Search results for "Plant"
showing 10 items of 11944 documents
Variability and cryptic heteromorphism of Ambrosia artemisiifolia seeds: What consequences for its invasion in France
2007
International audience; Background and Aims:Ambrosia artemisiifolia is a ruderal weed introduced from North America to Europe. It produces large amount of achenes which are highly heterogeneous in size. Due to the preponderant role of propagules in invasive plant processes, the achene mass variability related to germination, dispersal strategy and life history traits of offspring were investigated within this species. Methods:The variability in achene mass was quantified among six populations sampled in different habitats. The effects of achene mass variation on germination were studied. The percentages of floating and non-floating achenes were evaluated in the studied populations. The cons…
Effect of prefabricated thermoformable foot orthoses on plantar surface temperature after running: A gender comparison.
2020
Abstract There is a lack of evidence about the effect of different type of foot orthoses on plantar surface temperature. Moreover, that effect could be different depending on gender due to anatomical and physiological differences between men and women. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of a prefabricated thermoformable foot orthosis on plantar surface temperature after running and taking gender differences into account. Thirty recreational runners (15 males, mean (standard deviation): 28 (7) years, 69.7 (6.5) kg, 1.74 (0.05) cm and 22.9 (1.7) kg/m2; and 15 females: 35 (7) years, 55.2 (6.9) kg, 1.63 (0.06) cm and 20.6 (1.9) kg/m2) carried out a maximum incremental test as pre-te…
Comparison of different methods to assess the distribution of alien plants along the road network and use of Google Street View panoramas interpretat…
2021
The survey by foot in the field is compared to the survey from a car, the photo-interpretation of Google Street View (GSV) panoramas continuously and at intervals of 1.5 km and the photo-interpretation of Google Earth aerial images on a 10 km stretch of road in Sicily. The survey by foot was used as reference for the other methods. The interpretation of continuous GSV panoramas gave similar results as the assessment by car in terms of the number of species identified and their location, but with lower cost. The interpretation online of aerial photos allowed the identification of a limited number of taxa, but gave a good localisation for them. Interpretation of GSV panoramas, each of 1.5 km,…
Effect of NaCl road salt on the ionic composition of soils and Aesculus hippocastanum L. foliage and leaf damage intensity.
2021
AbstractWe investigated the accumulation of sodium chloride in roadside soils and common horse chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. under urban conditions to evaluate changes in soil and leaf ionic content and their relationship with foliar damage, considering the visual assessment of trees of the same health status. A total of 15 field sites were assessed in late June 2016. The analysis included soil granulometric composition, pH, electrical conductivity, and the content of Cl−, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions in soil and foliage samples. The results showed increased salinity and alkalization of roadside soils together with the decreased magnesium content. Foliage samples manifested significant…
El modelo cooperativo de sistemas agroalimentarios de innovación: el caso ANECOOP y el sistema citrícola valenciano
2015
English title: The cooperative model of agri-food innovation systems: ANECOOP and the Valencian citrus industry; International audience; Globalisation brings pressure on regional production systems to become regional production and innovation systems in order to maintain their competitiveness. However, the heterogeneity of the companies in these systems makes it difficult to respond to these challenges and obliges the response to be collective and mesoeconomic. To date, there has been a defence of the leadership of some private companies and other intermediaries such as business associations as vehicles of this process, but the part that cooperatives play in it has barely been studied. This…
Control of Erigeron bonariensis with Thymbra capitata, Mentha piperita, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Santolina chamaecyparissus Essential Oils
2020
In the search of sustainable and environmentally friendly methods for weed control, there is increasing interest in essential oils (EOs) as an approach to reduce synthetic herbicide use. The phytotoxicity of Thymbra capitata, Mentha piperita, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and Santolina chamaecyparissus EOs against the noxious weed Erigeron bonariensis were evaluated in pre- and post-emergence assays in greenhouse conditions. The EOs were applied at 2, 4, and 8 µ
Trioxys liui Chou & Chou, 1993 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae): an invasive aphid parasitoid attacking invasive Takecallis species (Hemiptera, …
2020
Biological invasion of aphids and other insects has been increased due to long distance commercial transportation of plant material. The bamboo-aphid-parasitoid association is strictly specific and even though it does not develop interactions with the local environment it should be listed as part of the fauna of southwestern Europe. On-going research regarding aphids and their aphidiine parasitoids in Spain has yielded a new association of Trioxys liui Chou & Chou, 1993 with an undescribed species of Takecallis aphids on bamboo, Phyllostachys spp. Here we present the first association of T. liui with aphids of the genus Takecallis that attack bamboos. Trioxys liui is known as a parasitoid o…
The rhizosphere of mycorrhizal plants
2002
Providing that appropriate carbon substrates are available, microbial communities are able to develop a range of activities which are crucial in maintaining a biological balance in soil (Bowen and Rovira 1999), a key issue for the sustainability of either natural ecosystems or agroecosystems (Kennedy and Smith 1995). Soil-borne microbes have a particular microhabitat in which to flourish. In particular, they are bound to the surface of soil particles or found in soil aggregates, while others interact specifically with the plant root system (Glick 1995). The root-soil interface is actually a dynamic changing environment, a microcosm where microorganisms, plant roots and soil constituents int…
Wild and cultivated mushrooms as a model of sustainable development
2013
The natural resources are currently overexploited and since 1992 the Conference of Rio de Janeiro has focused on sustainable development to safeguard our planet for future generations. The Fungi kingdom includes producers of goods and services for ecosystems and organisms widely used in the food industry. Besides, macrofungi are recognized as nontimber forest products and could be utilized as agents of environmental management through weed biocontrol and environmental improvement. Moreover, the cultivation of fungi, in particular truffles, can provide an important income in agroecosystems, especially in marginal areas, along with the development of new technologies to produce novel products…
The interplay of landscape composition and configuration: new pathways to manage functional biodiversity and agroecosystem services across Europe
2019
Managing agricultural landscapes to support biodiversity and ecosystem services is a key aim of a sustainable agriculture. However, how the spatial arrangement of crop fields and other habitats in landscapes impacts arthropods and their functions is poorly known. Synthesising data from 49 studies (1515 landscapes) across Europe, we examined effects of landscape composition (% habitats) and configuration (edge density) on arthropods in fields and their margins, pest control, pollination and yields. Configuration effects interacted with the proportions of crop and non-crop habitats, and species’ dietary, dispersal and overwintering traits led to contrasting responses to landscape variables. O…