Search results for "Polar"

showing 10 items of 3817 documents

Photoinduced mass transport in soft materials

2011

The surface relief grating formation in amorphous As2S3 and azo-benzene polymer films strongly depends on the polarization state of recording beams. The surface relief grating formation efficiency of s-s and p-p recording beam combination can be essentially enhanced by additional illumination with orthogonal polarization. It is shown that the direction of mass transport on the film surface is determined by the direction of light electric vector.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMass transportMaterials sciencebusiness.industryOrthogonal polarization spectral imagingPhysics::OpticsPolymerPolarization (waves)Soft materialsAmorphous solidOpticschemistrybusinessBeam (structure)Electric vectorIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Photosensitive polyurethanes for optical record

2011

The method of synthesis of photosensitive polyurethanes polymers on glycerine, toluenediisocyanate and Disperse Red 1 base has been described. Two types of polymers with different amount of Disperse Red 1 fragments in macromolecules were compared. Films of the polymers were obtained from solutions in organic solvents on glass substrate. The dry film thickness was in the range of 3,5 - 4.5 μm. The transmission spectrums of the films were studied. Possibility of formation of side product in the process of synthesis was observed. The photobirefringence measurements of polymers films were performed. Surface relief grating (SRG) formation was observed during polarization holographic recording pr…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceBase (chemistry)Atomic force microscopyHolographyPolymerSubstrate (electronics)law.inventionchemistryChemical engineeringlawPolymer chemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)Holographic recordingMacromoleculeSPIE Proceedings
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Polarization holographic recording in Disperse Red1 doped polyurethane polymer film

2011

In this report holographic recording of polarisation and surface relief gratings in Disperse Red 1 (DR1) doped polyurethane polymer films was studied. In this material DR1 is chemically bounded to polyurethane polymer main chain. Polarization holographic recording was performed by two orthogonal circularly polarized 532 nm laser beams. Photoinduced birefringence is a precondition for polarization holograms recording, therefore a detailed study of a photoinduced birefringence and changes of optical properties was performed. The lasers with wavelengths of 375nm, 448nm, 532 nm and 632.8 nm were used as pumping beam for sample excitation. The photoinduced birefringence Δn was measured at 532 nm…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceBirefringencebusiness.industryDopingHolographyPolymerLaserPolarization (waves)law.inventionWavelengthOpticschemistrylawOptoelectronicsbusinessExcitationIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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Design and characterization of bi-functional electrocatalytic layers for application in PEM unitized regenerative fuel cells

2010

Abstract Results concerning the development and characterization of bi-functional electrocatalytic layers for application in unitized regenerative fuel cells (URFCs) based on proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology are reported. Carbon-supported hydrophobic (10 wt.% of PTFE) Pt catalysts (40 wt.% of Pt), and Pt and Ir black powders of large specific areas have been synthesized. Their structure, morphology and electrochemical properties have been investigated using SEM, TEM, XRD analysis, and by measurements of polarization curves and cyclic voltammograms. Current–voltage curves have been recorded during water electrolysis and H 2 /O 2 fuel cell experiments to evaluate their performances a…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceElectrolysis of waterRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentAnalytical chemistryEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyProton exchange membrane fuel cellPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsElectrochemistryAnodeCatalysisFuel TechnologyMembraneChemical engineeringchemistryPolarization (electrochemistry)International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Second harmonic generation in self-assembled alternating multilayers of hemicyanine containing polymers and polyvinylamine

1995

Abstract Assembly of noncentrosymmetric multilayers is a facile technique for preparing noncentrosymmetric films avoiding electrical poling procedures and problems from subsequent relaxation of the induced orientational order. A maximum Xzzz of 13 × 10−9 esu was achieved for the assembly of up to six layers. Current problems are the long-term hydrolysation of the hemicyanine nonlinear optical chromophores and the reduction of polar orientation with increasing layer thickness.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceNanostructurebusiness.industrySuperlatticePolingRelaxation (NMR)Metals and AlloysAnalytical chemistrySecond-harmonic generationSurfaces and InterfacesPolymerChromophoreSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryMaterials ChemistryOptoelectronicsPolarbusinessThin Solid Films
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Photoresponsive Ferroelectric Liquid-Crystalline Polymers

2007

The photoresponse of ferroelectric smectic side-chain liquid-crystalline (LC) polymers containing a photoisomerizable azobenzene derivative as a covalently linked photochromic side group is investigated. By static measurements in different photostationary states, the effect of trans-cis isomerization on the material's phase-transition temperatures and its ferroelectric properties (spontaneous electric polarization Ps and director tilt angle 0) are analyzed. It turns out that the Curie temperature (transition S C * to S A ) can be reversibly shifted by up to 17 °C. The molecular mechanism of this "photoferroelectric effect" is studied in detail using time-resolved measurements of the dye's o…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryFerroelectricityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundPhotochromismPolarization densityAzobenzenechemistryPhase (matter)ElectrochemistryOrganic chemistryCurie temperatureIsomerizationAdvanced Functional Materials
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Magneto-Transport Results in SAM Based MTJs

2015

This chapter is dedicated to the description of the magneto-transport results obtained in LSMO/SAM/Co magnetic tunnel nanojunctions fabricated by nanoindentation lithography technique. We started by focusing on the study of LSMO/C12P/Co MTJs. This because C12P is a medium size alkyl chain: long enough to avoid short-circuits in the junction but short enough to give a device resistance in the order of few tens of MO and thus easier to measure. Next, we started to tune the molecule thickness from C10P to C18P (from 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain to 18). This allowed on one hand to validate our system by comparing the exponential increase of the junction resistance to the one reported in t…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceSpin polarizationbusiness.industryNanoindentationTunnel magnetoresistanceMolecular levelchemistryMoleculeOptoelectronicsbusinessLithographyMagnetoAlkyl
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Optical Field-Induced Mass Transport in Soft Materials

2013

Abstract The dependence of the surface relief formation in amorphous chalcogenide (As 2 S 3 and As-S-Se) and Disperse Red 1 dye grafted polyurethane polymer films on the polarization state of holographic recording light beams was studied. It is shown that the direction of lateral mass transport on the film surface is determined by the direction of light electric vector and photoinduced anisotropy in the film. We propose a photoinduced dielectropfhoretic model to explain the photoinduced mass transport in amorphous films. Model is based on the photoinduced softening of the matrix, formation of defects with enhanced or decreased polarizability, and their drift under the electrical field gradi…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryChalcogenideHolographic recordingPolymerOptical fieldSurface relief gratingsPhysics and Astronomy(all)Polarization (waves)Molecular physicsAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOpticschemistryAmorphous chalcogenide filmsAzo-dye polymersPolarizabilityCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityLight beambusinessAnisotropyPhysics Procedia
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Dielectric and plasmonic waveguides based on quantum dots embedded in polymers

2013

espanolEn este trabajo se propone una revision de la implementacion de guias de onda activas basadas en la dispersion de puntos cuanticos coloidales (QDs) en polimeros. Para ello, guias de onda planas fueron fabricadas embebiendo distintos tipos de nanoestructuras semiconductoras con emision en el visible e infrarrojo (CdS, CdTe, CdSe, PbS) en PMMA, encontrandose las condiciones optimas para el guiado de su fotoluminiscencia y sus propiedades de ganancia y atenuacion. Si varios tipos de puntos son dispersados en la misma capa se propagan varios colores, siendo posible obtener luz blanca con las proporciones adecuadas de rojo, verde y azul. Asimismo, el guiado puede ser mejorado si una cubie…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringGold filmDielectricPolymerSurface plasmon polaritonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticschemistryPlasmonic waveguideQuantum dotWhite lightOptoelectronicsbusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)PlasmonOptica Pura y Aplicada
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Hormone Effects on the Membrane Potential and on Sucrose-Induced Depolarization of Young <italic>Citrus</italic> Leaves

1992

chemistry.chemical_classificationMembrane potentialSucrosePhysiologyDepolarizationCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineBiologybiology.organism_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundRutaceaechemistryBiochemistryAuxinBotanyGibberellinAbscisic acidCitrus × sinensisPlant and Cell Physiology
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