Search results for "Polyester"

showing 10 items of 221 documents

Influence of molecular weight and polydispersity on phase behaviour of polyesters with laterally fixed or cross-shaped mesogens

1991

Abstract To supplement previous studies of polyesters with laterally attached and cross-shaped mesogens the influence of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution on the phase behaviour has been investigated. For that purpose two polyesters have been fractionated by preparative gel permeation chromatography under high pressure and observed by polarizing microscopy and DSC measurements. A monotropic nematic polyester with laterally attached mesogens shows changing phase transitions up to a molecular weight of 10 000 (Mw); at higher molecular weight only the clearing transition is still slightly influenced. The molecular weight distribution at an average molecular weight of 15 000 (M…

Phase transitionMaterials scienceEnthalpyDispersityRecrystallization (metallurgy)General ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsPolyesterGel permeation chromatographyChemical engineeringLiquid crystalMolar mass distributionOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceLiquid Crystals
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Monodomain Liquid Crystal Main Chain Elastomers by Photocrosslinking

2007

A new synthetic strategy for the preparation of macroscopically oriented smectic main chain liquid crystal elastomers (MC-LCE) by the photocrosslinking of laterally functionalized polyesters is presented. X-ray measurements proved the formation of the monodomain and allowed a quantitative determination of the order parameter. The thermo-actuation of our material at the phase transition from the liquid-crystalline to the isotropic phase was demonstrated by temperature dependent measurements of the sample length, showing a fully reversible shape change of � 40%. Mechanical measurements showed that the sample can be stretched by up to 60% along the smectic layer normal without any reorientatio…

Phase transitionMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryIsotropyThermodynamicsContext (language use)ElastomerPolyesterLiquid crystalPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryStress relaxationMacromolecular Rapid Communications
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Nanosized shape-changing colloids from liquid crystalline elastomers.

2010

A method to prepare shape-changing nanospheres from liquid crystalline elastomers is reported. The nanosized colloids are prepared by a miniemulsion process. During this process, colloids are prepared from a liquid crystalline (LC) main-chain polyester and subsequently crosslinked into a nanometer-sized LC elastomer. The ability of these LC elastomers to change their shape at the phase transition temperature from the smectic A to the isotropic phase was detected by temperature-dependent transmission electron microscopy. The phase transition-induced shape change leads to strongly shape anisotropic nanosized elastomer particles.

Phase transitionMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPolyestersdigestive oral and skin physiologyOrganic ChemistryNanoparticleElastomerLiquid CrystalsMiniemulsionPolyesterChemical engineeringElastomersTransmission electron microscopyPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryNanoparticlessense organsParticle sizeColloidsParticle SizeMacromolecular rapid communications
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Assessment of pro-oxidant activity of natural phenolic compounds in bio-polyesters

2018

Abstract In this work, natural phenolic compounds, such as Vanillic Acid (VA), Ferulic Acid (FA) and Thymol (Th), at very high concentrations, have been considered as pro-oxidant agents for Polylactic acid (PLA). Specifically, thin films of neat PLA and PLA-based systems containing 2 and 3 wt% of VA, FA and Th have been produced and subjected to accelerated degradation in different environmental conditions. Preliminary characterizations, through rheological, mechanical, optical and morphological analysis, of the formulated PLA-based systems show that the VA and FA, even less the Th, are able to exert a plasticizing action during the processing and subsequently, the PLA crystallinity and rig…

Photo-and thermo-oxidationNatural phenolic compoundPolymers and Plastics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPolylactic acidFerulic acidHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallinitystomatognathic systemPolylactic acidPro-oxidant activityMaterials ChemistryVanillic acidrespiratory system021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsPro-oxidantHydrolysi0104 chemical sciencesPolyesterSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryMechanics of MaterialsDegradation (geology)lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)0210 nano-technologyNuclear chemistryPolymer Degradation and Stability
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Establishment of a pulmonary epithelial barrier on biodegradable poly-L-lactic-acid membranes

2019

Development of biocompatible and functional scaffolds for tissue engineering is a major challenge, especially for development of polarised epithelia that are critical structures in tissue homeostasis. Different in vitro models of the lung epithelial barrier have been characterized using non-degradable polyethylene terephthalate membranes which limits their uses for tissue engineering. Although poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) membranes are biodegradable, those prepared via conventional Diffusion Induced Phase Separation (DIPS) lack open-porous geometry and show limited permeability compromising their use for epithelial barrier studies. Here we used PLLA membranes prepared via a modification of the…

PhysiologyCell MembranesCell Culture TechniquesBiocompatible Materials02 engineering and technologyEpitheliumTissue engineeringAnimal CellsAbsorbable ImplantsMaterials TestingElectric ImpedanceMedicine and Health SciencesLungTissue homeostasisBarrier functionStaining0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryTissue ScaffoldsTight junctionPolyethylene TerephthalatesChemistryQRCell Staining021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMembrane StainingElectrophysiologyMembranePhysical SciencesMedicineCytokinesBiological CulturesCellular Structures and OrganellesJunctional ComplexesCellular TypesAnatomy0210 nano-technologyResearch ArticleCell PhysiologySciencePolyestersMaterials ScienceMaterial PropertiesResearch and Analysis MethodsMembrane PotentialPermeabilityCell LineTight Junctions03 medical and health sciencesCell AdhesionHumans030304 developmental biologyBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)Tissue EngineeringBiology and Life SciencesEpithelial CellsMembranes ArtificialCell BiologyCell CulturesBiological TissueAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Specimen Preparation and TreatmentCell culturePermeability (electromagnetism)BiophysicsCytokine secretionPLOS ONE
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Nanoencapsulation in Lipid-Core Nanocapsules Controls Mometasone Furoate Skin Permeability Rate and Its Penetration to the Deeper Skin Layers

2013

<b><i>Aims:</i></b> The influence of nanoencapsulation of mometasone furoate (MF) in poly(ε-caprolactone) lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) on its in vitro human skin permeation and penetration was evaluated. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Semisolid formulations were prepared by increasing the viscosity of LNC using a carbomer (Carbopol® Ultrez at 0.5% w/v). Two complementary techniques (the static Franz diffusion cell model and the Saarbrücken penetration model) were used to evaluate skin permeation/penetration. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The drug release rate was decreased by nanoencapsulation. The skin permeability of MF was control…

PhysiologyPolyestersSkin AbsorptionMometasone furoateHuman skinDermatologySkin permeabilityPharmacologyPermeabilityNanocapsulesNanocapsulesmedicineStratum corneumHumansParticle SizePregnadienediolsSkinPharmacologyintegumentary systemChemistryGeneral MedicinePenetration (firestop)PermeationLipidsmedicine.anatomical_structureSelf-healing hydrogelsMometasone Furoatemedicine.drugBiomedical engineeringSkin Pharmacology and Physiology
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Activation of the first component of complement, C1: comparison of the effect of sixteen different enzymes on serum C1.

1983

In this study, the effect of sixteen different enzymes on serum C1 and its subcomponents was investigated. The sixteen enzymes could be divided into three groups. First, enzymes which activate native C1: trypsin (optimal concentration 2.4 x 10(-4) mM); alpha-chymotrypsin (2.3 x 10(3) mM); thrombin (1.0 x 10(-5) mM); plasmin (1.9 x 10(-5) mM); elastase (5.8 x 10(-5) mM); pronase (3.0 x 10(-6) mM). All these enzymes are serine esterase and activate native serum C1 bound to EAC4 at the given concentration within 10 min at 30 degrees C. Furthermore, native C1 inhibited by a pentosanpolysulfoester, Sp54, is unable to undergo the internal activation but can be externally activated by the serine e…

PlasminComplement Activating EnzymesImmunologyGuinea PigsDose-Response Relationship ImmunologicPronaseSerinechemistry.chemical_compoundComplement C1medicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHumansTrypsinFibrinolysinComplement Activationchemistry.chemical_classificationPentosan Sulfuric PolyesterbiologyHematologyTrypsinCarboxypeptidaseKineticsEnzymeBiochemistrychemistrybiology.proteinCollagenaseCattleRabbitsLysozymemedicine.drugPeptide HydrolasesImmunobiology
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Thermotropic polyesters with mesogenic groups based on substituted hydroquinone units and highly flexible siloxan spacer in the main chain

1984

New thermotropic Polyesters having mesogenic groups based on substituted hydroquinone units and highly flexible oligosiloxan spacer in the main chain, are synthesized and characterized. The mesophase formed at low temperature are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized light microscopy. The liquid crystalline behaviour of these polyesters, particulary their transition temperatures and the mesophase width could be explained on the basis of their structural features.

Polarized light microscopyMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsMesogenMesophaseGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsThermotropic crystalPolyesterDifferential scanning calorimetryLiquid crystalPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryGlass transitionPolymer Bulletin
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Biodegradable tablets having a matrix of low molecular weight poly-L-lactic acid and poly-D,L-lactic acid.

1990

Biodegradable Homo- and Copolymers of lactic and glycolic acids have been used for manufacture of microparticles and matrix implants1,5). To ensure sufficient hydrolytic matrix stability lactic acids of high and medium degree of polymerization have been used. The manufacture of poly lactic acid tablets with an average molecular weight of 25000 and 6000 was reported recently, after finishing the following study2). Bioabbaubare Gerusttabletten aus niedermolekularer poly-L-Milchsaure und poly-D,L-Milchsaure

Poly l lactic acidChemistryPolymersMatrix stabilityPolyestersPharmaceutical ScienceStereoisomerismDegree of polymerizationLactic acidMatrix (chemical analysis)Molecular WeightHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryCopolymerLactatesMolar mass distributionOrganic chemistryLactic AcidBiotransformationTabletsArchiv der Pharmazie
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Development of polymer-based nanoparticles for Zileuton delivery to the lung : PMeOx and PMeOzi surface chemistry reduces interactions with mucins

2021

In this paper, two amphiphilic graft copolymers were synthesized by grafting polylactic acid (PLA) as hydrophobic chain and poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMeOx) or poly(2-methyl-2-oxazine) (PMeOzi) as hydrophilic chain, respectively, to a backbone of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D,L-aspartamide (PHEA). These original graft copolymers were used to prepare nanoparticles delivering Zileuton in inhalation therapy. Among various tested methods, direct nanoprecipitation proved to be the best technique to prepare nanoparticles with the smallest dimensions, the narrowest dimensional distribution and a spherical shape. To overcome the size limitations for administration by inhalation, the nano-into-micr…

Poly(2-oxazoline)sPolymers116 Chemical sciencesPharmaceutical ScienceMedicine (miscellaneous)Nanoparticle02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsNanoparticlePolylactic acidCopolymerPolyaminesHydroxyureaGeneral Materials SciencePoly(2-oxazine)sDRUG-DELIVERYCells Culturedchemistry.chemical_classificationDrug CarriersCHALLENGESAIRWAY MUCUSPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGraftingDIFFUSIONPolyaspartamidePULMONARY DELIVERYDrug deliveryMolecular Medicine0210 nano-technologyHydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactionsmedicine.drugLung inflammationPolyestersBiomedical EngineeringINHIBITIONBioengineeringBronchi010402 general chemistryPolylactic acidZileutonAmphiphileAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansPoly(2-oxazoline)RELEASEMucinsBronchial DiseasesEpithelial CellsZileuton0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemical engineeringSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoNanoparticlesASTHMAPoly(2-oxazine)
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