Search results for "Partenaire"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Le contrat d'objectif professionnel en Bourgogne : quels partenaires, quelle méthodologie, quels acteurs ?
1996
International audience; Dans le contexte de la Loi Quinquennale, les concertations entre Région, Etat et Branches Professionnelles se développent au niveau régional. L'Observatoire régional de l'emploi et de la formation (OREF) de Bourgogne a été sollicité en 1995 pour participer à l'élaboration des contrats d'objectifs professionnels. Cette note retrace les grandes lignes de cette contribution et souligne la non-existence d'une méthodologie type, face à la complexité de la relation formation-emploi.
Syndicats et dialogue social. Les modèles occidentaux à l'épreuve
2016
International audience; Une même question a été posée à une équipe de chercheurs spécialisés dans les relations du travail dans les principales économies post-industrielles de ce début du 21e siècle : comment a évolué la régulation sociale dans les entreprises depuis une trentaine d’années ? Leurs réponses montrent que les restructurations économiques, l’européanisation et la mondialisation ont conduit à d’importants changements, rarement volontaires, dans les relations entre les « partenaires sociaux » : organisations syndicales et patronales, sans oublier l’État, qui joue souvent un rôle d’arbitre. Ainsi, les modèles nationaux hérités du 20e siècle ont été remis en cause. Les particularis…
Ecologie évolutive de la malaria aviaire : effets des caractéristiques de l'hôte et de l'environnement
2012
Host-parasite interactions are one of the main topics in evolutionary sciences. This complex coevolution depends on several trade-offs and can be influenced by environmental factors. Here, we propose to study host-parasite interactions with a multi-level approach, using experimental and natural population studies, focusing on avian malaria parasites. First, we studied the effect of host characteristics, and more precisely the immune system. The immune system confers benefits in terms of protection against the parasite, but can also generated immunopathological costs. Life history traits, like age or social status, appear to modify parasitemia but not prevalence. In a second part, we evaluat…
Personnalité, stratégies d'approvisionnement et d'appariement chez les Diamants Mandarins (taeniopygia guttata)
2011
In evolutionary biology, phenotypic variation has for a long time been considered as the raw material on which natural selection acts. However, research on the consistency of behaviour led to the development of the animal personality concept during the 1990s. This concept was based on the characterization of traits such as neophobia, aggressiveness, exploratory tendencies and risk-taking behaviour. Since then, several studies have shown that personality can evolve through natural selection and is related to many life-history traits, such as dispersal or anti-predator behaviour.Pairing strategies and foraging strategies are two fundamental components of an organism’s life, but their relation…
Mating strategies and resulting patterns in mate guarding crustaceans : an empirical and theoretical approach
2012
Because of strong costs associated with each mating event, females are usually not as available for reproduction as males at any given time. Males are therefore in competition with each other for access to receptive females, hence leading to strong sexual selection. One textbook case of such a mating system occurs in moulting crustaceans where females can only be fertilized during a short period following their moult. This has favoured the evolution male strategies to monopolize females before their period of receptivity. Such a precopulatory mate guarding is widespread among many taxa and represents one of the most striking example of males’ competitive traits favoured by sexual selection.…
Diversité génétique individuelle, différenciation morphologique et comportementale entres les sexes, patterns d'appariement et paramètres démographiq…
2013
Research in avian behavioral ecology is affected by a known bias in favour of temperate species despite the greatest diversity of tropical species and the radically remote natural conditions which make knowledge of temperate species hardly relevant to tropical species.We propose to reduce the lack of information about tropical birds through the study of a socially monogamous species, reproducing and defending an all-purpose territory all year round, the Zenaida dove, Zenaida aurita. We used monitoring data from a population of ringed birds in Barbados for six years. First, we focused on plumage coloration both to ascertain their sexually mono- or dichromatic nature and whether plumage colou…
Emotions et personnalité : au cœur des décisions chez un poisson monogame
2018
During their lives animals constantly need to make decisions that influence their survival and their reproductive success. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the role of two variability sources in decision-making — personality and emotional states — in a sexual context in a monogamous fish, the convict cichlid. Our work about personality highlights its importance on pair compatibility and reproductive success. We also observe that reactive individuals adjusted their behaviour to their partner and thus increased their reproductive fitness. This result supports the hypothesis that reactive individuals are more flexible and thus compensate for their weak competitiveness.Personality t…
Le droit rural et le pacte civil de solidarité
2006
International audience