Search results for "Phenylketonurias"

Subclinical executive function impairment in children with asymptomatic, treated phenylketonuria: A comparison with children with immunodeficiency vi…

2018

In this study we compared the neuropsychological profile of phenylketonuria (PKU) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to examine the specificity of the executive function (EF) impairment reported in these two patologies. A total of 55 age-matched children and adolescents were assessed, including 11 patients with PKU, 16 patients with HIV and 28 healthy controls, underwent a neuropsychological assessment. Although neither the PKU nor the HIV group scored below the normative ranges, both groups showed lower scores in neuropsychological tests engaging EFs than controls. In addition, compared to patients with PKU the HIV group performed significantly worse in the Trail-Making Test A, Corsi S…

PAH gene mutations in the Sicilian population: association with minihaplotypes and expression analysis.

2001

Abstract The molecular basis of PAH deficiency in the Sicilian population is characterized by a marked heterogeneity, with 44 mutations at a single locus identified by a "gene-scanning" approach and accounting for a detection rate of 91%. The remaining 9% of PAH alleles does not bear mutations in any of the 13 exons and 24 exon/intron junctions. Three mutations IVS10nt-11 G > A, R261Q, and A300S accounted for 30.5%, whereas the remaining mutations were found at relative frequencies of less than 5% and 20 mutations were observed once only. Five mutations have been detected only in Sicilians so far. By studying the association of mutations with intragenic STR-VNTR haplotypes ("minihaplotypes"…

A methodological strategy for PAH genotyping in populations with a marked molecular heterogeneity of hyperphenylalaninemia.

2001

Abstract The elucidation of the molecular basis of hyperphenylalaninemia in various world populations (PKU Consortium Database: http://www.mcgill.ca/pahdb/) has revealed a remarkable molecular heterogeneity at the locus encoding for phenylalanine hydroxylase. As a consequence, genotyping of HPA patients has prompted the establishment of an impressive number of mutation detection protocols. In spite of the large variety of methods proposed so far, no comprehensive strategy has been yet developed for the detection of PAH gene mutations. Therefore, new approaches, combining the advantages of individual methods are required, especially in populations with a high number of PAH gene mutations. In…

Maternal phenylketonuria in two Sicilian families identified by maternal blood phenylalanine level screening and identification of a new phenylalanin…

1999

not available

Issues with European guidelines for phenylketonuria

2017

Reduced Cerebral Fluoro-l-Dopamine Uptake in Adult Patients Suffering from Phenylketonuria

2007

Deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in phenylketonuria (PKU) causes an excess of phenylalanine (Phe) throughout the body, predicting impaired synthesis of catecholamines in the brain. To test this hypothesis, we used positron emission tomography (PET) to measure the utilization of 6-[18F]fluoro-l-dopamine (FDOPA) in the brain of adult patients suffering from PKU and in healthy controls. Dynamic 2-h long FDOPA emission recordings were obtained in seven adult PKU patients (five females, two males; age: 21 to 27 years) with elevated serum Phe levels, but lacking neurologic deficits. Seven age-matched, healthy volunteers were imaged under identical conditions. The utilization of F…

Exon deletions of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene in Italian hyperphenylalaninemics

2009

A consistent finding of many studies describing the spectrum of mutant phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) alleles underlying hyperphenylalaninemia is the impossibility of achieving a 100% mutation ascertainment rate using conventional gene-scanning methods. These methods include denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and direct sequencing. In recent years, it has been shown that a significant proportion of undetermined alleles consist of large deletions overlapping one or more exons. These deletions have been difficult to detect in compound heterozygotes using gene-scanning methods due to a masking effect of the non-deleted al…

Everyday Life, Dietary Practices, and Health Conditions of Adult PKU Patients: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study

2020

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Only few data on dietary management of adult phenylketonuria (PKU) patients are published. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study aimed to assess living situation, dietary practices, and health conditions of early-treated adult PKU patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 183 early-treated PKU patients ≥18 years from 8 German metabolic centers received access to an online survey, containing 91 questions on sociodemographic data, dietary habits, and health conditions. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 144/183 patients (66% females) completed the questionnaire. Compared with German …

Molecular Basis Of Mild Hyperphenylalaninaemia In Turkey

2000

Öz bulunamadı.

Genetic diversity within the R408W phenylketonuria mutation lineages in Europe

2003

The R408W phenylketonuria mutation in Europe has arisen by recurrent mutation in the human phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) locus and is associated with two major PAH haplotypes. R408W-2.3 exhibits a west-to-east cline of relative frequency reaching its maximum in the Balto–Slavic region, while R408W-1.8 exhibits an east-to-west cline peaking in Connacht, the most westerly province of Ireland. Spatial autocorrelation analysis has demonstrated that the R408W-2.3 cline, like that of R408W-1.8, is consistent with a pattern likely to have been established by human dispersal. Genetic diversity within wild-type and R408W chromosomes in Europe was assessed through variable number tandem repeat (VNT…