Search results for "Percentile"
showing 10 items of 103 documents
Estimators and confidence intervals of f2 using bootstrap methodology for the comparison of dissolution profiles
2021
Abstract Background and objectives: The most widely used method to compare dissolution profiles is the similarity factor f 2 . When this method is not applicable, the confidence interval of f 2 using bootstrap methodology has been recommended instead. As neither details of the estimator nor the types of confidence intervals are described in the guidelines, the suitability of five estimators and fourteen types of confidence intervals were investigated in this study by simulation. Methods: One million individual dissolution profiles were simulated for the reference and test populations with predefined target population f 2 values, where random samples of different sizes were drawn without rep…
Neumotórax espontáneo y presión atmosférica
2002
In order to assess factors associated with spontaneous pneumothorax (SP), mainly climatic changes, a prospective study was undertaken of 62 SP episodes among patients admitted to our hospital during a two-year period, from January 1994 to January 1996. Atmospheric pressure (AP) changes were analyzed, with daily recording of the number of unusual changes in AP (increases above 95th percentile and decreases below 5th percentile) and how many of these changes were followed by some episode of spontaneous pneumothorax during the following five days. To measure the degree of this association between the emergence of pneumothorax and exposure to unusual changes I AP, the relative risk (RR) was cal…
Comparison of free software platforms for the calculation of the 90% confidence interval of f2 similarity factor by bootstrap analysis
2020
Abstract Introduction The calculation of the 90% confidence interval of f2 based on the bootstrap methodology has been proposed and accepted by the main regulatory authorities when the dissolution data shows excessive variability. Different free software platforms allow the calculation of the 90% CI of f2 by means of bootstrapping. Their use in regulatory submissions is growing, but divergent results have been observed between the available software platforms. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the characteristics of these software platforms and evaluate their results. Methods and materials Highly variable in vitro dissolution data from two products were selected. Three dif…
The impact of school-day variation in weight and height on National Child Measurement Programme body mass index-determined weight category in Year 6 …
2011
Background In England, the National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) annually measures the weight and height of Year 6 school children (age 10–11 years). While measurement protocols are defined, the time of measurement within the school day is not. This study examined the impact of school-day variation in weight and height on NCMP body mass index (BMI)-determined weight category in Year 6 children. Methods Standing height and weight were measured in morning and afternoon sessions in 74 children, boys (n= 34; height: 141.16 ± 7.45 cm; weight: 36.48 ± 9.46 kg, BMI: 18.19 ± 3.98 kg/m2) and girls (n= 40; height: 144.58 ± 7.66 cm; weight: 42.25 ± 11.29 kg; BMI: 19.97 ± 3.98 kg/m2) aged 11 ± 0.…
Non-Gaussian Distribution for Var Calculation
2003
Publisher Summary This chapter compares different approaches to computing Value-at-Risk (VaR) for heavy tailed return series. Each model has been submitted to a backtest analysis. The most representative asset returns of the Italian stock market and the exchange rates for the major currencies are used. The results obtained confirm that when the percentiles are below 5%, the hypothesis of normality of the conditional return distribution determines intervals of confidence whose forecast ability is low. In fact, it is observed that the return distributions are asymmetric and leptokurtic and the hypothesis of normality is usually rejected when subject to statistical test. Among the alternative …
Test-retest reliability data of functional performance, strength, peak torque and body composition assessments in two different age groups of Kosovan…
2021
This article reports test-retest reliability data of laboratory- and field-based performance tests as well as body composition analyses of younger and older Kosovan adults. In total, 57 healthy young (18–35 years) and 61 older (>60 years) participants took part in two identical test sessions, with a median [25th – 75th percentile] of 14 [13–21] days in between. Functional performance tests included 30-s chair stand test (CST), 30-s arm curl test (ACT), six-minutes walking test (6MWT), sit and reach test, timed up and go test (TUG), as well as the assessment of gait speed (GS) at normal and fast pace. Isometric handgrip strength (HGS) was used to estimate strength of the dominant hand. Isoki…
Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) in the General Colombian Population
2021
(1) Background: Diener’s Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences (SPANE) assesses the presence and intensity of positive and negative affects, since these are considered basic aspects of the study of well-being. This article studies its psychometric properties in the general Colombian population. (2) We conducted a cross-sectional study of a sample of 1255 Colombians and we used structural equation modeling to confirm the bifactor structure. Additionally, we studied invariance by gender, and convergent and concurrent validity. (3) We found acceptable fit indicators for the bifactor model (CFI = 0.889, RMSEA = 0.046, SRMR = 0.059) as well as for the convergent (CFI = 0.909, RMSEA = 0.050,…
CAT score single item analysis in patients with COPD: results from COSYCONET
2019
Abstract The COPD Assessment Test (CAT) is in widespread use for the evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We assessed whether the CAT items carry additional information beyond the sum score regarding COPD characteristics including emphysema. Patients of GOLD grades 1 to 4 from the COPD cohort COSYCONET (German COPD and Systemic Consequences - Comorbidities Network) with complete CAT data were included (n = 2270), of whom 493 had chest CT evaluated for the presence of emphysema. Comorbidities and lung function were assessed following standardised procedures. Cross-sectional data analysis was based on multiple regression analysis of the single CAT items ag…
Alternative ways of expressing FEV1 and mortality in elderly people with and without COPD
2013
Expressing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) as % predicted relies on the assumption of proportional variability and generalisability of prediction equations that may be unrealistic, especially for elderly people. We evaluated the prognostic implications of alternative ways of expressing FEV1. We enrolled 318 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 475 controls in the Salute Respiratoria nell'Anziano (SARA) study. The risk for 5-, 10- and 15-year mortality associated with FEV1 was studied by expressing FEV1 % pred, standardised by height cubed (FEV1 · Ht(-3)) and as a multiple of the sex-specific first percentile (FEV1 quotient (FEV1Q)). In the group with COPD, t…
Clinicians in 25 countries prefer to use lower levels of oxygen to resuscitate preterm infants at birth.
2016
Aim This study determined current international clinical practice and opinions regarding initial fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) and pulse oximetry (SpO2) targets for delivery room resuscitation of preterm infants of less than 29 weeks of gestation. Methods An online survey was disseminated to neonatal clinicians via established professional clinical networks using a web-based survey programme between March 9 and June 30, 2015. Results Of the 630 responses from 25 countries, 60% were from neonatologists. The majority (77%) would target SpO2 between the 10th to 50th percentiles values for full-term infants. The median starting FiO2 was 0.3, with Japan using the highest (0.4) and the UK usi…