Search results for "Physics::Accelerator Physics"

showing 10 items of 1235 documents

Highly localized accelerating beams using nano-scale metallic gratings

2015

Spatially accelerating beams are non-diffracting beams whose intensity is localized along curvilinear trajectories, also incomplete circular trajectories, before diffraction broadening governs their propagation. In this paper we report on numerical simulations showing the conversion of a high-numerical-aperture focused beam into a nonparaxial shape-preserving accelerating beam having a beam-width near the diffraction limit. Beam shaping is induced near the focal region by a diffractive optical element that consists of a non-planar subwavelength grating enabling a Bessel signature. This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the project TEC2011-29120…

PhysicsDiffractionCurvilinear coordinatesWave propagationWave propagationbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsGratingInvariant optical fieldsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeOpticsDiffraction theorysymbolsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessNanoscopic scaleIntensity (heat transfer)Beam (structure)Bessel functionÓpticaOptics Communications
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Achromatic Fresnel diffraction patterns

1993

Abstract A novel method for obtaining a single, but arbitrary, achromatic Fresnel diffraction pattern of any pupil with broadband parallel illumination is presented. The optical device simply consists of an achromatic objective and an on-axis zone plate. A criterion for selecting the system parameters in order to minimize the residual chromatic aberrations is given. The recording of the selected diffraction field is obtained with low chromatic aberrations even for white-light illumination. An experimental verification is shown to illustrate this approach.

PhysicsDiffractionField (physics)business.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPhysics::OpticsZone plateResidualAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOpticslawAchromatic lensChromatic aberrationBroadbandPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessFresnel diffraction
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White-light Fourier transformer with low chromatic aberration.

1992

A simple Fourier transformation system working with broadband parallel illumination is presented. The proposed setup, consisting of two on-axis zone plates and an achromatic objective, allows us to obtain the achromatic Fourier transform representation of the input at a finite distance with a low chromatic aberration. The discussion of the system, using the Fresnel diffraction theory, leads to an analytical expression to evaluate the transversal and longitudinal chromatic aberrations. It is shown that the resulting chromatic aberrations for typical values of the involved parameters are less than 1% over the entire visible spectrum.

PhysicsDiffractionGeometrical opticsbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformlawAchromatic lensChromatic aberrationsymbolsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsBusiness and International ManagementbusinessTransformerFresnel diffractionVisible spectrumApplied optics
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Nonparaxial shape-preserving Airy beams with Bessel signature

2014

Spatially accelerating beams that are solutions to Maxwell equations may propagate along incomplete circular trajectories. Taking these truncated Bessel fields to the paraxial limit, some authors have sustained that it has recovered the known Airy beams (AiBs). Based on the angular spectrum representation of optical fields, we demonstrated that the paraxial approximation rigorously leads to off-axis focused beams instead of finite-energy AiBs. The latter will arise under the umbrella of a nonparaxial approach following elliptical trajectories in place of parabolas. The analytical expression of such a shape-preserving wave field under Gaussian apodization is disclosed by using third-order no…

PhysicsDiffractionParaxial approximationFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAngular spectrum methodsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsMaxwell's equationssymbolsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsLimit (mathematics)Representation (mathematics)Bessel functionBeam (structure)Optics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Electromagnetic scattering by a strip grating with nonplanar illumination

1993

An angular-spectrum method combined with the Galerkin procedure has been used to evaluate the electromagnetic scattering of a beam radiated by an aperture antenna after being incident obliquely upon a strip grating. Integral expressions for the transmitted and reflected fields are obtained. The incident beam radiated by the antenna is diffracted in several beams corresponding to the propagative Floquet harmonics. An angular shift of the transmitted and reflected fundamental harmonic beams has been shown. Comparison between numerical and experimental results validates this method. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

PhysicsDiffractionScatteringbusiness.industryAntenna apertureGratingCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsHarmonicsHarmonicPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAntenna (radio)businessBeam (structure)Computer Science::Information TheoryMicrowave and Optical Technology Letters
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Generation of accelerating beams using nano-scale metallic circular gratings

2014

Spatially accelerating beams that are solutions to the Maxwell equations may propagate along incomplete circular trajectories, after which diffraction broadening takes over and the beams spread out. In this paper we report on numerical simulations that show the conversion of a high-numerical-aperture focused beam into a nonparaxial shape-preserving accelerating beam having a beam-width near the diffraction limit. Beam shaping is induced by a diffractive optical element that consists of a non-planar sub-wavelength grating enabling a Bessel signature.

PhysicsDiffractionbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsGratingDiffraction efficiencysymbols.namesakeOpticsMaxwell's equationsLimit (music)symbolsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsbusinessNanoscopic scaleBeam (structure)Bessel function2014 16th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Characterization of Hong-Ou-Mandel bunched states by quantum homodyne tomography

2014

We experimentally demonstrate quantum homodyne tomography of Hong-Ou-Mandel bunched states, which are created by dynamically adjusting emission timings of two heralded single photons using coupled cavities.

PhysicsDirect-conversion receiverPhotonPhoton statisticsHomodyne detectionQuantum mechanicsPhysics::OpticsPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsCoherent statesQuantum PhysicsTomographyQuantumCharacterization (materials science)
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Extension of Electron Monte Carlo Dose Calculation in Eclipse to Siemens Linear Accelerators

2009

Initially, the implementation of the macro Monte Carlo (MC) method into Eclipse (Varian Medical Systems), named eMC, was carried out for Varian accelerators only. In this work eMC algorithm has been modified to allow also accurate dose calculations for electron beams for Siemens accelerators.

PhysicsDose calculationNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyPhysics::Medical PhysicsSiemensMonte Carlo methodPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsElectronLinear particle acceleratorEclipseMedical systemsComputational physics
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The influence of Fermi motion on the comparison of the polarization transfer to a proton in elastic e→p and quasi-elastic e→A scattering

2019

Abstract A comparison between polarization-transfer to a bound proton in quasi-free kinematics by the A ( e → , e ′ p → ) knockout reaction and that in elastic scattering off a free proton can provide information on the characteristics of the bound proton. In the past the reported measurements have been compared to those of a free proton with zero initial momentum. We introduce, for the first time, expressions for the polarization-transfer components when the proton is initially in motion and compare them to the 2H data measured at the Mainz Microtron (MAMI). We show the ratios of the transverse ( P x ) and longitudinal ( P z ) components of the polarization transfer in H 2 ( e → , e ′ p → …

PhysicsElastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringInitial momentumNuclear TheoryKinematicsPolarization (waves)01 natural sciences7. Clean energyTransverse plane0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsMicrotronFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopePhysics Letters B
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Measurements of the antiproton-proton elastic cross section in the beam momentum range between 180 and 600 MeV/c

1991

The differential cross section for antiproton-proton elastic scattering has been measured for the beam momenta between 180 and 600 MeV/c. The real-to-imaginary ratio of the forward elastic scattering amplitude is derived from the Coulomb-nuclear interference. The ratio is found to be close to zero between 180 and 500 MeV/c with a minimum ofρ=−0.14 at 260 MeV/c. This result is contrary to model predictions. The phase shifts for thes-,p- andd-waves are extracted. The partial wave compositions of the elastic and inelastic cross sections have been determined. A large contribution of thep-wave is identified in the antiproton-proton interactions at small momenta.

PhysicsElastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy PhysicsProtonNuclear TheoryPhase (waves)Nuclear physicsMomentumCross section (physics)AmplitudeAntiprotonPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentParticle Physics - ExperimentBeam (structure)Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei
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