpecificityAnimalsPasseriformesSpecies interactionsSocial BehaviorResource partitioningEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsParusEcological nicheEvolutionary BiologybiologyEcologyFicedulaCavity nesting birdsInterspecific competitionbiology.organism_classificationIntra-and interspecific competitionNest-site selection010601 ecologySocial information useParusGuildFemaleSeasonsResearch Article
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Agro-ecological benefits of faba bean for rainfed Mediterranean cropping systems

2017

This paper reviews the main results from a set of experiments carried out in a semiarid Mediterranean environment during the past 25 years on faba bean (<em>Vicia faba</em> L.), a crop traditionally grown in southern Italy and Sicily under rainfed conditions. These experiments focused on the residual effects of faba bean on subsequent crop(s) and assessment of the nitrogen (N) balance during the crop cycle, paying attention to both the environmental release of N (losses via volatilisation and denitrification) and estimates of N2 fixation as influenced by tillage system, intercropping, and presence/absence of mycorrhizal inoculum. Faba bean relied on N2 fixation more than other g…

0106 biological sciencesMediterranean climateDenitrificationGrain legumeCrop rotation; Grain legume; N sparing; N2 fixation; Vicia faba L; Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Biologylcsh:Plant culture01 natural sciencesVicia faba L.lcsh:AgricultureN2 fixationCrop rotationN sparingMineral particleslcsh:SB1-1110Leaching (agriculture)lcsh:SIntercropping04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classificationVicia fabaSettore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni ErbaceeTillageAgronomyAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Vicia faba L040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesAgronomy and Crop ScienceCropping010606 plant biology & botany
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Assessment of surface sediment dynamics and response of benthic macrofauna assemblages in Boughrara Lagoon (SW Mediterranean Sea)

2016

International audience; A study was conducted in the spring of 2009, the winters of 2010 and 2013, and in the summer of 2012 at 13 stations in Boughrara Lagoon, Tunisia (southern Mediterranean). The country’s largest lagoon, it is considered to be an anthropogenically stressed area, though a major tourist centre—Djerba Island—is located along its northern shores. The lagoon bottoms were studied via analyses of grain size, surface sediment composition, total organic matter (TOM) and through the trophic and functional organisation of benthic macrofauna. The results indicate that the bottoms are composed of fine, medium or coarse sands and that sediment distribution is controlled by water move…

0106 biological sciencesMediterranean climateGeneral Decision SciencesBenthic macrofauna010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciences[ SDE ] Environmental SciencesMediterranean seaEcosystem14. Life underwaterEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesTrophic levelEcologyEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyDetritivoreSedimentTotal organic matterParticle sizeSediment dynamicsTrophic structureBioindicationHabitat13. Climate actionBenthic zone[SDE]Environmental SciencesEnvironmental science
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The effects of marine protected areas on ecosystem recovery and fisheries using a comparative modelling approach

2020

17 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, supporting information https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3368.-- This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Daniel Vilas, Marta Coll, Xavier Corrales, Jeroen Steenbeek, Chiara Piroddi, Antonio Calò, Antonio Di Franco, Toni Font, Paolo Guidetti, Alessandro Ligas, Josep Lloret, Giulia Prato, Rita Sahyoun, Paolo Sartor, Joachim Claudet, The effects of marine protected areas on ecosystem recovery and fisheries using a comparative modelling approach, Aquatic Conservation - Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 30(10):1885-1901(2020), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3368. This article may be used for non-commercial purpose…

0106 biological sciencesMediterranean climateMarine conservationEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyProtection levelsAquatic Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesFisheryOverexploitationFully protected areasMediterranean seaNW Mediterranean SeaEcopath with EcosimEnvironmental scienceEcopath with Ecosim fully protected areas north-west Mediterranean Sea partially protected areas protection levelsEcosystemMarine ecosystemMarine protected area14. Life underwaterPartially protected areas[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyProtected areaNature and Landscape Conservation
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A formal classification of the Lygeum spartum vegetation of the Mediterranean Region

2019

Aims: We examined all available literature and some unpublished data on the We examined all available literature and some unpublished data on the grasslands dominated by Lygeum spartum from Southern Europe and North Africa to produce a formalised classification of this vegetation and to identify the main factors determining its plant species composition. Location: Mediterranean Basin and Iberian Peninsula. Methods: We used a dataset of 728 releves, which were resampled to reduce unbalanced sampling effort, resulting in a dataset of 568 releves and 846 taxa. We classified the plots by TWINSPAN, interpreted the resulting pools, and used them to develop formal definitions of phytosociological …

0106 biological sciencesMediterranean climateMarshVegetation classificationManagement Monitoring Policy and Law010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesMediterranean BasinMediterrània (Regió)GrassesMediterranean regiondry grasslandvegetation classificationexpert systemNature and Landscape Conservationgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryLygeo-StipeteaEcologyPhytosociologyEcologyMediterranean RegionGramíniesSpecies diversitybadlandsbadlandEdaphicVegetationsalt marshSettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataLygeum spartumSalicornietea fruticosaePhytosociology010606 plant biology & botany
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Zeolite-silver-zinc nanoparticles : biocompatibility and their effect on the compressive strength of mineral trioxide aggregate

2016

Background This study was carried out to evaluate the biocompatibility of zeolite-silver-zinc (Ze-Ag-Zn) nanoparticles and their effect on the compressive strength of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA). Material and Methods Biocompatibility was evaluated by an MTT assay on the pulmonary adenocarcinoma cells with 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 5 mg/mL concentrations of Ze-Ag-Zn. For compressive strength test, four groups containing 15 stainless-steel cylinders with an internal diameter of 4 and a height of 6 mm were prepared and MTA (groups 1 and 2) or MTA + 2% Ze-Ag-Zn (groups 3 and 4) were placed in the cylinders. The compressive strength was evaluated using a universal testing machine 4 days a…

0106 biological sciencesMineral trioxide aggregateUniversal testing machineBiocompatibilityChemistryResearchPulmonary adenocarcinomaMineralogy030206 dentistryZinc nanoparticles:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCompressive strength010608 biotechnologyBiomaterials and Bioengineering in DentistryUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASMTT assayZeoliteGeneral DentistryNuclear chemistry
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Phylogenetic evidence for hybrid origins of asexual lineages in an aphid species

2003

International audience; Understanding the mode of origin of asexuality is central to ongoing debates concerning the evolution and maintenance of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes. This is because it has profound consequences for patterns of genetic diversity and ecological adaptability of asexual lineages, hence on the outcome of competition with sexual relatives both in short and longer terms. Among the possible routes to asexuality, hybridization is a very common mechanism in animals and plants. Aphids present frequent transitions from their ancestral reproductive mode (cyclical parthenogenesis) to permanent asexuality, but the mode of origin of asexual lineages is generally not known bec…

0106 biological sciencesMitochondrial DNAHeterozygoteEvolution of sexual reproduction[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Parthenogenesis010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesAsexualityRhopalosiphum padiEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesReproduction AsexualGeneticsAnimalsCluster AnalysisAllele sequence divergenceHybridizationPhylogenyPolymorphism Single-Stranded ConformationalEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyGeneticsAphidLikelihood Functions0303 health sciencesbiologyPhylogenetic treeModels GeneticParthenogenesisSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationNuclear DNASexual reproductionEvolution of sexAphids[SDE]Environmental SciencesHybridization GeneticGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesMicrosatellite Repeats
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Dust and grit matter: abrasives of different size lead to opposing dental microwear textures in experimentally fed sheep (Ovis aries)

2020

ABSTRACT External abrasives ingested along with the herbivore diet are considered main contributors to dental wear, though how the different sizes and concentrations of these abrasives influence wear remains unclear. Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is an established method for dietary reconstruction which describes a tooth9s surface topography on a micrometre scale. The method has yielded conflicting results as to the effect of external abrasives. In the present study, a feeding experiment was performed on sheep (Ovis aries) fed seven diets of different abrasiveness. Our aim was to discern the individual effects of size (4, 50 and 130 µm) and concentration (0%, 4% and 8% of dry mat…

0106 biological sciencesMolar010506 paleontology10253 Department of Small Animals1109 Insect SciencePhysiologyEvolutionRuminantDental WearAquatic Science010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesTexture (geology)MicrotextureAnimal scienceBehavior and Systematics1312 Molecular BiologyAnimalsGritOvisMolecular BiologySheep DomesticEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesFeeding experimentbiology630 Agriculture1104 Aquatic ScienceEcologyChemistryAbrasiveTooth wearDust1314 Physiologybiology.organism_classificationAbrasivesAnimal FeedDiet1105 Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsTooth wearInsect Science570 Life sciences; biologyParticulate MatterAnimal Science and Zoology1103 Animal Science and Zoology
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