Search results for "Philosophy of Science"
showing 10 items of 808 documents
Envejecimiento y Hospitalización Domiciliaria
2004
Objetivo: Analizar las caracteristicas de la poblacion diana de hospitalizacion domiciliaria (HD), su estructura y competencia. Metodo: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Resultados: El 78,8% de los pacientes son mayores de 65 anos. Los procesos cronicos representan el 46,9%. Para los grupos de causas patologicas, el 52,1% se incluyen en la categoria de otras pluripatologias, seguido de los tumores y neoplasias (28%) y las enfermedades del aparato circulatorio (18,8%). La principal puerta de entrada en HD fue la UMCE (53,0%) y el principal destino de los pacientes fue la atencion primaria (62,0%). Discusion: Los ancianos con plurupatologias cronicas o terminales tienen en la HD una estrateg…
Europeans' willingness to pay for ending homelessness: A contingent valuation study.
2020
The purpose of this study is to assess the utility value European citizens put on an innovative social program aimed at reducing homelessness. The Housing First (HF) model involves access to regular, scattered, independent and integrated housing in the community with the support of a multidisciplinary team. Currently, HF is not implemented by most European countries or funded by healthcare or social plans, but randomised controlled trials have stressed significant results for improved housing stability, recovery and healthcare services use. The broader implementation of HF across Europe would benefit from a better understanding of citizens' preferences and "willingness to pay" (WTP) for med…
Bioethics and power: Informed consent procedures in post-socialist Latvia
2013
This paper explores two lines of development in the donor consent procedures in post-Soviet Latvia. The paper is based on secondary analysis of interview, focus group discussion data, and media and legal text material collected throughout three previously conducted research projects on organ transplantation, population genome project and xenotransplantation focusing on the historical development of the issues of donor consent across these three fields of medical technologies. The paper argues that the quality of consent depends not as much on political and legal change per se as on the strengthening of the position of both medical specialists and donors, facilitating bonds between the two.
Social movements and the contested institutional identity of the hospital
2020
Taking popular protest as a common reaction to changes in hospital services as its point of departure, this paper explores how a social movement has taken on the issue of the hospital as an institution. In the wake of the transformation of Norwegian public hospitals into health enterprises (trusts), this paper explores community resistance to the proposals and plans of decision-makers to restructure hospitals. The study is based on a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the website/blog for the local hospital movement's activities from 2007 until 2017 and of its involvement and resistance in respect of three instances of proposed change to the hospital structure during this period. The …
The reasoned action approach applied to health behavior: Role of past behavior and tests of some key moderators using meta-analytic structural equati…
2018
Abstract Rationale The reasoned action approach (RAA) is a social cognitive model that outlines the determinants of intentional behavior. Primary and meta-analytic studies support RAA predictions for multiple health behaviors. However, including past behavior as a predictor in the RAA may attenuate model effects. Direct effects of past behavior on behavior may reflect non-conscious processes whereas indirect effects of past behavior through social cognitive variables may represent reasoned processes. Objective The present study extended a previous meta-analysis of the RAA by including effects of past behavior. The analysis also tested effects of candidate moderators of model predictions: be…
Falsas dietas y dietas falsas
2020
A nivel global, 1.900 millones de adultos tienen sobrepeso, de los que 650 millones presentan obesidad, con las consiguientes repercusiones sobre la salud y la economia. El tratamiento de la obesidad implica estrategias como la actividad fisica y la planificacion dietetica, siempre y cuando sean realizadas por profesionales sanitarios. En las ultimas decadas han aparecido dietas milagrosas, que tienen su origen a principios del siglo XX, y que pueden acarrear problemas de salud sobre sus usuarios. Una manera practica de detectarlas es que prometen perdidas rapidas de peso (mas de 1 kg por semana), aseguran que se realizan sin esfuerzo, tienen restricciones excesivas de energia y excluyen de…
Genetic Determined Downregulation of Both Type 1 and Type 2 Cytokine Pathways Might Be Protective against Pancreatic Cancer
2009
Many cytokine polymorphisms have been studied for associations with susceptibility to breast, gastric, liver, lung, prostate, and ovarian cancer without conclusive results. The cytokine network, indeed, is characterized by complex interactions, and the final biological effect of a single genetic variation depends on the balance among different molecular signals. As is well known, Th1/Th2 cytokine unbalanced production might predispose to different pathologies, cancer included. In general, a prolonged type 1 inflammatory response might allow that cells accumulating enough "genetic hits" are promoted to neoplastic transformation. On the other hand, IL-13-producing cells through the IL-13/IL-4…
What Do You Need a Mathematician For? Martinus Hortensius ’s “Speech on the Dignity and Utility of the Mathematical Sciences ” (Amsterdam 1634)
2004
Send submissions to David E. Rowe, Fachbereich 17--Mathematik, Johannes Gutenberg University, D55099 Mainz, Germany. I n early modem Europe the term mathematical sciences was used to describe those fields of knowledge that depended on measure, number, and weight--reflecting the much-quoted passage from the Wisdom of Solomon 11, 20: "but thou hast ordered all things in measure and number and weight." This included astrology and architecture as well as arithmetic and astronomy. These scientiae or disciplinae mathematicae were generally subdivided into mathematicae purae, dealing with quantity, continuous and discrete as in geometry and arithmetic, and mathematicae mix tae or mediae, dealing n…
Learning the electric field concept as oriented research activity
2003
This work is grounded in a constructivistic conception of the learning of science, more particularly on the model known as teaching–learning as oriented research. In accordance with this theoretical basis we have developed an empirical research project to investigate the teaching of electrostatics in high schools. The designs developed have enabled us to assess the learning achieved by the students from conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal stances. According to our findings we can say that the materials developed and the way we have worked with them have contributed to more significant learning and favored a more positive attitude toward the subject. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed…
Difficulties in learning the concept of electric field
1998
This article analyzes students' main difficulties in learning the concept of the electric field. To carry out this analysis we have supposed that the historical study of the main qualitative leaps that have taken place in the construction of the theory of field may help to diagnose such difficulties. Thus, we have made a brief description of the main conceptual profiles within which electric interactions can be interpreted (Coulombian and Maxwellian) and examined to what extent they are used by students in sixth form and in university. To achieve this we have devised and applied an open question questionnaire and personal. The results obtained showed that most students, even university stud…