Search results for "Perpendicular"

showing 10 items of 168 documents

Anisotropic polarization of non‐polar GaN quantum dot emission

2009

We report on experimental and theoretical studies of the polarization selection rules of the emission of non-polar GaN/AlN self-assembled quantum dots. Time-integrated and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements have been performed to determine the degree of polarization. It is found that the emission of some samples can be predominantly polarized parallel to the wurtzite c axis, in striking difference with the previously reported results for bulk GaN and its heterostructures, in which the emission was preferentially polarized perpendicular to the c axis. Theoretical calculations based on an 8-band k·p model are used to analyze the relative importance of strain, confinement and quantum…

Condensed Matter::Materials SciencePhotoluminescenceCondensed matter physicsChemistryQuantum dotPerpendicularDegree of polarizationHeterojunctionCondensed Matter PhysicsAnisotropyPolarization (waves)Wurtzite crystal structurephysica status solidi c
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Symmetric diblock copolymers confined into thin films: A Monte Carlo investigation on the CRAY T3E

2000

We present the results of large scale computer simulations targeted at investigating the phase stability and the structure of symmetric AB diblock copolymers in thin films. The connectivity of the two different monomer species A and B in the diblock copolymer prevents macrophage separation and the molecules assemble into A-rich and B-rich domains on the scale of the molecule’s extension. This large length scale of the ordering phenomena makes these polymeric systems a promising candidate for revealing the universal features of self-assembling in amphiphilic molecules. However, the widely spread length and time scales impart protracted long relaxation times to the systems and pose a challeng…

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterLength scaleCapillary waveMaterials scienceChemical physicsRelaxation (NMR)Monte Carlo methodPerpendicularMoleculeLamellar structureThin film
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Deviations from Kleinman symmetry of the second-order polarizability tensor in molecules with low-lying perpendicular electronic bands

1993

Abstract 4-Nitroaniline (pNA) and 3,5-dinitro-aniline (3,5-DNA) were studied by electric field induced second harmonic generation (EFISH) and electrooptical absorption measurements (EOAM) in dioxane solution at T = 298 K. The measurements were carried out for two polarization conditions, the electric field vector of the linearly polarized incident light being parallel or perpendicular to the static electric field. The second-order polarizability tensor of pNA is confirmed to be Kleinman symmetric, while a strong deviation from index permutation symmetry is observed for 3,5-DNA. The latter is quantitatively interpreted by contributions of a low-lying electronic band with transition dipole pe…

Condensed matter physicsChemistrybusiness.industryLinear polarizationGeneral Physics and AstronomySecond-harmonic generationPolarization (waves)RayDipoleOpticsElectric fieldPerpendicularMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessChemical Physics
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The tensor of interaction of a two-level system with an arbitrary strain field

2007

The interaction between two-level systems (TLS) and strain fields in a solid is contained in the diagonal matrix element of the interaction hamiltonian, $\delta$, which, in general, has the expression $\delta=2[\gamma]:[S]$, with the tensor $[\gamma]$ describing the TLS ``deformability'' and $[S]$ being the symmetric strain tensor. We construct $[\gamma]$ on very general grounds, by associating to the TLS two objects: a direction, $\hat\bt$, and a forth rank tensor of coupling constants, $[[R]]$. Based on the method of construction and on the invariance of the expression of $\delta$ with respect to the symmetry transformation of the solid, we conclude that $[[R]]$ has the same structure as …

Coupling constantPhysicsHistoryCondensed Matter - Materials SciencePhononIsotropyInfinitesimal strain theoryMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksPolarization (waves)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsDiagonal matrixPerpendicularsymbolsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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3-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-2-(4-pyridyl)quinoxaline

2009

In the title compound, C20H14FN3O, the quinoxaline system makes dihedral angles of 32.38 (7) and 48.04 (7)° with the 4-fluorophenyl and pyridine rings, respectively. The 4-fluorophenyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 57.77 (9)° with the pyridine ring. In the crystal, the molecules form dimeric C—H...N hydrogen-bonded R22(20) ring motifs lying about crystallographic inversion centers. The dimeric units stack via π–π interactions between methoxyphenyl rings and pyridine–fluorophenyl rings with centroid–centroid distances of 3.720 (1) and 3.823 (1) Å, …

CrystallographyChemistryGeneral ChemistryDihedral angleCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)BioinformaticsOrganic PapersCrystalCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundQuinoxalineQD901-999PyridinePerpendicularGeneral Materials ScienceActa Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online
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4,4,4′,4′,7,7′-Hexamethyl-2,2′-spirobichroman

2000

The title compound, C23H28O2, was obtained from the reaction of acetone with meta-cresol. The molecular structure consists of two identical subunits which are nearly perpendicular to each other. The oxygen-containing rings are not planar and the molecule is chiral. The crystal structure consists of chains of molecules of the same chirality arranged along the [010] axis.

CrystallographyPlanarBicyclic moleculeChemistryPerpendicularMoleculeGeneral MedicineCrystal structurePhysics::Chemical PhysicsChirality (chemistry)General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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<title>Using infrared thermography as a tool to analyze curling and cockling of paper</title>

1992

Paper surface topology analysis with infrared thermography is described. Heat is applied perpendicular to the target. Temperature distribution of the sheet correlates well with the surface height distribution when the sheet is placed on the isothermic plate. Mathematical tools for data analysis and the mechanisms behind the curl and cockles are briefly discussed. Curl in paper and paperboard is defined as deviation from the flat form.© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Curl (mathematics)PaperboardMaterials scienceInfraredbusiness.industryOptical engineeringMechanical engineeringCurlingDistance measurementOpticsvisual_artThermographyPerpendicularvisual_art.visual_art_mediumbusinessThermosense XIV: An Intl Conf on Thermal Sensing and Imaging Diagnostic Applications
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Magnetization of3He spin filter cells

2007

A number of valved quartz glass 3He spin filter cells have been repeatedly exposed to various external magnetic fields in order to determine the influence of induced wall magnetization on the relaxation time in the cells. The procedures of magnetizing and degaussing of cells are described. A comparison of T1 measurements performed in the same cell by different methods attest the good reliability of the measurements as well as the time stability of T1 in Cs-coated quartz glass cells. No orientation dependence of the relaxation in fields of 8 G was observed. A strong dependence of T1 on the strengths of external magnetic fields, applied perpendicular to the direction of the guide field used d…

DegaussingAcoustics and UltrasonicsCondensed matter physicsChemistryRelaxation (NMR)Field strengthequipment and suppliesCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldlaw.inventionMagnetizationlawHelium-3Perpendicularhuman activitiesSaturation (magnetic)Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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Perpendicular transport properties of YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}/PrBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta} superlattices

2000

The coupling between the superconducting planes of YBa2Cu3O{7-\delta}/ PrBa2Cu3O{7-\delta} superlattices has been measured by c-axis transport. We show that only by changing the thickness of the superconducting YBa2Cu3O{7-\delta} layers, it is possible to switch between quasi-particle and Josephson tunneling. From our data we deduce a low temperature c-axis coherence length of 0.27 nm.

DeltaSuperconductivityPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsSuperlatticeCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityCondensed Matter PhysicsCoupling (probability)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCoherence lengthCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityPerpendicularElectrical and Electronic EngineeringQuantum tunnelling
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Comparative analysis of numerical and experimental data of orthodontic mini-implants

2011

The purpose of this study was to compare numerical simulation data derived from finite element analysis (FEA) to experimental data on mini-implant loading. Nine finite element (FE) models of mini-implants and surrounding bone were derived from corresponding experimental specimens. The animal bone in the experiment consisted of bovine rib. The experimental groups were based on implant type, length, diameter, and angle of insertion. One experimental specimen was randomly selected from each group and was digitized in a microCT scanner. The FE models consisted of bone pieces containing Aarhus mini-implants with dimensions 1.5 × 7 mm and 1.5 × 9 mm or LOMAS mini-implants (dimensions 1.5 × 7 mm, …

Dental Stress AnalysisMaterials science9 mm caliberFinite Element AnalysisOrthodontics610 Medicine & health10067 Clinic for Orthodontics and Pediatric DentistryDisplacement (vector)Stress (mechanics)Imaging Three-DimensionalOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresPerpendicularAnimalsOrthodontic Appliance DesignDental ImplantsModels Statisticalbusiness.industry3505 OrthodonticsBiomechanicsExperimental dataX-Ray MicrotomographyStructural engineeringFinite element methodBiomechanical PhenomenaCattleStress MechanicalbusinessRotation (mathematics)
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