Search results for "Planification"
showing 10 items of 30 documents
Social inequality at school and educational policies
2003
This study looks at the links between school and social inequalities, both the way in which school may cultivate such inequalities, and the educational policies that can play a role in limiting them. The booklet provides what is one of only very few summaries of the plentiful literature devoted to the subject. It reveals the scale and various aspects of social inequalities, and, with reference to sociological research, discusses their origin both within families and in the daily functioning of schools and the classroom. This is followed by a description of educational policies for reducing inequalities in the school careers of children and young people, ranging from classroom-based measures…
La planification en matière d'aménagement et d'urbanisme
2009
International audience
Trois algorithmes intelligents pour la numérisation 3D automatique d'objets inconnus
2013
National audience; Ce papier propose trois approches itératives et intelligentes de planification de vue pour la numérisation 3D d'objets sans connaissance a priori de leurs formes. La première méthode est une approche simple et naïve basée sur la génération d'un ensemble de points de vues par échantillonnage régulier de l'enveloppe englobante des données acquises. La deuxième méthode est basée sur une analyse de l'orientation des différentes parties acquises. La troisième méthode vise à explorer les parties de l'objet qui figurent dans la limite du champ de visibilité et est basée sur un couplage de la visibilité angulaire avec la visibilité réelle par lancer de rayons. Les résultats de nu…
Automatic production of three-dimensionnel models by 3D digitization
2012
The manual 3D digitization process is expensive since it requires a highly trained technician who decides about the different views needed to acquire the object model. The quality of the final result strongly depends, in addition to the complexity of the object shape, on the selected viewpoints and thus on the human expertise. Nowadays, the most developed digitization strategies in industry are based on a teaching approach in which a human operator manually determines one set of poses for the ranging device. The main drawback of this methodology is the influence of the operator's expertise. Moreover, this technique does not fulfill the high level requirement of industrial applications which…
Aux origines de la planification, instrument des collectivités territoriales
2013
International audience
Constructing the Audit Risk Assessment by the Audit Team Leader When Planning: Using Fuzzy Theory
2021
The aim of this study is to construct the assessment of the expected audit risk by the audit team leader (ATL) during the planification phase of the audit. The ATL plays an important role within the audit, and even more so regarding small and medium-sized (SME) audit firms. The audit risk assessment is critical as relying more (less) on internal controls implemented by the client leads to performing less (more) substantive audit procedures. This is determined by the ATL based on their professional judgement and previous experience. The use of fuzzy theory has powerful potential into the audit arena, as the audit risk assessment (outcome) is critically related to the auditors’ judgement and …
Conditions de la légalité de l'élaboration d'un plan local d'urbanisme
2013
International audience
Comment apprécier la compatibilité d'un PLU avec les normes supérieures ?
2018
International audience
Gestion stratégique des coûts : Du management des activités (ABC-ABM) au Lean management
2012
National audience; Dans un monde économique en perpétuelle évolution, la stratégie de la chaîne de valeur et sa déclinaison en termes d’activités façonnent les méthodes de gestion stratégique des coûts les plus élaborées. Pourtant, cette logique d’association des consommations de ressources à la création de valeur repose sur une hypothèse fondamentale, la pertinence et le caractère complet de l’information de marché. Parallèlement au raffinement des méthodes de calcul des coûts, s’est développée la philosophie du Lean Management. Cette approche s’appuie sur la mise en tension permanente de l’entreprise. Celle-ci est contrainte à évoluer, à se modifier. C’est ce mouvement permanent d’amélior…
Les modèles de simulation pour la planification de l'éducation en Afrique subsaharienne. Une simplicité appauvrissante et inféconde
2014
More than elsewhere, the issues covering educational planning are important in sub-Saharan Africa. Simulation models are the main tool of this type of planning. Most were designed or inspired by the World Bank or UNESCO. Yet, these models are too simplistic. This simplicity is a choice, although it is badly argued. The resulting vagueness is totally unacceptable, although imperceptible due to the simplicity of the models, which are not testable by facts. The simulation models are thus a sham and African educational systems continue to suffer grave imbalance in the allocation of resources. The conception of quality models, designed with a genuine concern to guide action, is possible and urge…