Search results for "Particle physics"

showing 10 items of 6826 documents

Measurement of the chi(b) (3 P) mass and of the relative rate of chi(b1) (1 P) and chi(b2) (1 P) production

2014

The production of $\chi_b$ mesons in proton-proton collisions is studied using a data sample collected by the LHCb detector, at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=7$ and $8$ TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb$^{-1}$. The $\chi_b$ mesons are identified through their decays to $\Upsilon(1S)\gamma$ and $\Upsilon(2S)\gamma$ using photons that converted to $e^+e^-$ pairs in the detector. The $\chi_b(3P)$ meson mass, and the relative prompt production rate of $\chi_{b1}(1P)$ and $\chi_{b2}(1P)$ mesons as a function of the $\Upsilon(1S)$ transverse momentum in the $\chi_b$ rapidity range 2.0< $y$<4.5, are measured. Assuming a mass splitting between the $\chi_{b1}(3P)$ an…

Quantum chromodynamics: Experimental testPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsNuclear TheoryQuarkoniumFlavor physics; Hadron-Hadron Scattering; Quarkonium01 natural sciencesPhysics Particles & FieldsHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentLuminositySettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare14.40.PqFlavor physicsDECAY; UPSILON; PSI[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Flavor physics; Hadron-Hadron Scattering; Quarkonium; Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPSINuclear ExperimentQCPhysicsPhysicsHadron-induced high- and super-high-energy interactions (energy > 10 GeV): Inclusive production with identified hadronParticle physicsLeptonic semileptonic and radiative decays of J/ψ Υ and other quarkoniaQuarkonium Hadron-Hadron Scattering Flavor physicsPhysical SciencesTransverse momentumFísica nuclearProduction (computer science)LHCParticle Physics - ExperimentNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMesonLHCb - Abteilung HofmannAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsUPSILONHadronsNO13.20.Gd0103 physical sciencesRapiditySDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy010306 general physicsLarge Hadron Collider (France and Switzerland)/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/affordable_and_clean_energyScience & TechnologyHadron-Hadron Scattering010308 nuclear & particles physicsGran Col·lisionador d'HadronsLHCb12.38.QkFlavor physicHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentHeavy quarkonia13.85.NiFísica de partículesExperimentsDECAYProduction rate
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Resonance interaction energy between two entangled atoms in a photonic bandgap environment

2018

We consider the resonance interaction energy between two identical entangled atoms, where one is in the excited state and the other in the ground state. They interact with the quantum electromagnetic field in the vacuum state and are placed in a photonic-bandgap environment with a dispersion relation quadratic near the gap edge and linear for low frequencies, while the atomic transition frequency is assumed to be inside the photonic gap and near its lower edge. This problem is strictly related to the coherent resonant energy transfer between atoms in external environments. The analysis involves both an isotropic three-dimensional model and the one-dimensional case. The resonance interaction…

Quantum decoherenceScienceVacuum stateFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)Article010305 fluids & plasmasPhotonic bandgap materialsDispersion relation0103 physical sciencesSpontaneous emissionPhotonic crystal010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinaryQRInteraction energyResonance dipole-dipole interactionExcited stateMedicineResonance dipole-dipole interaction; Photonic crystals; Photonic bandgap materialsAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Ground state
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Looking for magnetic monopoles at LHC with diphoton events

2012

Magnetic monopoles have been a subject of interest since Dirac established the relation between the existence of monopoles and charge quantization. The intense experimental search carried thus far has not met with success. The Large Hadron Collider is reaching energies never achieved before allowing the search for exotic particles in the TeV mass range. In a continuing effort to discover these rare particles we propose here other ways to detect them. We study the observability of monopoles and monopolium, a monopole-antimonopole bound state, at the Large Hadron Collider in the $\gamma \gamma$ channel for monopole masses in the range 500-1000 GeV. We conclude that LHC is an ideal machine to …

Quantum electrodynamicsScattering cross-sectionPhysicsmonopolesParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaHigh Energy Physics::LatticephotonMagnetic monopoleFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyFísicaHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentmonopoliumNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Quantization (physics)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Bound stateIdeal machinedualityHigh Energy Physics::Experimentproton
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Baryon Asymmetry Resulting from FCQPT in the Early Universe

2014

This Chapter does not follow the main line of the book that is the theory of HF compounds but illustrates how the ideas of FC may be applicable to describe a very dissimilar system. Namely, here we consider a novel mechanism for explaining the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe. We assume that the universe starts from completely symmetric state and then, as it cools down, it undergoes a quantum phase transition, which in turn causes an asymmetry between matter and anti-matter. As we shall see the quantum phase transition is represented by FCQPT. The mechanism does not require the baryon number violating interactions or \({\textit{CP}}\) violation at a microscopic level. The state F…

Quantum phase transitionPhysicsParticle physicsBaryon asymmetrymedia_common.quotation_subjectAntimatterQuantum critical pointSupersymmetryBaryon numberAsymmetryUniversemedia_common
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Tuning the Kondo resonance in two-dimensional lattices of cerium molecular complexes

2018

International audience; Cerium intermetallics have raised a lot of interest for the past forty years thanks to their very unusual and interesting electronic and magnetic properties. This can be explained by the peculiar electronic configuration of Ce (4f1) that allows different oxidation states leading to singular behavior such as quantum phase transitions, heavy-fermion behavior and the Kondo effect. In this work, we used a mixed-valence molecular analogue to study the Kondo effect down to the atomic scale by means of scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) for which new many-body effects are expected to emerge due to reduced dimensionality and specific chemical environment of…

Quantum phase transition[PHYS]Physics [physics]Materials scienceIntermolecular forcechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionCeriumchemistryChemical physicslaw[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]General Materials ScienceElectron configurationKondo effectScanning tunneling microscope[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]0210 nano-technologySpectroscopy
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Identified charged particles in quark and gluon jets

2000

A sample of 2.2 million hadronic Z decays, selected from the data recorded by the Delphi detector at LEP during 1994-1995 was used for an improved measurement of inclusive distributions of pi+, K+ and p and their antiparticles in gluon and quark jets. The production spectra of the individual identified particles were found to be softer in gluon jets compared to quark jets, with a higher multiplicity in gluon jets as observed for inclusive charged particles. A significant proton enhancement in gluon jets is observed indicating that baryon production proceeds directly from colour objects. The maxima, xi^*, of the xi-distributions for kaons in gluon and quark jets are observed to be different.

QuarkAntiparticleParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)High Energy Physics::LatticeHadronNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesSpectral lineDECAYSPartícules (Física nuclear)High Energy Physics - ExperimentPHYSICSHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0103 physical sciencesALGORITHMMultiplicity (chemistry)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)DELPHIPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyMULTIPLICITYORDER QCD; MULTIPLICITY; ALGORITHM; PHYSICS; DECAYSLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDERCharged particleGluonBaryonPARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; DELPHIPARTICLE PHYSICSFísica nuclearHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentORDER QCDParticle Physics - Experiment
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Semileptonic decays of double heavy baryons

2001

We study the semileptonic decays of the lowest lying double heavy baryons using the relativistic three-quark model. We do not employ a heavy quark mass expansion but keep the masses of the heavy quarks and baryons finite. We calculate all relevant form factors and decay rates.

QuarkBaryonPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment
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DETERMINATION OF ALPHA(S) FOR B-QUARKS AT THE Z(0) RESONANCE

1993

The strong coupling constant for b quarks has been determined, and its flavour independence, as predicted by QCD, investigated. The analysis involved events with lepton candidates selected from approximately 356 000 hadronic decays of the Z0, collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in 1990 and 199 1. A method based on a direct comparison of the three-jet fraction in a b enriched sample, selected by requiring leptons with large momenta and transverse momenta, to that of the entire hadronic sample, illustrated the significant effect of the b quark mass on the multi-jet cross section, and verified the flavour independence of the strong coupling constant to an accuracy of +/- 6%. A second proce…

QuarkCHARMED MESONSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHEAVY FLAVOR PRODUCTIONElectron–positron annihilationHigh Energy Physics::LatticeFRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONSFlavourHadron01 natural sciencesBottom quarkNuclear physicsMONTE-CARLO0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentZ DECAYSPhysicsCoupling constantQuantum chromodynamics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyJET PRODUCTION-RATESQCDSTRING MODELHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentFísica nuclearHEAVY FLAVOR PRODUCTION; JET PRODUCTION-RATES; E+ E ANNIHILATION; Z0 RESONANCE; FRAGMENTATION FUNCTIONS; CHARMED MESONS; STRING MODEL; MONTE-CARLO; Z DECAYS; QCDE+ E ANNIHILATIONZ0 RESONANCEParticle Physics - ExperimentLepton
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Neutral pion production at threshold and low-energy theorems

1990

Abstract Recent experiments of neutral pion photoproduction show a strong discrepancy between experimental data and the predictions of low-energy theorems (LET). The basic ingredients of these theorems are the conservation of the electromagnetic current and the hypothesis of a partially conserved axial current (PCAC). Both, anomalies in the t-channel, and rescattering in a simple R-matrix formalism, lead to small corrections of the order of 10 – 20 %. However, the investigation of the effects of chiral symmetry breaking and isospin symmetry breaking at the quark level in a current algebraic approach leads to substantial contributions of the right order of magnitude.

QuarkChiral anomalyPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsExplicit symmetry breakingParticle physicsPionIsospinSpontaneous symmetry breakingQuantum electrodynamicsNuclear TheorySymmetry breakingChiral symmetry breakingProgress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
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Unified QCD determination of all vector meson coupling constants

1992

Coupling constants of all vector mesons are determined in QCD by means of a new QCD sum-rule method. The results are found to be sensitive to the binding energy (i.e. meson and quark mass differences). For standard values of quark masses we obtainf ϱ=202 MeV,f K*=216 MeV,f D*=212±22 MeV,f B*=138±42 MeV, $$f_{D_s^* } = 238 \pm 21\,MeV$$ and $$f_{B_s^* } = 163 \pm 45\,MeV$$ . Based on this approach the spin-flavour symmetry for the heavy quark systems are also discussed.

QuarkCoupling constantPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)MesonHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyBinding energySymmetry (physics)Nuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentVector mesonNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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