Search results for "Pathology"
showing 10 items of 8489 documents
Techniques culinaires et confort en bouche chez la personne âgée
2020
Culinary processes and food comfortability in an older population Aging is often accompanied by oral impairments, including the loss of teeth and a decline in saliva flow. These changes can lead older people to avoid the consumption of foods that are difficult to chew such as meat. This may consequently increase the risk of sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass, strength and performance) as well as the risk of protein-energy undernutrition in this population. In order to compensate the decline in oral health observed in older individual and to maintain meat consumption, we assessed the impact of four culinary processes (cooking bag, tenderizer, marinade and low-temperature cooking) on the percept…
Caractérisation et prévention des conséquences d’un syndrome métabolique dans la rétine
2018
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) results from carbohydrate and lipid disorders that originate from misbalanced energy metabolism. MetS is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes that, in pathophysiological conditions, is characterized by vascular alterations, particularly in the retina, creating the diabetic retinopathy (DR). Despite it presents a barrier limiting the input of blood factors, the retina is under metabolic variations. The consequences of MetS in the retina have not been characterized. MetS would be responsible for the inflammation and microvascular alterations in the retina and could participate to the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A diet rich in omega-3 long chai…
Maternal n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids increase n-3 fatty acids in brain glial cells and retina in the rat and improve rod sensitivity
2007
International audience; Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) given to female rats during gestation and lactation on the incorporation of n-3 PUFA in the retina and brain glial cells of the newborn rat, and to evaluate the consequences on the electroretinographic (ERG) response. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were fed during gestation and lactation with a 20%-lipid rich diet containing 0.75% of EPA and 0.55% of DHA. The fatty acid profile was analyzed in the eyeball and in brain glial cells of the litters sacrificed at birth. The retina and brain glial cell phospholipids were similarly analyzed in 14 day-old rats and in the mothers. Standard…
Donne autrici o vittime di reato? Un’indagine sull’efficacia delle misure alternative nei percorsi di recupero delle detenute nel contesto agrigentino
2015
Nel senso comune la pena detentiva e considerata un elemento inevitabile della so¬cieta contemporanea. Essa continua ad essere percepita nell’immaginario collettivo come uno strumento di segregazione per coloro che sono riconosciuti colpevoli di particolari reati. I principi classici della prontezza, proporzionalita, infallibilita e dolcezza della pena non si identificano oggi esclusivamente con un edificio – la prigione – ma, sempre piu di frequente, con strumenti alternativi e piu efficaci per il recupero e la risocializzazione del soggetto. Proprio in questi decenni in cui l’intreccio fra poverta, penalita ed esclusione sociale diviene sempre piu evidente, l’afflizione a cui il singolo e…
Differences in intercellular communication during clinical relapse and gadolinium-enhanced MRI in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosi…
2018
This study was designed based on the hypothesis that changes in both the levels and surface marker expression of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be associated with the clinical form, disease activity, and severity of multiple sclerosis (MS). The analyzes were performed on subjects affected by MS or other neurological disorders. EVs, which were isolated by ultracentrifugation of CSF samples, were characterized by flow cytometry. A panel of fluorescent antibodies was used to identify the EV origin: CD4, CCR3, CCR5, CD19, and CD200, as well as isolectin IB4. The Mann–Whitney U-test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for statistical analyzes. EVs isol…
Type 1 macular telangiectasia
2018
L’identification à l’examen clinique de petites dilatations anévrismales et d’ectasies paracentrales fait évoquer le diagnostic de télangiectasies maculaires. Celles-ci sont le plus souvent secondaires à une pathologie, notamment au diabète, aux occlusions veineuses, aux vascularites, à un néovaisseau choroïdien de type 3, etc. Le contexte et le reste de l’examen identifieront généralement l’affection primitive. Les télangiectasies maculaires de type 1 (MacTel 1) sont idiopathiques sans cause retrouvée. Ce sont des affections rares, en grande majorité unilatérales, touchant préférentiellement l’homme d’âge moyen (1).
Retinal Detachments Following Successful Idiopathic Macular Holes Surgery
2009
Purpose: : To evaluate long term outcome of successfully operated idiopathic macular holes (IMH).Methods: : We conducted a comparative retrospective case series in two academic centers. IMH were operated with pars plana vitrectomy, intravitreal gas and internal limiting membrane peeling between 2002 and 2005. All these macular holes were analyzed with Stratus OCT before and after the surgery. We divided them into 4 groups: group 1: vitrectomy in pseudophakic eyes; group 2: vitrectomy and cataract extraction as a combined procedure; group 3: vitrectomy followed by cataract extraction; group 4: vitrectomy in pseudophakic eyes. We noted the anatomical and functional results and we studied seri…
Des saveurs aux récepteurs : une histoire de goût
2015
Journal AFDIAG Infos = Magazine d’informations trimestriel de l'Association qui paraît 4 fois par an.Les publications sont réservées aux adhérents de l’AFDIAG et aux médecins.; De nombreux sens régissent notre comportement alimentaire. Parmi eux, la gustation joue un rôle déterminant pour orienter nos choix culinaires. Le sens du goût nous est familier et pourtant, il constitue un des sens les plus complexes. Depuis une dizaine d’années néanmoins, de notables progrès ont été réalisés dans sa connaissance, depuis la découverte des récepteurs gustatifs jusqu’à l’identification des gènes responsables de nos différences de préférences gustatives.
Los nombres del hambre. La construcción de las categorías médicas de la malnutrición
2012
Durant el període entre guerres, la fisiologia de la nutrició va incorporar un ampli coneixement experimental sobre calories, nutrients, vitamines i minerals. Les catàstrofes bèl·liques i les crisis econòmiques del període entre guerres varen estendre la fam en moltes zones del món. Les situacions extremes (refugiats, malalts, aturats, internats als camps de concentració) van propiciar les estratègies de racionament i també l’estudi dels símptomes de la fam, la seua dimensió clínica, els tipus de malalties i la malnutrició aguda. El present article analitza la construcció d’un saber mèdic sobre les conseqüències patològiques de la fam i la construcció mèdica del concepte de malnutrició.
Efficacy of the laser at low intensity on primary burning oral syndrome: a systematic review.
2020
Background Primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic clinical condition of idiopathic mainly characterized by pain and a burning sensation in the oral cavity. The application of laser at low intensity therapy is a treatment option. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy of laser therapy in treating symptoms of burning mouth syndrome. Material and Methods The study was formulated according to the PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines. Seven databases were used as primary sources of research. Only randomized controlled clinical trials were included. The efficacy of the therapy was estimated comparing the values of the visual and numerical scales of pain before and after laser treatmen…