Search results for "Pneumococcal Vaccines"

Cost-Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Vaccination of Older People: A Study in 5 Western European Countries

1999

Pneumococcal vaccination of older persons is thought to be cost-effective in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia, but evidence of clinical protection is uncertain. Because there is better evidence of vaccination effectiveness against invasive pneumococcal disease, we determined the cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination of persons agedor =65 years in preventing hospital admission for both invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia in 5 western European countries. In the base case analyses, the cost-effectiveness ratios for preventing invasive disease varied from approximately 11,000 to approximately 33,000 European currency units (ecu) per quality-adjusted life year (QAL…

Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) concurrently administered with a DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib combi…

2006

Abstract Background To evaluate immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of a hexavalent combination vaccine diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio virus- Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib) when coadministered with a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Methods Infants received either a hexavalent diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio virus- H. influenzae type b vaccine concomitantly with PCV7 or DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib alone infants were vaccinated at 2, 3 and 4 months (primary immunization) and 12–15 months of age (booster dose). Local and systemic reactions and adverse events were monitored following each do…

The potential for pneumococcal vaccination in Hajj pilgrims: expert opinion.

2013

Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and is one of the largest mass gathering events in the world. Acute respiratory tract infections are very common during Hajj, primarily as a result of close contact among pilgrims, intense congestion, shared accommodation and air pollution. A number of vaccines are (or have been) recommended for Hajj pilgrims in recent years. Several additional vaccines could significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality at Hajj and should be considered in health recommendations for pilgrims. Pneumococcal vaccines (particularly for those aged >65 years) are widely available, and have been shown to reduce the burden of disease associat…

Factors associated with influenza vaccination of hospitalized elderly patients in Spain

2016

Vaccination of the elderly is an important factor in limiting the impact of influenza in the com- munity. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with influenza vacci- nation coverage in hospitalized patients aged 65 years hospitalized due to causes unrelated to influenza in Spain. We carried out a cross-sectional study. Bivariate analysis was performed comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, taking in to account sociodemographic variables and medical risk conditions. Multivariate analysis was per- formed using multilevel regression models. We included 1038 patients: 602 (58%) had received the influenza vaccine in the 2013 - 14 season. Three or more general p…

Immune response to the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine after the 7-valent conjugate vaccine in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipien…

2009

The current recommendations for active immunization after stem cell transplant (SCT) include 3 doses of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) from 3 months after transplant, followed by a 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PPV23). However, until now, the immune response to PPV23 after PCV7 has not been assessed after SCT. In the EBMT IDWP01 trial, 101 patients received 1 dose of PPV23 at 12 or 18 months, both after 3 doses of PCV7. The efficacy of PPV23 was assessed 1 month later and at 24 months after transplant by the pneumococcal serotype 1 and 5 antibody levels. Serotype 1 and 5 are not included in PCV7. Although the geometric mean concentrations were significantly …

Safety, tolerability, and immunologic noninferiority of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vacc…

2010

13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was compared to PCV7 in infants administered 4 doses. For the 7 common serotypes, PCV13- and PCV7-elicited responses showed comparable percent responders achieving 0.35mug/mL IgG threshold (exception 6B, 77.5% versus 87.1%, respectively) and OPA titers of 1:8; IgGs were lower than PCV7 but functional responses were generally comparable. For the 6 additional serotypes, PCV13-elicited IgG and functional OPA responses were notably greater than PCV7. The toddler dose boosted immune responses. Vaccines were comparable with regard to safety. PCV13 should be as effective as PCV7 in preventing pneumococcal disease caused by the common serotypes and m…

Pneumococcal vaccination in celiac disease

2019

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disorder associated with gluten exposure in genetically predisposed subjects. Areas covered: Infectious disease is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in CD patients. Invasive streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a particularly dangerous morbid condition in both the general population and celiac patients. Pneumococcal vaccination is the most effective means for its prevention. Expert opinion: In CD, evaluation of spleen function should be useful to select patients who may benefit from vaccination to reduce the risk of pneumococcal disease. Different strategies could be employed: physicians could search for signs of hypos…

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for acute otitis media—yes or no?

2003

Assessing vaccine efficacy for the prevention of acute otitis media by pneumococcal vaccination in children: a methodological overview of statistical…

2006

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common bacterial infectious disease among children. Vaccination is proposed to prevent otitis and several clinical trials were performed to assess the efficacy of pneumococcal vaccines. The way vaccine efficacy is analysed varies among trials. However, the clinical meaning of an estimate of vaccine effect and its statistical test depends on the applied statistical method. We aim to bring the meaning and validity of statistical trial results to the attention of researchers. We consider all methodological approaches for analysing vaccine efficacy applied in pneumococcal vaccination trials included in a recent Cochrane Review. We demonstrate how different m…