Search results for "Peptic"
showing 10 items of 34 documents
Pantoprazole: from drug metabolism to clinical relevance.
2008
Conditions requiring inhibition of acid secretion, such as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD), peptic ulcers, non-ulcer dyspepsia or the use of NSAIDs, are very common, and their prevalence is expecting to rise as they are seen predominantly amongst the elderly. Among the drugs available to inhibit acid secretion, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) have been shown to have the best efficacy-safety ratio and have been used widely.This paper was intended to provide an overall presentation of one of these PPIs, pantoprazole.This study was first intended to give an overview of pantoprazole, so a Medline search was conducted using pantoprazole as unique search term, without publication date restr…
Barium study associated with water siphon test in gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications.
2007
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of digital cineradiography associated with the water siphon test (WST) in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux and to compare the results with oesophageal motility study, pH monitoring and endoscopy associated with biopsy and histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty consecutive patients underwent digital cineradiography with WST, motility study, pH monitoring and endoscopy with biopsy. The presence of gastroesophageal reflux, oesophagitis, Barrett''s oesophagus and intestinal metaplasia was evaluated. RESULTS: WST vs. pH monitoring showed sensitivity of 71%, specificity of 31%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 53% …
Delayed-Onset Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Presenting as Oesophageal Peptic Stricture
2012
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is an infrequent cause of vomiting and weight loss due to compression of the third part of the duodenum by the SMA. We describe the case of a 17-year-old woman, admitted to our department for progressive dysphagia and severe weight loss due to an oesophageal peptic stricture, caused by chronic acid reflux secondary to duodenal compression by the SMA. Symptoms improved after (par)enteral nutrition and repeated oesophageal dilatation, thus supporting the role of intensive medical and endoscopic intervention as an alternative to surgery, at least in some cases.
High-definition endoscopy with i-Scan and Lugol’s solution for more precise detection of mucosal breaks in patients with reflux symptoms
2009
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease are subdivided into non-erosive (NERD) and erosive reflux disease (ERD). The newly available EPKi processor enables high-definition resolution above HDTV standard (HD+). The aim of the study was to test the efficacy of HD+ esophagogastroduodenoscopy alone and in conjunction with i-Scan (newly developed postprocessing digital filter) and chromoendoscopy (Lugol’s solution) for differentiation of reflux patients. METHODS: The distal esophagus of patients with heartburn was inspected with three imaging modalities. HD+ was followed by i-Scan and 15-mL Lugol’s solution (1.5 %). The esophagus was evaluated for mucosal breaks …
Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in patients with cirrhosis: Extending the range of detection beyond portal hypertension
2010
Background: Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy is currently recommended for the screening of varices in cirrhosis. In addition to the assessment of varices, oesophagogastroduodenoscopy can detect conditions that, while unrelated to portal hypertension, may require treatment. Aims: We evaluated in a large cohort of cirrhotic patients the prevalence of upper digestive findings other than oesophagogastric varices, the associations between upper gastrointestinal findings, portal hypertension and features of cirrhosis, and the incidence of new lesions in the course of a surveillance program. Methods: Analysis of the records of 611 consecutive cirrhotic patients undergoing oesophagogastroduodenoscopy fo…
Esophageal abnormalities in morbidly obese adult patients.
2015
Abstract Background An increase in body mass index has been found to be associated with an increase in the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms, esophageal mucosal injury, and GERD complications. Few systematic studies with objective tests have evaluated esophageal disorders in the morbidly obese population. Objectives To define more precisely in morbidly obese people the incidence of esophageal symptoms and characterize the esophageal disorders using objective data. Setting University Hospital, Spain. Methods Two hundred twenty-four presurgical morbidly obese patients were submitted to a protocol including a clinical history and objective tests (endoscopy, stationa…
Helicobacter pylori infection does not affect the early rebleeding rate in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding after successful endoscopic hemostasis…
2003
Background and study aims Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection can reduce the rebleeding rate of peptic ulcer bleeding in the long term. There are few data on the influence of H. pylori on the rebleeding rate in the acute phase of bleeding however. We therefore prospectively investigated the influence of H. pylori infection on the early rebleeding rate in patients who had undergone successful endoscopic hemostasis treatment for peptic ulcer bleeding. Patients and methods Between January 1996 and November 2000 all patients with peptic ulcer bleeding were evaluated consecutively. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection was made at index endoscopy, using histology and the rapid urease tes…
Helicobacter pyloriinfection and nonmalignant diseases
2017
A substantial decrease in Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcer disease has been observed during the last decades. Drug-related ulcers as well as idiopathic ulcers are becoming predominant and are more refractory to treatment; however, H. pylori infection still plays an important role in ulcer bleeding and recurrence after therapy. The effect of H. pylori eradication upon functional dyspepsia symptoms has been reviewed in this article and generally confirms the results of previous meta-analyses. Additional evidence suggests a lack of impact upon the quality of life, in spite of improvement in symptoms. The association of H. pylori with gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's eso…
Studies on the gastric anti-ulcer activity of hypolaetin-8-glucoside
1988
The gastric anti-ulcer activity of hypolaetin-8-O-β-D-glucoside (H-8-G), a flavonoid isolated from Sideritis leucantha, has been studied in rats. This compound significantly reduced gastric lesions induced by ethanol or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), with an increase in mucus production. In the pylorus-ligated rat, H-8-G did not affect the volume of gastric secretion but decreased its acidity and peptic activity. The anti-ulcer activity of this flavonoid does not depend on stimulation of cell proliferation in the rat gastric mucosa. Our results suggest that H-8-G activity is related to its cytoprotective effects [mediated by endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) and associated to an increase in gast…
Clinical pharmacology and safety profile of esomeprazole, the first enantiomerically pure proton pump inhibitor
2001
Awareness of important differences in the pharmacological profile of individual optical isomers of chiral drugs led to the development of esomeprazole, the S-isomer of omeprazole, a new pharmacological entity designed to improve the clinical outcome of available proton pump inhibitors in the management of acid-related disorders. The superior acid control achieved by esomeprazole is mainly due to an advantageous metabolism compared with racemate omeprazole, leading to improved bioavailability and to enhanced delivery of the drug to the gastric proton pump.