Search results for "Particles"

showing 10 items of 8085 documents

Resolution of the ATLAS muon spectrometer monitored drift tubes in LHC Run 2

2019

The momentum measurement capability of the ATLAS muon spectrometer relies fundamentally on the intrinsic single-hit spatial resolution of the monitored drift tube precision tracking chambers. Optimal resolution is achieved with a dedicated calibration program that addresses the specific operating conditions of the 354 000 high-pressure drift tubes in the spectrometer. The calibrations consist of a set of timing offsets and drift time to drift distance transfer relations, and result in chamber resolution functions. This paper describes novel algorithms to obtain precision calibrations from data collected by ATLAS in LHC Run 2 and from a gas monitoring chamber, deployed in a dedicated gas fac…

Wire chambers (MWPCdrift tube13000 GeV-cmsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsmuonsTracking (particle physics)01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentSubatomär fysikMWPCHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Gaseous detectors0302 clinical medicineWire chambersDrift tubesSubatomic Physicsscattering [p p][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]tracking detectorProportional chambersmomentum resolutionInstrumentationImage resolutionMathematical Physicsdrift tubesPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderDrift chamberstrack data analysisMuon spectrometersResolution (electron density)DetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleATLAS:Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Physics: 430::Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]Wire chambers (MWPC Thin-gap chambers drift chambers drift tubes proportional chambers etc)medicine.anatomical_structureCERN LHC Collproportional chambers etc)Gaseous detectors; Muon spectrometers; Particle tracking detectors (gaseous detectors); Wire chambers (MWPC thin-gap chambers drift chambers drift tubes proportional chambers etc)MDT chambersWire chambers (MWPC)LHCcolliding beams [p p]Particle Physics - Experimentp p: scatteringspectrometer [muon]Ciências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 PhysicsParticle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors):Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]610FOS: Physical sciencesdrift chamber [muon]gas [monitoring]programming03 medical and health sciencesOpticsAtlas (anatomy)Muon spectrometer0103 physical sciencesCalibrationmedicinemuon: drift chamberGaseous detectorddc:610drift chambersHigh Energy Physicsspatial resolutionMuonScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryhep-ex:Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430::Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Thin-gap chamberscalibrationmonitoring: gasExperimental High Energy Physicsbusinessp p: colliding beamsmuon: spectrometerexperimental results
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Unveiling Molecular Changes in Water by Small Luminescent Nanoparticles

2017

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MAT2013-47395-C4-1-R and MAT2016-75362-C3-1- R) and by the COST Action CM1403. L.L.-P. thanks the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid for the “Formación de Personal Investigador (FPI-UAM)” program. P.H.-G. thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) for the Juan de la Cierva program. The authors from the University of Belgrade acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project Nos. 45020 and 172056). M.I.M. thanks financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MICINN) Project FIS2015-69…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceEnergy transferwaterNanoparticleNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyion exchange010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyBiomaterialsNanofluid:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]MoleculeGeneral Materials SciencenanofluidsIon exchangeGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesNanocrystalChemical physicsnanoparticlesinterparticle energy transfer0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceBiotechnology
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Manipulation of nanoparticles of different shapes inside a scanning electron microscope

2014

In this work polyhedron-like gold and sphere-like silver nanoparticles (NPs) were manipulated on an oxidized Si substrate to study the dependence of the static friction and the contact area on the particle geometry. Measurements were performed inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM) that was equipped with a high-precision XYZ-nanomanipulator. To register the occurring forces a quartz tuning fork (QTF) with a glued sharp probe was used. Contact areas and static friction forces were calculated by using different models and compared with the experimentally measured force. The effect of NP morphology on the nanoscale friction is discussed.

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanoparticleNanotechnologyscanning electron microscopy (sem)lcsh:Chemical technologylcsh:TechnologyFull Research PaperSilver nanoparticlecontact mechanicsNanotechnologynanomanipulationlcsh:TP1-1185General Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComposite materiallcsh:ScienceNanoscopic scalelcsh:Tnanotribologylcsh:QC1-999NanoscienceContact mechanicsNanotribologynanoparticleslcsh:QContact arealcsh:PhysicsBeilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
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Centrality-dependent forward J/ψ production in high energy proton-nucleus collisions

2016

Forward $J/\psi$ production and suppression in high energy proton-nucleus collisions can be an important probe of gluon saturation. In an earlier work we studied this process in the Color Glass Condensate framework and showed that using the Glauber approach to extrapolate the dipole cross section of a proton to a nucleus leads to results closer to experimental data than previous calculations in this framework. Here we investigate the centrality dependence of the nuclear suppression in this model and show a comparison of our results with recent LHC data.

Work (thermodynamics)Particle physicshigh energyNuclear TheoryProtonQC1-999Nuclear Theory114 Physical sciences01 natural sciences7. Clean energyColor-glass condensateNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesmedicineproton-nucleus collisionsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsPhysicsLarge Hadron Colliderta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsGluonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyDipolemedicine.anatomical_structureJ/ψ productionNucleusGlauberInternational Conference on Physics Opportunities at an Electron-Ion Collider
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Direct Writing on Copper Ion Doped Silica Films by Electrogeneration of Metallic Microstructures

2017

International audience; A facile and rapid localized electrochemical reduction of colloid copper particles is proposed using the scanning electrochemical,microscope (SECM), technique. In this purpose, thin films of composite silica :glass containing copper salts were prepared by the sol-gel method via the dip coating technique. Acid-catalyzed tetraethylorthosilane (TEOS) solutions charged with copper nitrate were used as precursors. This one-pot experiment can be performed in mild conditions. The localized generation of copper metallic nanostructures on silica film has been performed by electroreduction of methyl viologen on an ultramicroelectrode (UME). The UME generates reducing species, …

Working electrodeMaterials scienceInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementUltramicroelectrode02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryElectrochemistrysol-gel process[ CHIM ] Chemical Sciences01 natural sciencesDip-coatingglassesdepositioncolored coatingslaw.inventionColloidlawcolloids[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmmethyl viologenscanning electrochemical microscopeparticlesElectrolysis[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCopper0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGeneral Energychemistry[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistrycoating filmsnanoparticles0210 nano-technology
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Polystyrene nanoparticle-templated hollow titania nanosphere monolayers as ordered scaffolds

2018

We report a novel multi-step method for the preparation of ordered mesoporous titania scaffolds and show an illustrative example of their application to solar cells. The method is based on (monolayer) colloidal nanosphere lithography that makes use of polystyrene nanoparticles organised at a water–air interface and subsequently transferred onto a solid substrate. A titania precursor solution (titanium(IV) isopropoxide in ethanol) is then drop-cast onto the monolayer and left to “incubate” overnight. Surprisingly, instead of the expected inverse monolayer-structure, a subsequent calcination step of the precursor yields an ordered monolayer of hollow titania nanospheres with a wall thickness …

X ray diffractionX ray photoelectron spectroscopySolar cellMonolayer structureWater-air interfaceMonolayerPhase interfaceSettore ING-INF/01NanocrystalPerovskiteNanocrystalline anatasePerovskite solar cellPolystyrene nanoparticlePower conversion efficienciePrecursor solutionNanoparticleTitanium compoundInterfaces (materials)Interfaces (materials); Monolayers; Nanocrystals; Nanoparticles; Nanospheres; Perovskite; Perovskite solar cells; Phase interfaces; Polystyrenes; Scaffolds (biology); Solar cells; Titanium compounds; Titanium dioxide; X ray diffraction; Monolayer structures; Nano Sphere Lithography; Nanocrystalline anatase; Polystyrene nanoparticles; Power conversion efficiencies; Precursor solutions; Titania nanospheres; Water-air interface; X ray photoelectron spectroscopyTitanium dioxideScaffolds (biology)Nano Sphere LithographyNanospherePolystyreneTitania nanosphere
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XIPE: the x-ray imaging polarimetry explorer

2016

XIPE, the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer, is a mission dedicated to X-ray Astronomy. At the time of writing XIPE is in a competitive phase A as fourth medium size mission of ESA (M4). It promises to reopen the polarimetry window in high energy Astrophysics after more than 4 decades thanks to a detector that efficiently exploits the photoelectric effect and to X-ray optics with large effective area. XIPE uniqueness is time-spectrally-spatially- resolved X-ray polarimetry as a breakthrough in high energy astrophysics and fundamental physics. Indeed the payload consists of three Gas Pixel Detectors at the focus of three X-ray optics with a total effective area larger than one XMM mirror bu…

X-ray AstronomyHigh-energy astronomyPolarimetryX-ray opticsX-ray telescopeCondensed Matter Physic01 natural sciencesObservatory0103 physical sciencesPolarimetryElectronicOptical and Magnetic MaterialsSpectral resolutionElectrical and Electronic Engineering010303 astronomy & astrophysicsGas Pixel DetectorPhysicsX-ray astronomyta115X-ray optics010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialApplied MathematicsVegaAstronomyComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionGas Pixel Detector; Polarimetry; X-ray Astronomy; X-ray opticsCondensed Matter PhysicsComputer Science ApplicationsApplied MathematicGas Pixel Detector; Polarimetry; X-ray Astronomy; X-ray optics; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringGas Pixel Detector; Polarimetry; X-ray Astronomy; X-ray optics; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications; Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionX-ray optic
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Study of the structural phase transformation of iron oxide nanoparticles from an Fe2+ ion source by precipitation under various synthesis parameters …

2015

Abstract Magnetite nanoparticles were precipitated from a pure aqueous ferrous salt solution in an air atmosphere. The influence of the solution molarity, the rate of precipitator agent addition, stirring time and annealing temperature was studied. The morphology, crystalline phase purity and magnetic properties of the obtained powders were studied by X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The synthesis conditions were seen to have an effect on phase composition. It was possible to obtain near stoichiometric Fe…

X-ray absorption spectroscopyAqueous solutionMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyScanning electron microscopeAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyDifferential thermal analysisGeneral Materials ScienceIron oxide nanoparticlesPowder diffractionMaterials Chemistry and Physics
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Broadband observations of the X-ray burster 4U1705-44 with Beppo SAX

2016

4U 1705-44 is one of the most-studied type I X-ray burster and Atoll sources. This source represents a perfect candidate to test different models proposed to self-consistently track the physical changes occurring between different spectral states because it shows clear spectral state transitions. The broadband coverage, the sensitivity and energy resolution of the BeppoSAX satellite offers the opportunity to disentangle the components that form the total X-ray spectrum and to study their changes according to the spectral state. Using two BeppoSAX observations carried out in August and October 2000, respectively, for a total effective exposure time of about 100 ks, we study the spectral evol…

X-ray bursterAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)AstrophysicsX-rays: general01 natural sciencesSpectral lineAccretion accretion diskStars: individual: 4U 1705-44Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesBlack-body radiationX-rays: star010303 astronomy & astrophysicsLine (formation)High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsAccretion (meteorology)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicX-rays: binarieStars: neutronNeutron starSpace and Planetary ScienceReflection (physics)individual: 4U 1705-44; Stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general; X-rays: stars; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science [Accretion accretion disks; Stars]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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The LOFT mission concept: a status update

2016

The Large Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) is a mission concept which was proposed to ESA as M3 and M4 candidate in the framework of the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 program. Thanks to the unprecedented combination of effective area and spectral resolution of its main instrument and the uniquely large field of view of its wide field monitor, LOFT will be able to study the behaviour of matter in extreme conditions such as the strong gravitational field in the innermost regions close to black holes and neutron stars and the supra-nuclear densities in the interiors of neutron stars. The science payload is based on a Large Area Detector (LAD, >8m2 effective area, 2-30 keV, 240 eV spectral resolut…

X-ray timing[ SDU.ASTR.GA ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA]Field of viewAstrophysics01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlawObservatorytiming010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQBPhysicsmicrochannel plates. PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAYCALIBRATIONX-ray astronomyElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialApplied MathematicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionX-ray detectorsCondensed Matter Physicscompact objectsX-ray spectroscopy[SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA]spectroscopyCosmic Vision[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]Silicon detectorAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCondensed Matter PhysicTelescopeX-rayX-ray astronomySilicon detectors; spectroscopy; timing; X-ray astronomy; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesElectronic[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpectral resolutionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringDETECTORta115X-ray astronomy Silicon detectors timing spectroscopy010308 nuclear & particles physicsX-ray imagingX-ray timing; X-ray spectroscopy; X-ray imaging; compact objects; X-ray detectors; microchannel plates. PROPORTIONAL COUNTER ARRAY; CALIBRATION; DETECTORApplied MathematicNeutron starQB460-466 AstrophysicsSilicon detectors; spectroscopy; timing; X-ray astronomy; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Computer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Applied Mathematics; Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSilicon detectors; spectroscopy; timing; X-ray astronomySilicon detectorsLarge Observatory For x-ray Timing (LOFT) Large Area Detector (LAD) Wide Field Monitor (WFM) Large Area Silicon Drift Detectors (SDD)Gamma-ray burst
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