Search results for "Photon counting"

showing 9 items of 49 documents

Digital CZT detector system for high flux energy-resolved X-ray imaging

2017

Photon counting arrays with energy resolving capabilities are recently desired for the next-generation X-ray imaging systems. In this work, we present the performance of a 2 mm thick CZT pixel detector, with pixel pitches of 500 mu m and 250 mu m, coupled to a fast and low noise ASIC (PIXIE ASIC), characterized by only the preamplifier stage. A 16-channel digital readout electronics was used to continuously digitize and process each output channel from the PIXIE ASIC, performing multi-parameter analysis (event arrival time, pulse shape, pulse height) at low and high input counting rates (ICRs). The spectroscopic response of the system to monochromatic X-ray and gamma ray sources, at both lo…

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPreamplifier01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCharge sharing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOptics0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy PhysicPhysicsPixel010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGamma raySMALL PIXEL; CDTE; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; PROGRESS; CTPhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPixieMonochromatic colorbusiness
researchProduct

Attosecond soft-X-ray spectroscopy of a transition metal dichalcogenide material

2019

We use attosecond soft X-ray pulses between 284 eV to 543 eV for orbital-selective and real-time probing of the opto-electronic response of semi metallic TiS2.

Soft x rayMaterials scienceAttosecond02 engineering and technologySoft X-raysElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPhoton counting3. Good health010309 opticsMetalTransition metalvisual_art0103 physical sciencesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAtomic physics0210 nano-technologySpectroscopy
researchProduct

Quantum jump statistics with a shifted jump operator in a chiral waveguide

2019

Resonance fluorescence, consisting of light emission from an atom driven by a classical oscillating field, is well-known to yield a sub-Poissonian photon counting statistics. This occurs when only emitted light is detected, which corresponds to a master equation (ME) unraveling in terms of the canonical jump operator describing spontaneous decay. Formally, an alternative ME unraveling is possible in terms of a shifted jump operator. We show that this shift can result in sub-Poissonian, Poissonian or super-Poissonian quantum jump statistics. This is shown in terms of the Mandel Q parameter in the limit of long counting times, which is computed through large deviation theory. We present a wav…

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysics---Quantum PhysicsField (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesStatistical and Nonlinear Physics01 natural sciencesPhoton counting010305 fluids & plasmasOperator (computer programming)Resonance fluorescence0103 physical sciencesMaster equationStatisticsJumpdissipative systemsLight emissioncorrelation functionStatistics Probability and Uncertainty010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Quantum
researchProduct

ATHENA WFI optical blocking filters development status toward the end of the instrument phase-A

2018

Copyright 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited. The Wide Field Imager (WFI) is one of the two instruments of the ATHENA astrophysics space mission approved by ESA as the second large mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Science Programme. The WFI, based on a large array of depleted field effect transistors (DEPFET), will provide imaging in the 0.2-15 keV band over a 40'x40' field of view, simultaneously with spectrally an…

X-ray detectorCosmic VisionPhotonX-ray detectorWide Field ImagerField of viewCondensed Matter Physic7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010309 opticsX-ray astronomyOpticsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisica0103 physical sciencesAthenaSpectral resolutionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringOptical blocking filter010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsCMOS sensorbusiness.industryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialDetectorComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionPhoton countingApplied MathematicActive pixel sensor13. Climate actionbusinessDEPFET
researchProduct

Spectroscopic response and charge transport properties of CdZnTe detectors grown by the vertical Bridgman technique

2015

In this work, we present the results of spectroscopic investigations on CdZnTe (CZT) detectors grown by the boron oxide encapsulated vertical Bridgman technique (1MEM-CNR, Parma, Italy). The detectors, with different thicknesses (1 and 2.5 mm), are characterized by the same electrode layout (gold electroless contacts): the anode is a central electrode (2 x 2 mm(2)) surrounded by a guard-ring electrode, while the cathode is a planar electrode covering the detector surface (4.1 x 4.1 mm(2)). The results of electrical investigations point out the low leakage currents of these detectors even at high bias voltages: 38 nA/cm(2) (T = 25 degrees C) at 10000 V/cm. The time stability and the spectros…

Zinc tellurideRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials sciencebusiness.industryInstrumentationDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleElectrical engineeringTemperature measurementCathodePhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)law.inventionAnodelawElectrodeCadmium alloysOptoelectronicsCadmium telluridePhotonicsbusinessInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physic
researchProduct

Quantum wells within quantum dots, a CdS/HgS nanoheterostructure with global and local confinement

1998

Semiconductor nanocrystals prepared by methods of wet chemistry are similar to MBE grown quantum dots where the mobility of the charge carriers is reduced to zero dimensionality. In this paper we summarize the physics of a unique system in which the charge carriers are locally confined within a heterogeneous quantum dot. With high resolution electron microscopy we will show that epitaxial growth ot atomic layer precision is possible by methods of solution chemistry leading to CdS quantum dots with embedded HgS quantum wells (QDQWs). The photophysics of this system is investigated by time-correlated single photon counting, transient differential absorption and fluorescence line narrowing spe…

business.industryChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringElectronic structureCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectPhoton countingCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceEffective mass (solid-state physics)SemiconductorQuantum dotQuantum dot laserOptoelectronicsCharge carrierbusinessQuantum well
researchProduct

Direct Measurement of Mammographic X-Ray Spectra with a Digital CdTe Detection System

2012

In this work we present a detection system, based on a CdTe detector and an innovative digital pulse processing (DPP) system, for high-rate X-ray spectroscopy in mammography (1–30 keV). The DPP system performs a height and shape analysis of the detector pulses, sampled and digitized by a 14-bit, 100 MHz ADC. We show the results of the characterization of the detection system both at low and high photon counting rates by using monoenergetic X-ray sources and a nonclinical X-ray tube. The detection system exhibits excellent performance up to 830 kcps with an energy resolution of 4.5% FWHM at 22.1 keV. Direct measurements of clinical molybdenum X-ray spectra were carried out by using a pinhole…

digital pulse processingmammographyAnalytical chemistrylcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAnalytical ChemistryCdTe detectorsCdTe detectorOpticsmedicineCadmium CompoundsMammographylcsh:TP1-1185Computer SimulationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationPhysicsDosimetermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAttenuationSpectrum AnalysisX-RaysDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalehigh photon counting rateCdTe detectors Digital Pulse Processing MammographySignal Processing Computer-AssistedAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhoton countingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Full width at half maximumX-ray spectroscopy; high photon counting rate; CdTe detectors; digital pulse processing; mammographyIonization chamberX-ray spectroscopyTelluriumbusinessHalf-value layerSensors; Volume 12; Issue 6; Pages: 8390-8404
researchProduct

High Bias Voltage CZT Detectors for High-flux Measurements

2017

In this work, we present the performance of new travelling heater method (THM) grown CZT detectors, recently developed at IMEM-CNR Parma, Italy. Thick planar detectors (3 mm thick) with gold electroless contacts on CZT crystals grown by Redlen Technologies (Victoria BC, Canada) were realized, with a planar cathode covering the detector surface (4.1 x 4.1 mm(2)) and a central anode (2 x 2 mm(2)) surrounded by a guard ring electrode. The detectors, characterized by low leakage currents at room temperature (4.7 nA/cm(2) at 1000 V/cm), allow good room temperature operation even at high bias voltages (> 7000 V/cm). At low rates, the detectors exhibit an energy resolution around 4 % FWIEM at 59.5…

radiation detectorRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingMaterials sciencePreamplifier02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlawpixel0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physic010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleElectrical engineeringBiasing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhoton countingCathodeSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)AnodeElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCZTFull width at half maximumHigh Fluxhigh bias voltageOptoelectronicssemiconductor detector0210 nano-technologybusinessVoltage
researchProduct

High-rate x-ray spectroscopy in mammography with a CdTe detector: A digital pulse processing approach

2010

Purpose:Direct measurement of mammographic x-ray spectra under clinical conditions is a difficult task due to the high fluence rate of the x-ray beams as well as the limits in the development of high resolution detection systems in a high counting rate environment. In this work we present a detection system, based on a CdTe detector and an innovative digital pulse processing (DPP) system, for high-rate x-ray spectroscopy in mammography. Methods: The DPP system performs a digital pile-up inspection and a digital pulse height analysis of the detector signals, digitized through a 14-bit, 100 MHz digitizer, for x-ray spectroscopy even at high photon counting rates. We investigated on the respon…

x-ray spectroscopy CdTe detectors high photon counting rate digital pulse processing mammography
researchProduct