Search results for "Perspective"

showing 10 items of 1523 documents

The effects of wage flexibility on activity and employment in Spain

2018

Abstract In this paper we estimate the macroeconomic effects of the greater wage and firms’ internal flexibility promoted by the economic policies implemented since 2012, which changed markedly Spanish labour regulations. To do so, we propose a structural VAR that allows us to break down changes in main macroeconomic variables into different structural shocks. From a policy perspective, the estimation of the structural shocks allows us to simulate a counterfactual scenario, whereby we conclude that the effects of less rigid labour market are positive and significant. Our results suggest that, if these policies were implemented at the beginning of the crisis, they could have avoided a signif…

MacroeconomicsEstimationFlexibility (engineering)Counterfactual thinkingEconomics and Econometricsmedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesPerspective (graphical)Significant partWage0502 economics and businessEconomics050207 economics050205 econometrics media_commonJournal of Policy Modeling
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Sexual and postmating reproductive isolation between allopatric Drosophila montana populations suggest speciation potential

2011

This work was funded by a European Commission Research Training Grant RTN2-2001-00049, the Centre of Excellence for Evolutionary Research at the University of Jyväskylä and a Marie Curie Initial Training Network, ‘Understanding the evolutionary origin of biological diversity’ (ITN-2008-213780 SPECIATION) Background: Widely distributed species with populations adapted to different environmental conditions can provide valuable opportunities for tracing the onset of reproductive incompatibilities and their role in the speciation process. Drosophila montana, a D. virilis group species found in high latitude boreal forests in Nearctic and Palearctic regions around the globe, could be an excellen…

Male0106 biological sciencesSympatryCanadaGenetic SpeciationEvolutionQH301 BiologyAllopatric speciationBiologyPremating isolationCourtship song010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesEcological speciationDivergence03 medical and health sciencesQH301Hybrid zoneMelanogasterGenetic algorithmQH359-425AnimalsPatternsSelectionFinlandEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyIncipient speciation0303 health sciencesEcologyReproductionReproductive isolationMating Preference AnimalIncipient speciationReinforcementFertilityGenetics PopulationPhenotypeGenetic SpeciationEvolutionary biologyPerspectiveDrosophilaFemaleSexual Selection; Reproductive Barrier; Sexual Conflict; Cross Type; Copulation DurationResearch ArticleBMC Evolutionary Biology
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Truly Satisfied With Your Retirement or Just Resigned? Pathways Toward Different Patterns of Retirement Satisfaction

2014

The main aim of the present study was to explore different patterns of retirement satisfaction. Following the dynamic model of job satisfaction, we identify different retirement satisfaction forms. We also examined a set of antecedents of observed retirement satisfaction forms and their impact on psychological well-being. Using a sample of 270 Spanish retirees, cluster analytical results showed four retirement satisfaction forms. These were stabilized-progressive, resigned-stabilized, and resigned retirement satisfaction and constructive-fixated retirement dissatisfaction. Gender, retirement intentions, and voluntariness of retirement transition predicted retirement satisfaction forms. Fin…

MaleAgingRetirementPerspective (graphical)Sample (statistics)Personal SatisfactionMiddle AgedVoluntarinessChoice BehaviorLogistic ModelsSex FactorsSpainSurveys and QuestionnairesPsychological well-beingAdaptation PsychologicalWell-beingHumansFemaleJob satisfactionGeriatrics and GerontologyPsychologySet (psychology)GerontologySocial psychologyJournal of Applied Gerontology
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Electrophysiology Reveals the Neural Dynamics of Naturalistic Auditory Language Processing: Event-Related Potentials Reflect Continuous Model Updates.

2016

The recent trend away from ANOVA-based analyses places experimental investigations into the neurobiology of cognition in more naturalistic and ecologically valid designs within reach. Using mixed-effects models for epoch-based regression, we demonstrate the feasibility of examining event-related potentials (ERPs), and in particular the N400, to study the neural dynamics of human auditory language processing in a naturalistic setting. Despite the large variability between trials during naturalistic stimulation, we replicated previous findings from the literature: the effects of frequency, animacy, word order and find previously unexplored interaction effects. This suggests a new perspective …

MaleComputer scienceEcological validity1naturalistic stimulimixed-effects modelsYoung AdultEvent-related potentialHumanspredictive codingEvoked PotentialsNarrationContinuous modellingGeneral NeurosciencePerspective (graphical)BrainCognitionElectroencephalographyLinguisticsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedGeneral MedicineNew ResearchN4001.1ecological validityCognition and BehaviorDynamics (music)Speech PerceptionFeasibility StudiesFemaleAnimacyPsychologyWord orderCognitive psychologyeNeuro
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Factors associated with the orthopaedic surgeon's decision to recommend total joint replacement in hip and knee osteoarthritis: an international cros…

2018

Summary Objective To determine factors associated with orthopaedic surgeons' decision to recommend total joint replacement (TJR) in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA). Design Cross-sectional study in eleven countries. For consecutive outpatients with definite hip or knee OA consulting an orthopaedic surgeon, the surgeon's indication of TJR was collected, as well as patients' characteristics including comorbidities and social situation, OA symptom duration, pain, stiffness and function (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]), joint-specific quality of life, Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) joint space narrowing (JSN) radiographi…

MaleCross-sectional studymedicine.medical_treatmentArthroplasty Replacement HipOsteoarthritisappropriatenessSeverity of Illness IndexOsteoarthritis Hip0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifeperspectivespainOrthopedics and Sports Medicine030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesArthroplasty Replacement Kneeprimary-careOsteoarthritis Knee3. Good health[SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal systemFemalemusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyWOMACDecision MakingBiomedical Engineering03 medical and health sciencesRheumatologyinequalitiesOsteoarthritisSeverity of illnessmedicineHumansKneeneedTotal joint replacementAged030203 arthritis & rheumatologydiseaseHipcriteriabusiness.industryOdds ratioOrthopedic Surgeonsmedicine.diseaseArthroplastyRadiographypredictorsCross-Sectional StudiesOrthopedic surgeryPhysical therapyQuality of LifearthroplastySurgerybusinessOsteoarthritis and cartilage
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The Phenomenology of Specialization of Criminal Suspects

2012

A criminal career can be either general, with the criminal committing different types of crimes, or specialized, with the criminal committing a specific type of crime. A central problem in the study of crime specialization is to determine, from the perspective of the criminal, which crimes should be considered similar and which crimes should be considered distinct. We study a large set of Swedish suspects to empirically investigate generalist and specialist behavior in crime. We show that there is a large group of suspects who can be described as generalists. At the same time, we observe a non-trivial pattern of specialization across age and gender of suspects. Women are less prone to commi…

MaleEpidemiologylcsh:MedicineCommitCriminologySocial and Behavioral SciencesPhenomenology (philosophy)SociologySettore SECS-S/06 -Metodi Mat. dell'Economia e d. Scienze Attuariali e Finanz.PsychologyComplex Systems Networks Social Sciences Criminologylcsh:Sciencehealth care economics and organizationsSocial ResearchMultidisciplinarySystems BiologyApplied MathematicsComplex SystemsSocial NetworksSocial systemSocial Systemspopulation characteristicsFemaleCrimePsychologyAlgorithmsResearch ArticlePersonalitySocial theorySocial AnthropologyCrime and CriminologySocial TheoryViolent crimeSexual and Gender IssuesAge and genderCriminal InvestigationsSpecialization (functional)mental disordersHumansSocial StratificationBiologyDemographySwedenBehaviorPopulation Biologylcsh:RPerspective (graphical)Sociology (excluding Social Work Social Psychology and Social Anthropology)social sciencesSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Social EpidemiologyComputational SociologyAnthropologylcsh:QLarge groupLawhuman activitiesMathematicsCriminal Justice System
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Masked identity priming reflects an encoding advantage in developing readers.

2019

Abstract The masked priming technique is widely used to explore the early moments of letter and word identification. Although this technique is increasingly used in experiments with young readers, the mechanism in play during masked priming with early readers has not yet been fully explored. We investigated the masked priming effects from a modeling perspective; we instantiated competing theories as data models (using Bayes factors) and as a computational model (diffusion model). We carried out a masked priming experiment using identity primes with second- and fourth-grade participants, and we analyzed the data through an evidence accumulation model lens. The priming effect manifests as a s…

MaleExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyMotor Activity050105 experimental psychologyIdentity (music)Developmental and Educational PsychologyLexical decision taskReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesChildMechanism (biology)05 social sciencesPerspective (graphical)Representation (systemics)Age FactorsStimulus onset asynchronyBayes TheoremPattern Recognition VisualReadingSpainWord recognitionFemaleCuesPsychologyPriming (psychology)Perceptual Masking050104 developmental & child psychologyCognitive psychologyJournal of experimental child psychology
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Being hospitalized with a newly diagnosed chronic illness - A phenomenological study of children’s lifeworld in the hospital

2012

The impact of a hospital environment on children has rarely been investigated. Recently, however, the perspective of hospitalized children has been taken into account. Being hospitalized and facing an illness represent a dramatic change in a child’s daily life, and the quality of the environment may influence the child’s experiences. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of children being hospitalized with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and to obtain an increased understanding of the environmental influences on the children’s lifeworld. The study used a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. The design is a combination of observation of the participant, interviews, and p…

MaleGerontologyHealth Knowledge Attitudes Practicemedicine.medical_specialtyLifeworldtype 1 diabetesmedia_common.quotation_subjectNewly diagnosedNursingbodily changeshospital environmentInterviews as TopicVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Nursing science: 808Empirical StudiesPerceptionAdaptation PsychologicalVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Pediatrics: 760HumansLearningMedicineChildPsychiatrymedia_commonEnvironment method hospitalised children lived experience type 1 diabetesbusiness.industryHealth PolicyLived experiencePerspective (graphical)Peer reviewIssues ethics and legal aspectsAlertnessDiabetes Mellitus Type 1hermeneutic phenomenological methodChronic DiseaseHealth Facility Environmentlived experienceFemaleFundamentals and skillsHospitalized childrenThematic analysisbusinessChild HospitalizedGerontologyInternational Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being
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The Association between Loneliness and Health Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) among Community-Dwelling Older Citizens

2020

Background: This study aimed to assess the association between loneliness and Health-Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL) among community-dwelling older citizens in five European countries. We characterize loneliness broadly from an emotional and social perspective. Methods: This cross-sectional study measured loneliness with the 6-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale and HR-QoL with the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey. The association between loneliness and HR-QoL was examined using multivariable linear regression models. Results: Data of 2169 citizens of at least 70 years of age and living independently (mean age = 79.6 &plusmn

MaleGerontologyemotional lonelinessSocial perspectiveCroatiaHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisEmotionsPsychological interventionlcsh:MedicineBIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Javno zdravstvo i zdravstvena zaštita. Javno zdravstvo.community-dwelling older citizens ; emotional loneliness ; health related quality of life ; loneliness ; social lonelinessArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineQuality of life (healthcare)030502 gerontologymedicinehealth related quality of lifelonelinessHumansInterpersonal Relations030212 general & internal medicineAssociation (psychology)AgedNetherlandsBIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Public Health and Health Care. Public Health.Aged 80 and overHealth related quality of lifeGreeceMultivariable linear regressionlcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthLonelinessMean agecommunity-dwelling older citizensUnited KingdomhumanitiesCross-Sectional StudiesSpainQuality of LifeFemalesocial lonelinessIndependent Livingmedicine.symptom0305 other medical sciencePsychology
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Behavioral Health at School: Do Three Competences in Road Safety Education Impact the Protective Road Behaviors of Spanish Children?

2019

Background: Education in road safety (also known as Road Safety Education&mdash

MaleHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisApplied psychologyPsychological interventionPoison controllcsh:MedicineSuicide preventionOccupational safety and healthArticlebehavioral healthtraffic crashes03 medical and health sciencesHabits0302 clinical medicineprotective road behaviorschildren0502 economics and businessInjury preventionHumans030212 general & internal medicineChildSocial Behavior050210 logistics & transportationInfants PsicologiaSchoolseducation in road safety05 social sciencesPerspective (graphical)Conducta (Psicologia)lcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAccidents TrafficHuman factors and ergonomicsRisk perceptionCross-Sectional StudiesPsicologiaSpainFemaleSafetyPsychologyroad safetyhuman activitiesrseInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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