Search results for "Pathognomonic"

Klinische Aspekte der "argyrophilic grain disease"

2000

Argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is a frequently occurring degenerative illness of the aging human brain. It is accompanied by progressive pathological alterations of the cytsokeleton which are traceable to an abnormal phosphorylation of the microtubule associated tau protein. Histologically, it is possible with the help of suitable staining techniques to identify pathognomonic spindle-shaped cellular inclusions (argyrophilic grains). These cellular inclusions display a typical cortical as well as subcortical distribution pattern. The goal of the present study is the retrospective evaluation of the clinical findings from 53 individuals with neuropathologically demonstrable AGD-related chang…

Granular nuclear inclusion body disease: Fine structure of tibial muscle and sural nerve

1985

Fine granular (hyaline) intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in perivascular cells of a muscle and a sural nerve biopsy from a 32-year-old woman with slowly progressive motor disturbances. The hyaline nuclear inclusion bodies could be distinguished from other intranuclear hyaline inclusions by their granularity, the size of the granules (approximately 5-15 nm), and the positive iron staining reaction. They were not seen in muscle fibers or Schwann cells. Because of these apparently pathognomonic structural features the patient appears to present a condition that has not been described before.

Review: Neuroradiological aspects of infantile spasms

1987

With the modern noninvasive brain imaging methods, cerebral lesions of different types and degrees can frequently be determined in infants with West syndrome. In CT examinations preceding the spasms and the ACTH therapy, "idiopathic" forms of infantile spasms were rare. The CT findings consistent with perinatal or postnatal encephalopathy were more frequent than those found with embryonic or fetal lesions alone. The fact that pathognomonic changes cannot be determined, may reflect the low specificity of CT diagnosis in infants with chronic CNS diseases. A slight and mostly transient enlargement of CSF spaces during ACTH therapy is a probable side-effect of the medication. In infants with pe…

Infantile spasms—A multidisciplinary challenge

1987

Is it not surpnsmg that we are unaware of an earlier description of infantile spasms (IS) than that of Dr West from 1841 [1] , though this is hardly a new disease? May be, it needed an experienced observer to delineate these paroxysmal behavioral patterns against the background of abnormal psychomotor development. Up to now , we are by no means less puzzled by this manifestation of seizures than our professional forefather. It was only recently that we realized that the West syndrome consists not only of more or less typical serial seizures, usually a pathognomonic EEG pattern, and developmental arrest [2] , but has to be regarded as an encephalopathy [3-5] interfering with virtually all hi…

Acanthocytes in urinary sediment--a pathognomonic marker?

1998

Histology of the Oral Mucosa in Patients With BRONJ at III Stage: A Microscopic Study Proves the Unsuitability of Local Mucosal Flaps.

2012

Background: Bisphosphonate Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) is a newly recognized condition reported in patients treated with aminobisphosphonates (BF). BRONJ is defined as the presence of exposed necrotic alveolar bone that does not resolve over a period of 8 weeks in a patient taking bisphosphonates who has not had radiotherapy to the jaw. Treatment protocols have been outlined, but trials and outcomes of treatment and long-term follow-up data are not yet available. In 2004 an expert panel outlined recommendations for the management of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws. Through the histological study of the oral mucosa over the bone necrosis and around the osteonecrosis …

Kümmell's Disease: Clarifying the Mechanisms and Patients' Inclusion Criteria.

2014

The three major causes of vertebral body collapse include infection, malignant neoplasia, and trauma and it may be difficult to distinguish between them, particularly in the presence of severe osteoporosis. In 1891, however, Dr Hermann Kümmell, further added another possibility of vertebral body crush; the delayed posttraumatic collapse. As originally described, this rare clinical entity includes patients, who after a trivial trauma and an asymptomatic clinical course they develop a progressive vertebral body collapse and a painful kyphosis. Although more than a century has passed from its initial description, only few cases have been reported in the literature, whereas the main pathologic …

Poland’s Syndrome

2020

Poland’s syndrome is a sporadic, congenital thoracic deformity, mostly unilateral, with a wide spectrum of presentation. The thoracic malformations are distinguished on the basis of the anatomical site in which an embryological development alteration has occurred after the fourth week of gestation (Table 3.1) [1]. Poland’s syndrome is a rare congenital and complex anomaly of the development of thoracic muscles, characterized by hypoplasia of the breast and nipple, scarcity of subcutaneous tissue, absence of the costosternal portion of the pectoralis major muscle, lack of the pectoralis minor muscle, aplasia or deformity of the costal cartilages or ribs II to IV or III to V, alopecia of the …

[Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (Grönblad-Strandberg syndrome) and rheumatoid arthritis].

1990

A 72-year-old woman, not previously known to have coronary heart disease, was admitted to hospital with an acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. The history revealed that, when about 40 years of age, a coarse skin-fold and yellowish-white xanthoma-like efflorescences had been noted around her umbilicus, the inguinal regions and axillae. These changes subsequently developed into a pathognomonic picture of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PE), which was a significant factor in the myocardial infarction. At the age of 69 years, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), stage II after Steinbrocker, had been diagnosed on the basis of morning stiffness, symmetrical arthritis in more than three joint regions and t…

Lipoedema – a growing problem in Spain

2021

AbstractLipoedema is a chronic disease frequent in women, that causes an abnormal fat deposition in their lower limbs, with a remarkable disproportion between the upper and lower part of the body, easy bruising and pain. Despite the lack of pathognomonic tests for lipoedema, more and more patients in social networks are claiming they suffer from it, giving the disease more visibility but allowing a lot of fake information about lipoedema. Information for self-care and realistic expectations are important. Depending on the severity, the treatment includes: physical therapies, compression garments, exercise, diet, psychological support and surgical treatment.