Search results for "Pathway"
showing 10 items of 1685 documents
Mode of action of herbicidal derivatives of aminomethylenebisphosphonic acid. Part II. Reversal of herbicidal action by aromatic amino acids
1997
The herbicidal action of N-pyridylaminomethylenebisphosphonic acids is accompanied by an impairment of anthocyanin biosynthesis. This suggests that they might act as inhibitors of some steps in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis. Herbicidal effects were reversed by aromatic amino acids using both bacterial and plant models, a finding that strongly supports this hypothesis. Structural features of these compounds suggest the sixth enzyme in the shikimate pathway 5-enol-pyruvoylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase as a possible target, since a strong structural similarity exists between aminomethylenebisphosphonic acid and an inhibitor of EPSP synthase, the herbicide glyphosate. This is, howeve…
Relationship between Metabolic Fluxes and Sequence-Derived Properties of Enzymes
2014
Metabolic fluxes are key parameters of metabolic pathways being closely related to the kinetic properties of enzymes, thereby could be dependent on. This study examines possible relationships between the metabolic fluxes and the physical-chemical/structural features of enzymes from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae glycolysis pathway. Metabolic fluxes were quantified by the COPASI tool using the kinetic models of Hynne and Teusink at varied concentrations of external glucose. The enzyme sequences were taken from the UniProtKB and the average amino acid (AA) properties were computed using the set of Georgiev’s uncorrelated scales that satisfy the VARIMAX criterion and specific AA indices th…
The Anaphylatoxic Peptide C3a of Guinea Pig Complement
1978
Abstract Highly purified guinea pig C3a was obtained after specific cleavage of isolated C3 by the alternative pathway enzyme VF-B in a one step procedure. It turned out to be a low molecular weight peptide with basic character (M.W. 9500; isoelectric point above 9.4). C3a represents an antigenetic determinant of its own in the native C3 molecule, different from the B determinant. Guinea pig C3a is resistant to 100°C for 10 minutes. Its smooth muscle contracting activity can be destroyed by trypsin and carboxypeptidase B. These findings indicate that guinea pig C3a is quite similar to human C3a.
Determination of the stability of protein pools from the cell wall of fungi.
2002
Stability of the protein populations present in the cell wall of three ascomycetous fungi Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica was investigated. Cell wall proteins were either labeled with biotin or radiolabeled with amino acids, and chased for a period of time representing several generations. Proteins linked by non-covalent or covalent bonds were separated and their turnover was analyzed. No significant turnover took place during the chase period, and in fact radioactive proteins were accumulated in the wall during the period possibly by transfer through the secretory pathway. This transfer did not involve de novo protein synthesis; it was inhibited by azide,…
C1q
2000
Publisher Summary This chapter provides information to the physical properties, structure, and function of C1q protein. This protein is made up of three individual polypeptide chains, A, B and C, which are synthesized as pre-molecules with 22, 25, and 28 amino acid leader sequences, respectively. C1q has a characteristic appearance under the electron microscope, with six globular heads connected by six collagen-like stalks forming a central fibril stem. Glucosylgalactosyl disaccharide units are linked to certain hydroxylysine residues in the collagen regions of all three chains. C1q has a critical function in host defense and clearance of immune complexes. Antibody-independent activation of…
Evidence for the plant-specific intercellular transport of the Arabidopsis copper chaperone CCH
2001
Summary Arabidopsis copper chaperone (CCH) belongs to a family of eukaryotic proteins that participates in intracellular copper homeostasis by delivering this metal to the secretory pathway. In this work we show that the CCH protein is mainly located along the vascular bundles of senescing leaves and petioles, as shown by tissue prints and immunohistochemical detection. CCH protein also accumulates in stem sieve elements and is collected in phloem exudates. Accordingly, Arabidopsis CCH is the only member of the metallochaperone family described to function intercellularly to date. Moreover, the CCH protein remains stable when plants are subjected to excess copper that causes a rapid and spe…
A barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) LEA3 protein, HVA1, is abundant in protein storage vacuoles
1996
The HVA1 protein belongs to the LEA3 group, which is expressed during the late stage of seed maturation. It is also induced by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and a variety of environmental stresses in germinating barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In the present work, the potential role of HVA1 was investigated by studying its tissue distribution and subcellular localization in mature and stressed seeds by immuno-microscopic methods. In the mature seed, HVA1 protein was detected in all tissues except the non-living starchy endosperm. During germination the amount of HVA1 protein decreased but did not totally disappear. Incubation with 100 μM ABA, cold treatment or drought stress dramatically incre…
The hedgehog receptor patched is involved in cholesterol transport.
2011
International audience; BACKGROUND: Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling plays a crucial role in growth and patterning during embryonic development, and also in stem cell maintenance and tissue regeneration in adults. Aberrant Shh pathway activation is involved in the development of many tumors, and one of the most affected Shh signaling steps found in these tumors is the regulation of the signaling receptor Smoothened by the Shh receptor Patched. In the present work, we investigated Patched activity and the mechanism by which Patched inhibits Smoothened. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using the well-known Shh-responding cell line of mouse fibroblasts NIH 3T3, we first observed that enhancement …
Invasive Alien Species and Their Effects on Marine Animal Forests
2020
Nonindigenous species are increasingly transported around the world through multiple pathways by a diversity of vectors. Invasive species are a subset of those that are introduced into the receptor community, where they establish and increase their population to a size where they impact the native system. Marine invasive species can therefore interact with and modify native animal forests and/or create novel ones resulting in simple-to-complex changes in material cycling, energy flow, ecosystem structure, and function. Despite the ever increasing number of studies dealing with marine invasive species, mostly biological invasions are mentioned generically as one of a number of threats of dir…
Cancer Signaling Transcriptome Is Upregulated in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
2020
We aimed to explore the differences in the whole transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells between elderly individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). We conducted a microarray-based transcriptome analysis of 19 individuals with T2D and 15 without. Differentially expressed genes according to linear models were submitted to the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis system to conduct a functional enrichment analysis. We established that diseases, biological functions, and canonical signaling pathways were significantly associated with T2D patients when their logarithms of Benjamini&ndash