Search results for "Pesticide"
showing 10 items of 588 documents
Induction of Hsp70 by the Herbicide Oxyfluorfen (Goal) in the Egyptian Nile Fish, Oreochromis niloticus
1999
This paper deals with the expression of the biomarker hsp70 in the liver and kidney of the freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus following exposure to the herbicide oxyfluorfen (Goal). Fishes were exposed to three concentrations, the 96-h LC50 (3 mg/L), the 96-h (1/2)LC50 (1.5 mg/L), and the 96-h (1/4)LC50 (0.75 mg/L) of oxyfluorfen for 6, 15, and 24 days, respectively, and samples were taken at three different time periods for each concentration. The livers responded to the herbicide by an induction of the expression of both the constitutive (hsp75; Mr 75 kDa) and the inducible (hsp73; Mr 73 kDa) hsp70 proteins. In kidney, the herbicide induced a time-dependent increase in the expression o…
The potential of HPP for minimizing pesticides and toxins in food products
2020
Abstract High-pressure (HP) treatment has emerged as a novel, additive-free food preservation technology. It has been scientifically and commercially proven that HP can produce microbially safe and stable products with improved quality characteristics such as enhanced flavor and color. Recent studies have focused on the effects of HP on health attributes and allergenic potential of foodstuff to develop the next generation of convenience foods. The contamination of produced food in various conditions along the production chain always is the point of concern. In this context, food safety is among the main health concerns worldwide on the occurrence of food contaminants such as heavy metals, h…
Determination of glyphosate in water samples with the combination of cation-exchange chromatography and capillary electrophoresis
2003
An analytical method for determination of pesticide Glyphosate in water as a combination of cation-exchange chromatography and capillary electrophoresis is presented. Pure water was spiked with Glyphosate at concentrations 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mM and percolated through a strong cation-exchange column packed with Dowex 50WX4-400 resin in its H+ form. The extract was further analyzed by capillary electrophoresis in indirect detection mode. The calibration curve for the pesticide in the range 0.1–2.5 mM was linear and with high degree of reproducibility. The obtained recoveries for all the studied concentrations amount 85%. Afterwards, the possibility to determine Glyphosate at the concentrati…
Scientific Opinion on an application by Syngenta (EFSA-GMO-DE-2009-66) for placing on the market of herbicide tolerant and insect resistant maize Bt1…
2015
Question number: EFSA-Q-2009-00444 on request from Competent Authority of Germany; The EFSA GMO Panel previously assessed the four single events combined to produce a four-event stack maize Bt11 × MIR162 × MIR604 × GA21 and did not identify safety concerns. In this opinion, the EFSA GMO Panel assesses the four-event stack maize and all its subcombinations independently of their origin. No new data on the single events, leading to modification of the original conclusions on their safety, were identified. The molecular, agronomic, phenotypic and compositional data on the four-event stack maize did not give rise to safety concerns and there is no reason to expect interactions between the singl…
IPMWORKS, a European network of pionneer farmers engaged to demonstrate cost-effective IPM-based strategies with low pesticide use
2022
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is based on a diversity of pest management measures(prevention, non-chemical control, best practices for optimizing pesticide efficiency, etc.).These are combined at the farm level to enable reduced reliance on pesticides, and thereforea decrease in the exposure of the environment and people to pesticides. Rare pioneer farmersthroughout Europe are testing such IPM strategies and are succeeding in achieving goodoutcomes with low pesticide inputs. However the majority of European farmers still relyheavily on pesticides, with major environmental and societal impacts, because most of themhave not adopted a comprehensive, farm-level and holistic IPM strategy so f…
Determination of pesticide residues in honey bees, pollen and beeswax: assessing pesticide hazard in spanish apiaries
2020
Pollinator decline is an emerging worldwide problem with serious repercussions on agriculture and environment. Around one third of human food relies on insect pollination, and most of the flowering plants need pollinators to survive. Honey bee is the main pollinator in environments where anthropogenic pressure has reduced the number of native pollinators, like urban, rural and agricultural areas. The main cause of beekeeping crisis is parasite Varroa destructor and secondary infections associated with the mite. Pesticide contamination and nutritional deficiencies, combined with the parasite, can act synergistically and reduce survival of bee colonies. Honey bees patrol extensive areas when …
Risk assessment of exposure to organic chemicals in children and mothers using human biomonitoring
2022
Today, global chemical manufacturing is increasing each year, making environmental pollution and exposure to chemicals a serious public health problem linked to the development of many non-genetic diseases. Approximately, 70 % of chemicals consumed in Europe in 2019 were hazardous for human health. These harmful substances can enter to the food chain and remain in the environment, making humans exposed to them mainly by ingestion, inhalation or dermal exposure. Consequently, exposure to chemicals should be continuously monitored for assuring health protection of citizens by two ways: i) studying their presence in environmental compartments, such as water, food, soil or air, by environmental…
Multi-elemental EDXRF mapping of polluted soil from former horticultural land.
2004
The distribution of major and trace elements was systematically investigated by use of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) on a former horticultural soil. The purpose of the study was to combine mapping of soil element concentration levels with multivariate statistics for characterisation of soil metal pollution in relation to previous and present land use. A 1-ha study site was chosen from a former horticulture where a previous preliminary survey indicated increased concentration levels of toxic elements. The soil was sampled from the top 20 cm of the soil surface in a 10×10-m grid-like pattern covering the 1-ha study area. In addition, three soil profiles were studie…
ASSESSMENT OF PAHS AND SELECTED PESTICIDES IN SHALLOW GROUNDWATER IN THE HIGHEST PROTECTED AREAS IN THE OPOLE REGION, POLAND
2014
The ground water quality was determined after the analyses of water samples from 18 wells. The wells were in the Groundwater Area with the Highest Protection (Triassic water, Opole region, Poland), rural build up. The water table level was low: 0.5 – 18.0 m below the ground surface level (except for one artesian well). The following parameters were determined: pH, EC, colour, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved orthophosphate, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD-Mn, COD-Cr, humic substances, chloride, sulphate, total hardness, alkalinity, dry residue PAHs (16 compounds), pesticides (6 compounds), however, only selected data were presented in this paper. In all the analysed water …
From arsenic to DDT: Pesticides, Fascism and the invisibility of toxic risks in the early years of Francoist Spain (1939-1953)
2021
This paper reviews the way in which Spanish agriculture climbed onto the pesticide treadmill. We claim that Fascist policies and expert advice assembled in the early 1940s accelerated the introduction of pesticides into Spanish agriculture and promoted the emergence of the Spanish pesticide industry in the times of autarky. Agricultural engineers were the key protagonists in this process, but other human and non-human actors also played a pivotal role: a new pest (the Colorado beetle), Francoist politicians, farmers, landowners and industry managers. Our focus is on the use of pesticides against the Colorado beetle (the main threat to the potato crop), and the transition from arsenical pest…