Search results for "Percept"
showing 10 items of 3839 documents
Influence of composition(CO2 and Sugar) on aroma release and perception of mint-flavored carbonated beverages
2009
The aim of the present work was to identify and quantify physical mechanisms responsible for in-nose aroma release during the consumption of mint-flavored carbonated beverages in order to better understand how they are perceived. The effect of two composition factors (sugar and CO(2)) was investigated on both the sensory and physicochemical properties of drinks by studying in vitro and in vivo aroma release. Sensory results revealed that the presence of CO(2) increased aroma perception regardless of the sugar content. In agreement with volatility parameters, in vivo measurements showed that carbonated drinks released a greater quantity of aroma compounds in the nose space than non-carbonate…
Extraction of objects from structured backgrounds in the cat superior colliculus. Part II
1980
Specific changes occur in the cells of the uppers layers of the cat's superior colliculus when a two dimensional noise (background) is superimposed onto a deterministic signal (spot of light). Some of the measurements can be interpreted as meaning that some cells only react to certain relative movements of object (spot) and background (noise). The movement of the visual background is interpreted as environmental movement occurring due to the animal's own movement. The results of the measurements provide all the necessary presuppositions for a distinction between the animal's own velocity and that of the object (Part I). The experimental results can be interpreted with a model. The essential…
Deep learning approach for prediction of impact peak appearance at ground reaction force signal of running activity
2020
Protruding impact peak is one of the features of vertical ground reaction force (GRF) that is related to injury risk while running. The present research is dedicated to predicting GRF impact peak appearance by setting a binary classification problem. Kinematic data, namely a number of raw signals in the sagittal plane, collected by the Vicon motion capture system (Oxford Metrics Group, UK) were employed as predictors. Therefore, the input data for the predictive model are presented as a multi-channel time series. Deep learning techniques, namely five convolutional neural network (CNN) models were applied to the binary classification analysis, based on a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) classifi…
Machine Learning Methods for One-Session Ahead Prediction of Accesses to Page Categories
2004
This paper presents a comparison among several well-known machine learning techniques when they are used to carry out a one-session ahead prediction of page categories. We use records belonging to 18 different categories accessed by users on the citizen web portal Infoville XXI. Our first approach is focused on predicting the frequency of accesses (normalized to the unity) corresponding to the user’s next session. We have utilized Associative Memories (AMs), Classification and Regression Trees (CARTs), Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs), and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). The Success Ratio (SR) averaged over all services is higher than 80% using any of these techniques. Nevertheless, given the …
An AI Walk from Pharmacokinetics to Marketing
2009
This work is intended for providing a review of reallife practical applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods. We focus on the use of Machine Learning (ML) methods applied to rather real problems than synthetic problems with standard and controlled environment. In particular, we will describe the following problems in next sections: • Optimization of Erythropoietin (EPO) dosages in anaemic patients undergoing Chronic Renal Failure (CRF). • Optimization of a recommender system for citizen web portal users. • Optimization of a marketing campaign. The choice of these problems is due to their relevance and their heterogeneity. This heterogeneity shows the capabilities and versatility …
Analogy Construction and Success in Mathematics and Science Problem-solving: a Study with Secondary Students // Construcción de analogías y éxito en …
2012
We conducted an empirical study to analyse the association between students’ perception of surface and structural analogies between problems, and their algebraic success. Different surface and structural relationships between one ‘source’ problem and ‘target’ problems were considered. We also considered high (daily life) and low (scientific) familiarity contexts. Algebraic success was measured by the equations selected to solve each problem. Similarities and differences between problems were explicitly asked to students. Results showed a significant correlation between detecting the correct structural relation between problems and selecting the correct equations to solve them. Low familiari…
Fashion versus perception: the impact of surface lightness on the perceived dimensions of interior space.
2011
Objectives: We compare expert opinion with perceptual judgment regarding the influence of color on the perceived height and width of interior rooms. Background: We hypothesize that contrary to popular belief, ceiling and wall lightness have additive effects on perceived height, whereas the lightness contrast between these surfaces is less important. We assessed the intuitions of architectural experts as to which surface colors maximize apparent height and compared these intuitions with psychophysical height and width estimates for rooms differing in ceiling, floor, and wall lightness. Method: Experiment 1 was a survey of architectural experts and nonexperts. Experiments 2 and 3 presented v…
Biologically Inspired Model for Inference of 3D Shape from Texture.
2015
A biologically inspired model architecture for inferring 3D shape from texture is proposed. The model is hierarchically organized into modules roughly corresponding to visual cortical areas in the ventral stream. Initial orientation selective filtering decomposes the input into low-level orientation and spatial frequency representations. Grouping of spatially anisotropic orientation responses builds sketch-like representations of surface shape. Gradients in orientation fields and subsequent integration infers local surface geometry and globally consistent 3D depth. From the distributions in orientation responses summed in frequency, an estimate of the tilt and slant of the local surface can…
Contour/Outline/Silhouette
2020
The contour is the locus at which the parts of opaque solid objects appear to form an edge because it corresponds for the viewer to the projection of the rim, namely the curve that divides the surfaces into visible and invisible parts. The rim between the visible front and the invisible rear side is projected onto the contour that is the envelope of all the curves of equal depth. Although the rim and the contour run into depth, they are distinct concepts that regard the object-centred and the viewer-centred description. The outline is the boundary of the surface delimited by the contour, which fills a spatial region. Rubin (1921) discovered the property that allows the contour and the outli…
Special Issue: Sustainability and risk perception: multidisciplinary approaches
2021
Leonardo Mercatanti and Gaetano Sabato were guest editors of a special issue of the peer-reviewed journal AIMS Geoscience "Sustainability and risk perception: multidisciplinary approaches". Within the scientific discourse of Geography and Social Sciences, the concepts of “sustainability” and “risk perception” often represent two complementary issues of the same dynamic. One mutually implies the other in different and complex ways and yet they are often dealt as two separate matters. Approaching the latter together as part of the same dialectical process, however allows us to gain a better insight on their interaction. For example, if we consider that risk perception implies forms of power …