Search results for "Perl"

showing 10 items of 383 documents

Accessing finite momentum excitations of the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model using superlattice modulation spectroscopy

2018

We investigate the response to superlattice modulation of a bosonic quantum gas confined to arrays of tubes emulating the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model. We demonstrate, using both time-dependent density matrix renormalization group and linear response theory, that such a superlattice modulation gives access to the excitation spectrum of the Bose-Hubbard model at finite momenta. Deep in the Mott-insulator, the response is characterized by a narrow energy absorption peak at a frequency approximately corresponding to the onsite interaction strength between bosons. This spectroscopic technique thus allows for an accurate measurement of the effective value of the interaction strength. On th…

BosonizationPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesCondensed matter physics[PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas]Density matrix renormalization groupMott insulatorSuperlatticeFOS: Physical sciencesBose–Hubbard model01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010305 fluids & plasmasSuperfluidityBose-Hubbard modelQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Atomic and Molecular PhysicsDMRG0103 physical sciencesBosonizationand Optics010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesFrequency modulationBoson
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Phoxonic Hybrid Superlattice

2015

We studied experimentally and theoretically the direction-dependent elastic and electromagnetic wave propagation in a supported film of hybrid PMMA (poly[methyl-methacrylate])-TiO2 superlattice (SL). In the direction normal to the layers, this one-dimensional periodic structure opens propagation band gaps for both hypersonic (GHz) phonons and near-UV photons. The high mismatch of elastic and optical impedance results in a large dual phoxonic band gap. The presence of defects inherent to the spin-coating fabrication technique is sensitively manifested in the band gap region. Utilizing Brillouin light scattering, phonon propagation along the layers was observed to be distinctly different from…

Brillouin zonePhotonMaterials scienceBrillouin SpectroscopyWave propagationbusiness.industryBand gapPhononSuperlatticeOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials SciencebusinessLight scatteringACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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Polyvascular subclinical atherosclerosis in familial hypercholesterolemia: The role of cholesterol burden and gender

2019

International audience; BACKGROUND AND AIM:Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is a genetic disease characterized by a heterogeneous phenotype. The assessment of cardiovascular (CV) risk is challenging for HeFH. Cholesterol burden (CB) allows to estimate the lifelong exposure to high levels of cholesterol. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of subclinical atherosclerosis and the relationship between atherosclerosis and the CB in a sample of HeFH patients, focusing on sex-related differences.METHODS AND RESULTS:154 asymptomatic HeFH subjects underwent coronary-artery-calcium score (CACs) and Doppler ultrasound of carotid and femoral arteries. Yearly lipid pro…

Carotid Artery DiseasesMaleCarotid atherosclerosisPeripheral arterial atherosclerosisTime Factors[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedicine (miscellaneous)Coronary Artery DiseaseDiseaseFamilial hypercholesterolemia030204 cardiovascular system & hematologySeverity of Illness Indexchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsAtherosclerosis; Calcium score; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular risk; Cholesterol burden; Coronary artery calcium; Familial hypercholesterolemia; Peripheral arterial atherosclerosis; Adult; Aged; Asymptomatic Diseases; Biomarkers; Carotid Artery Diseases; Cholesterol; Coronary Artery Disease; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Femoral Artery; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II; Male; Middle Aged; Paris; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Phenotype; Prevalence; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Time Factors; Young AdultPrevalenceMedicineNutrition and Dietetics[SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolismMiddle AgedPrognosisCardiovascular diseaseCalcium score3. Good healthFemoral ArteryCholesterol burdenCholesterolPhenotypeAtherosclerosiCardiologyPopulation studyFemalemedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAdultParismedicine.medical_specialtyFamilial hypercholesterolemia030209 endocrinology & metabolismRisk AssessmentAsymptomaticCoronary artery calciumHigh cholesterolHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIPeripheral Arterial DiseaseYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesSex Factors[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular systemInternal medicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseAgedbusiness.industryCholesterolAtherosclerosismedicine.diseaseCardiovascular riskCross-Sectional StudieschemistrySubclinical atherosclerosisAsymptomatic DiseasesbusinessBiomarkers
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Plasma non-cholesterol sterols: a useful diagnostic tool in pediatric hypercholesterolemia.

2010

Current guidelines strongly recommend the identification of genetic forms of hypercholesterolemia (HC) during childhood. The usefulness of non–cholesterol sterols (NCS) in the diagnosis of genetic HC has not been fully explored. Plasma NCS were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in 113 children with hypercholesterolemia affected by: autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH), familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), polygenic hypercholesterolemia (PHC), and in 79 controls to evaluate: i) plasma NCS profile in different genetic HC and ii) the usefulness of NCS for the diagnosis of HC beyond current clinical criteria. ADH was characterized by raised lathosterol/total …

Cholesterol synthesisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyMultifactorial InheritanceSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAdolescentHyperlipidemia Familial CombinedLathosterolIncreased Cholesterol Synthesisbehavioral disciplines and activitiesGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIchemistry.chemical_compoundPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicineBlood plasmaMedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseChildhypercholesterolemiabusiness.industryCholesterolDiscriminant AnalysisPhytosterolsSitosterolsSterolFamilial combined hyperlipidemiaSterolsEndocrinologypediatricCholesterolchemistryItalyCase-Control StudiesPediatrics Perinatology and Child Healthlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)FemalebusinessBiomarkersLipoproteinPediatric research
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Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia

2000

We have developed a new nonradioactive assay to identify human low-density lipoprotein receptor defects. It is based on the incubation of cultured cells with colloidal gold-LDL conjugates and quantitation of the gold associated with the cells by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. After an oxidative treatment with nitric and hydrochloric acids, the biological matrix interferes neither with the gold recovery nor with the gold measurements, which are linear, at least from 0.15 to 3 ng of gold. When cells expressing a functional LDL receptor are incubated with increasing amounts of colloidal-gold LDL conjugates, the obtained saturation curve parallels that described when [125I]LDL i…

ChromatographyChemistrySpectrophotometry AtomicCholesterol LDLGold ColloidFamilial hypercholesterolemiamedicine.diseaseLigand (biochemistry)Analytical ChemistryHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIMatrix (chemical analysis)PhenotypeReceptors LDLBiochemistryCell cultureCOS CellsLDL receptormedicineAnimalsHumansSaturation vapor curveReceptorLipoproteinAnalytical Chemistry
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Semiquantitative multiplex PCR: a useful tool for large rearrangement screening and characterization

2006

Methods presently employed for detection of large rearrangements have several drawbacks, such as the amount of sample and time required, technical difficulty, or the probability of false-negative carriers. Using the low-density-lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene, whose mutations are responsible for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), we have developed a procedure to detect large rearrangements in this gene based on semiquantitative PCR, with important improvements as compared to previous methods. Our method covers the complete LDLR gene and introduces an internal control in the reaction. The procedure discriminates the four different large rearrangements (two deletions and two insertions) tha…

Chromosome AberrationsGeneticsProbandMutationLdlr geneExonsBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIExonReceptors LDLLDL receptorMultiplex polymerase chain reactionGeneticsmedicineHumansGenetic TestingGeneGene DeletionGenetics (clinical)Apolipoproteins BSouthern blotHuman Mutation
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Diagnostic algorithm for familial chylomicronemia syndrome

2016

International audience; Background: Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare genetic disease that leads to severe hypertriglyceridemia often associated with recurrent episodes of pancreatitis. The recognition and correct diagnosis of the disease is challenging due to its rarity, and to the lack of specificity of signs and symptoms. Lipid experts, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, pancreatologists, and general practitioners may encounter patients who potentially have FCS. Therefore, cooperation between experts and improved knowledge of FCS is essential in improving the diagnosis. Currently, a consensus on best practice for the diagnosis of FCS is lacking. Methods: Aiming to def…

Chylomicrons; Familial chylomicronemia syndrome; Hyperlipoproteinemia; Lipoprotein lipase deficiency; Pancreatitis; Biomarkers; Genetic Markers; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I; Lipids; Lipoprotein Lipase; Phenotype; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Algorithms; Critical Pathways; DNA Mutational Analysis; Decision Support Techniques; Mutation; Internal Medicine; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaACUTE-PANCREATITIS[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]DNA Mutational AnalysisPredictive Value of TestDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyVARIANTSDecision Support Technique0302 clinical medicineDOMAINGenetic MarkerBINDINGChylomicronsHYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMICMedicine030212 general & internal medicinePANCREATITISLipoprotein lipase deficiencyGeneral MedicineFamilial ChylomicronemiaLipidPrognosisLipids3. Good healthAlgorithmDEFICIENCYPhenotypeCritical PathwayPractice Guidelines as TopicCritical PathwaysHyperlipoproteinemia Type Ilipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAlgorithmAlgorithmsHumanGenetic MarkersSevere hypertriglyceridemiaFamilial chylomicronemia syndromePrognosiSigns and symptomsLIPOPROTEIN-LIPASEHyperlipoproteinemiaCLASSIFICATIONDecision Support TechniquesSecondary careChylomicronDNA Mutational Analysi03 medical and health sciencesPredictive Value of TestsInternal MedicineMANAGEMENTHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePancreatitibusiness.industryBiomarkerLipoprotein LipaseMutationbusinessBiomarkers
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Diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in a large cohort of Italian genotyped hypercholesterolemic patients

2022

Background and aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most relevant genetic cause of early cardiovascular disease (CVD). FH is suspected when low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels exceed the 95th percentile of the population distribution. Different diagnostic scoring systems have been developed, as the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) score, used worldwide. The aim of the study is to describe the characteristics of FH patients of a large cohort of more than eight hundred genotyped subjects enrolled in an Italian Lipid Clinic, and evaluate the DLCN score performance applied retrospectively to the case study. Methods: 836 hypercholesterolemic patients with LDL-C > 4.…

Cohort StudiesHyperlipoproteinemia Type IIHeterozygoteSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaSettore BIO/12 - Biochimica Clinica E Biologia Molecolare ClinicaGeneticPredictive scoresFamilial hypercholesterolemiaHumansCholesterol LDLLipidCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRetrospective StudiesAtherosclerosis
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Ruddlesden-Popper Hybrid Lead Bromide Perovskite Nanosheets of Phase Pure n=2: Stabilized Colloids Stored in the Solid State.

2021

Ruddlesden-Popper lead halide perovskite (RP-LHP) nano-nanostructures can be regarded as self-assembled quantum wells or superlattices of 3D perovskites with an intrinsic quantum well thickness of a single or a few (n=2-4) lead halide layers; the quantum wells are separated by organic layers. They can be scaled down to a single quantum well dimension. Here, the preparation of highly (photo)chemical and colloidal stable hybrid LHP nanosheets (NSs) of ca. 7.4 μm lateral size and 2.5 nm quantum well height (thereby presenting a deep blue emission at ca. 440 nm), is reported for the first time. The NSs are close-lying and they even interconnect when deposited on a substrate. Their synthesis is …

Col·loidesNanoestructuresPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceSuperlatticeHalideGeneral Medicine02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesColloidChemical engineeringPhase (matter)Nanodot0210 nano-technologyQuantum wellPerovskite (structure)Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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Reduced thermal conductivity of TiNiSn/HfNiSn superlattices

2015

Diminution of the thermal conductivity is a crucial aspect in thermoelectric research. We report a systematic and significant reduction of the cross-plane thermal conductivity in a model system consisting of DC sputtered TiNiSn and HfNiSn half-Heusler superlattices. The reduction of $\kappa$ is measured by the 3$\omega$ method and originates from phonon scattering at the internal interfaces. Heat transport in the superlattices is calculated based on Boltzmann transport theory, including a diffusive mismatch model for the phonons at the internal interfaces. Down to superlattice periodicity of 3 nm the phonon spectrum mismatch between the superlattice components quantitatively explains the re…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials sciencePhonon scatteringCondensed matter physicsPhononSuperlatticeMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)Condensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductionCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystalsymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceThermal conductivityThermoelectric effectBoltzmann constantsymbols
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