Search results for "Phase Transition"

showing 10 items of 1281 documents

Structure Solution of the High-Pressure Phase of CuWO4 and Evolution of the Jahn–Teller Distortion

2011

In this work, we have investigated the structural behavior of cuproscheelite up to 33.9 GPa by means of high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). According to EXAFS, beyond 9 GPa a phase transition takes place. On the basis of SXRD, the transition is from the triclinic (P1) structure to a monoclinic (P2/c) structure isotypic to wolframite. The transition implies abrupt changes of CuO6 and WO6 octahedra, but no coordination change. Further, we report the role played by the Jahn–Teller distortion of the CuO6 octahedra on the mechanism of the phase transition as well as the changes in the behavior of the Cu–O bonds for the tricl…

Phase transitionCrystallographyOctahedronExtended X-ray absorption fine structureChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringJahn–Teller effectPhase (matter)X-ray crystallographyMaterials ChemistryGeneral ChemistryTriclinic crystal systemMonoclinic crystal systemChemistry of Materials
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Distortions of [Sb2Cl10]4– Bioctahedra and Phase Transitions in the Chloroantimonate(III) (C3H5NH3)2[SbCl5]·(C3H5NH3)Cl

2007

Bis(allylammonium)pentachloroantimonate(III) - allylammonium chloride, (C3H5NH3)2[SbCl5] · (C3H5NH3)Cl, belongs to the chloroantimonate(III) organic-inorganic salts family. The DSC studies of this compound showed two anomalies at 181 K and at 223 K. Both are associated with phase transitions, which mainly occur due to ordering-disordering processes of the organic cations. Between 181 and 223 K the structure is incommensurate. The crystal structure was determined at 298 and 86 K. At both temperatures the crystal structure consists of (C3H5NH3)+ cations, anionic distorted [Sb2Cl10]4− units and isolated Cl− ions. In the room-temperature phase two out of three, and in the low-temperature phase …

Phase transitionCrystallographycrystal structurechloroantimonates(III)octahedral distortionsHydrogen bondChemistryGeneral ChemistryCrystal structurehydrogen bondingphase transitionsZeitschrift Fur Naturforschung Section B = A Journal of Chemical Sciences
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Efficient parallel tempering for first-order phase transitions

2007

We present a Monte Carlo algorithm that facilitates efficient parallel tempering simulations of the density of states g(E) . We show that the algorithm eliminates the supercritical slowing down in the case of the Q=20 and Q=256 Potts models in two dimensions, typical examples for systems with extreme first-order phase transitions. As recently predicted, and shown here, the microcanonical heat capacity along the calorimetric curve has negative values for finite systems.

Phase transitionDensity of statesFinite systemddc:530Parallel temperingStatistical physicsPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)First orderHeat capacitySupercritical fluidMonte Carlo algorithmMathematicsJ
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Dehydration of detomidine hydrochloride monohydrate

2010

The thermodynamic stability of detomidine hydrochloride monohydrate has been evaluated on the basis of phase transition kinetics in solid state. A method free of empirical models was used for the treatment of kinetic data, and compared to several known solid state kinetic data processing methods. Phase transitions were monitored by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermal analysis. Full PXRD profiles were used for determining the phase content instead of single reflex intensity measurements, in order to minimize the influence of particle texture. We compared the applicability of isothermal and nonisothermal methods to our investigation of detomidine hydrochlorine monohydrate dehydration.

Phase transitionDetomidineDifferential Thermal AnalysisChemistryImidazolesAnalytical chemistryPharmaceutical SciencePhase TransitionIsothermal processKineticsDrug StabilityModels ChemicalX-Ray DiffractionDifferential thermal analysisPhase (matter)Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor AgonistsmedicineThermodynamicsChemical stabilityDesiccationThermal analysisPowder DiffractionPowder diffractionmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Modelling phase transition kinetics of chenodeoxycholic acid with the Runge–Kutta method

2009

Abstract The phase transition kinetics of two chenodeoxycholic acid polymorphic modifications— form I (stable at high temperature), form III (stable at low temperature) and the amorphous phase has been examined under various conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Form III conversion to form I was examined at high temperature conditions and was found to be non-spontaneous, requiring seed crystals for initiation. The formation kinetic model of form I was created incorporating the three-dimensional seed crystal growth, the phase transition rate proportion to the surface area of form I crystals, and the influence of the amorphous phase surface area changes with an empirical stage poin…

Phase transitionDifferential Thermal AnalysisSpectrophotometry InfraredDifferential equationClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceThermodynamicsChenodeoxycholic AcidKinetic energyPhase TransitionAnalytical ChemistryReaction rate constantDrug StabilityX-Ray DiffractionDrug DiscoverySample preparationSpectroscopySeed crystalModels StatisticalCalorimetry Differential ScanningChemistryTemperatureKineticsRunge–Kutta methodsCrystallographyX-ray crystallographyCrystallizationJournal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
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Mechanisms for the Dynamics of Phase Transformations

1984

An introductory review of the dynamics of (first- order) phase transitions is given. Concepts describing the initial stages of the transition, such as nucleation, spinodal decomposition (in the case of unmixing) are introduced, and their validity is critically discussed. The theoretical results are compared to recent computer simulations and pertinent experiments. Then the scaling concepts describing the late stages of domain growth are discussed, and open problems are outlined.

Phase transitionDynamics (music)Spinodal decompositionComputer scienceNucleationPhase (waves)Ising modelStatistical physicsScalingDomain (software engineering)
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Bader's analysis of the electron density in the Pbca enstatite - Pbcn protoenstatite phase transition

2011

The Bader’s topological analysis of the electron density obtained via ab initio quantum mechanical simulation at Hartree–Fock and DFT level has been performed for experimentally in situ heated structures of enstatite–protoenstatite MgSiO 3 . The measurements have been performed in the temperature range 1200–1400 K. The work was aimed at characterizing both the evolution of the electron arrangement in the crystal and that of the crystal-structure at the enstatite–protoenstatite phase transition in terms of topology of the electron density, with particular care about the Mg–O and the O–O bonds. The observed breaking of some chemical bonds with increasing temperature and/or due to the phase tr…

Phase transitionElectron densityBader’s topological analysis Catastrophe Theory ab initio reconstructive phase transition critical pointsChemical bondCondensed matter physicsGeochemistry and PetrologyChemistryPhase (matter)Atoms in moleculesAb initioElectronMolecular physicsTopology (chemistry)European Journal of Mineralogy
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Topological analysis of chemical bonding in the layered FePSe3 upon pressure-induced phase transitions

2020

The authors acknowledge the assistance of the University Computer Center of Saint-Petersburg State University in the accomplishment of high-performance computations. A.K. is grateful to the Latvian Council of Science project no. lzp-2018/2-0353 for financial support. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.

Phase transitionElectron densityMaterials scienceBand gaplayered compoundFOS: Physical sciencesElectronic structuresemiconductor-to-metal transition010402 general chemistryTopology01 natural sciencestopological analysis0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Condensed Matter - Materials Science010304 chemical physicsFePSe3Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)General ChemistrySymmetry (physics)0104 chemical sciencesComputational Mathematicshigh pressureChemical bondLinear combination of atomic orbitalsfirst-principles calculations
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Investigation of conduction-band structure, electron-scattering mechanisms, and phase transitions in indium selenide by means of transport measuremen…

1996

In this work we report on Hall effect, resistivity and thermopower measurements in n-type indium selenide at room temperature under either hydrostatic and quasi-hydrostatic pressure. Up to 40 kbar (= 4 GPa), the decrease of carrier concentration as the pressure increases is explained through the existence of a subsidiary minimum in the conduction band. This minimum shifts towards lower energies under pressure, with a pressure coefficient of about -105 meV/GPa, and its related impurity level traps electrons as it reaches the band gap and approaches the Fermi level. The pressure value at which the electron trapping starts is shown to depend on the electron concentration at ambient pressure an…

Phase transitionElectron mobilityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsBand gapCondensed Matter (cond-mat)Fermi levelFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed MatterCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeElectrical resistivity and conductivityPhase (matter)symbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsFermi gasAmbient pressurePhysical Review B
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Neutron star collapse and gravitational waves with a non-convex equation of state

2018

The thermodynamical properties of the equation of state (EoS) of high-density matter (above nuclear saturation density) and the possible existence of exotic states such as phase transitions from nuclear/hadronic matter into quark-gluon plasma, or the appearance of hyperons, may critically influence the stability and dynamics of compact relativistic stars. From a theoretical point of view, establishing the existence of those states requires the analysis of the `convexity' of the EoS. We show indications of the existence of regions in the dense-matter EoS where the thermodynamics may be non-convex as a result of a non-monotonic dependence of the sound speed with the rest-mass density. When th…

Phase transitionEquation of stateAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGravitationTheoretical physics0103 physical sciencesNuclear Experiment010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational waveAstronomy and AstrophysicsBlack holeNeutron starStarsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceQuark–gluon plasmaAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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