Search results for "Perl"

showing 10 items of 383 documents

Thermal conductivity of half-Heusler superlattices

2014

Thin films and superlattices (SLs) of TiNiSn and ZrHfNiSn layers have been grown by dc magnetron sputtering on MgO (100) substrates to reduce the thermal conductivity, aiming for improvement of the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT. The thermal conductivity of 1 Wm−1K−1 was measured by the differential 3ω method for an SL with a periodicity of 8.8 nm. In addition to x-ray diffraction analysis of the SL crystal structure, smooth interfaces were confirmed by scanning/transmission electron microscopy.

DiffractionMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySuperlatticeCrystal structureSputter depositionCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsThermoelectric figure of meritThermal conductivityTransmission electron microscopyMaterials ChemistryOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmbusinessSemiconductor Science and Technology
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CADEM: calculate X-ray diffraction of epitaxial multilayers

2017

This article presents a powerful yet simple program, based on the general one-dimensional kinematic X-ray diffraction (XRD) theory, which calculates the XRD patterns of tailor-made multilayers and thus enables quantitative comparison of measured and calculated XRD data. As the multilayers are constructed layer by layer, the final material stack can be entirely arbitrary.

DiffractionMaterials sciencesuperlatticesSuperlattice02 engineering and technologyEpitaxy01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOpticsLattice constantStack (abstract data type)0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Chemical PhysicsX-ray diffraction pattern calculation010306 general physicsCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryRelaxation (NMR)Layer by layer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycomputer programsepitaxial multilayersX-ray crystallography0210 nano-technologybusinessJournal of Applied Crystallography
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Cooperative atomic motion probed by ultrafast transmission electron diffraction

2015

In numerous solids exhibiting broken symmetry ground states, changes in electronic (spin) structure are accompanied by structural changes. Femtosecond time-resolved techniques recently contributed many important insights into the origin of their ground states by tracking dynamics of the electronic subsystem with femtosecond light pulses. Moreover, several studies of structural dynamics in systems with periodic lattice modulation (PLD) were performed. Since intensities of the super-lattice diffraction peaks are in the first approximation proportional to the square of the PLD amplitude, their temporal dynamics provides access to cooperative atomic motion. This process takes place on a fractio…

DiffractionPhysicsOpticsReflection high-energy electron diffractionElectron diffractionbusiness.industryLattice (order)SuperlatticeExcited stateFemtosecondElectronbusinessMolecular physicsSPIE Proceedings
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Phonon-induced optical superlattice

2005

We demonstrate the formation of a dynamic optical superlattice through the modulation of a semiconductor microcavity by stimulated acoustic phonons. The high coherent phonon population produces a folded optical dispersion relation with well-defined energy gaps and renormalized energy levels, which are accessed using reflection and diffraction experiments.

DiffractionPhysicsSoeducation.field_of_studyOnesCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryPhononCondensed Matter::OtherSuperlatticePopulationGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::OpticsAcoustic PhononsÒpticaCiència dels materialsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSemiconductorSemiconductorsModulationReflection (physics)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electronsbusinesseducation
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Diffraction-managed superlensing using metallodielectric heterostructures

2012

We show that subwavelength diffracted wave fields may be managed inside multilayered plasmonic devices to achieve ultra-resolving lensing. For that purpose we first transform both homogeneous waves and a broad band of evanescent waves into propagating Bloch modes by means of a metal/dielectric (MD) superlattice. Beam spreading is subsequently compensated by means of negative refraction in a plasmon-induced anisotropic effective-medium that is cemented behind. A precise design of the superlens doublet may lead to nearly aberration-free images with subwavelength resolution in spite of using optical paths longer than a wavelength. This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and…

DiffractionPhysicsSuperlensbusiness.industrySuperlatticePhysics::OpticsHeterojunctionDielectricImagingWavelengthPlasmonic devicesOpticsNegative refractionSuper-resolutionOptoelectronicsbusinessPlasmonÓptica
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Acyl-Chain Mismatch Driven Superlattice Arrangements in DPPC/DLPC/Cholesterol Bilayers

2010

Fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy and cholesterol oxidase activity were employed to investigate the effect of phosphatidylcholine (PC) acyl chain length mismatch on the lateral organizations of lipids in liquid-ordered dipalmitoyl-PC/dilauroyl-PC/cholesterol (DPPC/DLPC/CHOL) bilayers. Plots of steady-state fluorescence emission anisotropy of diphenylhexatriene (DPH) labeled PC (DPH-PC) embedded in the DPPC/DLPC/CHOL bilayers revealed significant peaks at several DPPC mole fractions (Y(DPPC)) when the cholesterol mole fraction (X(CHOL)) was fixed to particular values. Analogously, the DPH-PC anisotropy peaked at several critical X(CHOL)'s when Y(DPPC) was fixed. Acyl chain C-H and C hor…

Diphenylhexatriene12-DipalmitoylphosphatidylcholineCholesterol oxidaseSuperlatticeLipid BilayersAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyFluorescence Polarization010402 general chemistryMole fraction01 natural sciencesArticle03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPhosphatidylcholineSpectroscopy Fourier Transform Infraredpolycyclic compoundsMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLipid bilayer030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesCholesterol OxidaseCholesteroltechnology industry and agriculture0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCrystallographyCholesterolchemistryCholesterol oxidase activity13. Climate actionAcyl chainPhosphatidylcholineslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Fluorescence anisotropyThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Positive solutions for singular (p, 2)-equations

2019

We consider a nonlinear nonparametric Dirichlet problem driven by the sum of a p-Laplacian and of a Laplacian (a (p, 2)-equation) and a reaction which involves a singular term and a $$(p-1)$$ -superlinear perturbation. Using variational tools and suitable truncation and comparison techniques, we show that the problem has two positive smooth solutions.

Dirichlet problemApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsNonparametric statisticsSingular termGeneral Physics and AstronomyPerturbation (astronomy)Mathematics::Spectral Theory01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsNonlinear systemSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaSingular term Superlinear perturbation Positive solution Nonlinear regularity Truncation Maximum principle Double phase problemApplied mathematics0101 mathematicsLaplace operatorMathematicsZeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik
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Bounded weak solutions to superlinear Dirichlet double phase problems

2023

AbstractIn this paper we study a Dirichlet double phase problem with a parametric superlinear right-hand side that has subcritical growth. Under very general assumptions on the data, we prove the existence of at least two nontrivial bounded weak solutions to such problem by using variational methods and critical point theory. In contrast to other works we do not need to suppose the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition.

Double phase operatorAlgebra and Number TheorySettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaCritical point theorySuperlinear nonlinearityLocation of the solutionsMathematical PhysicsAnalysisParametric problem
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Antioxidant Therapy and Drugs Interfering with Lipid Metabolism: Could They Be Effective in NAFLD Patients?

2013

This review is part of a special issue dealing with various aspects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We will focus on promising treatments of NASH with antioxidants and drugs that interfere with lipid metabolism.The other therapies of interest, such as diet, behavioral changes, and insulin sensitizers are presented elsewhere. Oxidative stress is believed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of NASH and other liver diseases. Antioxidants aimed at improving chronic alcoholic or viral liver diseases have been an object of study for some time. However, only a few high quality, randomized, versus placebo-controlled, double-blinded trials hav…

DrugPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosismedia_common.quotation_subjectDiseaseBioinformaticsAntioxidantsEzetimibeNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseDiabetes mellitusHyperlipidemiaDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansmedia_commonPharmacologybusiness.industryFatty livernutritional and metabolic diseasesmedicine.diseaseLipid Metabolismdigestive system diseasesFatty LiverSteatosisAntioxidantbusinessmedicine.drugHumanCurrent Pharmaceutical Design
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An overview of statin-induced myopathy and perspectives for the future

2020

Introduction: Statins remain the most commonly prescribed lipid-lowering drug class for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Their well-recognized side effects are known as statin-associated muscle symptom (SAMS). Some advances in this field have been made in recent years, but the understanding of the mechanisms has lagged. Investigating the specific role of the anti-HMGCR autoantibody, pharmacokinetic genetic variants, characterization of the known phenotypes of statin toxicity, in relation to clinical markers of disease, is of high importance. Areas covered: We summarized currently available findings (on PubMed) related to SAMS and discussed the therapeutic approaches,…

DrugStatinUbiquinonemedicine.drug_classmedia_common.quotation_subjectHyperlipidemiasDiseasetherapeutic approaches030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBioinformaticsPharmacogenomic Variants03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMuscular DiseasesRisk FactorsmedicineAnimalsHumansDrug InteractionsPharmacology (medical)Adverse effectHypolipidemic Agentsmedia_commondrug interactionbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineAtherosclerosisStatin induced myopathystatin-induced myopathyunderlying mechanismDrug classrisk factor030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCoenzyme Q10Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorsmyositis autoantibodieRisk assessmentbusinessstatin-associated muscle symptom
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