Search results for "Polygala"
showing 8 items of 18 documents
Acylated Preatroxigenin Glycosides from Atroxima congolana
2003
Six new acylated bisdesmosidic preatroxigenin saponins named atroximasaponins E1, E2 (1, 2), F1, F2 (3, 4), and G1, G2 (5, 6) were isolated as three inseparable mixtures of the trans- and cis-p-methoxycinnamoyl derivatives, from the roots of Atroxima congolana. Their structures were established through extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylpreatroxigenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1--4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1--2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1--3)]-[4-O-trans-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-beta-D-fucopyranoside (atroximasaponin E1, 1), and its cis-isomer, atroximasaponin E2 (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylpreatroxigenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1--4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(…
Three New Triterpene Saponins from Two Species of Carpolobia
2002
Three new acetylated triterpene saponins 1-3 were isolated from the roots of Carpolobia alba and C. lutea. Their structures were established mainly by 2D NMR techniques as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylpresenegenin-28-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-(3,4-di-O-acetyl)-beta-D-fucopyranosyl ester, 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylpresenegenin-28-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-(3,4-di-O-acetyl)-beta-D-fucopyranosyl ester, and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylpresenegenin-28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl…
Three New Medicagenic Acid Saponins from Polygala micranthaGuill. & Perr.
2011
Three new medicagenic acid saponins, micranthosides A–C (1–3), were isolated from the roots of Polygala micranthaGuill. & Perr., along with six known presenegenin saponins. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments (1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC) and mass spectrometry as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosylmedicagenic acid 28-[O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(14)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(14)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-β-D-fucopyranosyl] ester (1), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosylmedicagenic acid 28-[O-6-O-acetyl-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(14)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(14)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-β-D-fucopyranosyl] ester (2), and 3-O-{O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(13)-O-[β-D-gluc…
New Acylated Saponins fromPolygala myrtifolia
2003
The ten new acylated presenegenin (=(2β,3β,4α)-2,3,27-trihydroxyolean-12-ene-23,28-dioic acid) glycosides 1–10 have been isolated by successive MPLC from the roots of Polygala myrtifolia L. as five inseparable mixtures of the trans- and cis-4-methoxycinnamoyl derivatives, i.e., myrtifoliosides A1/A2 (1/2), B1/B2 (3/4), C1/C2 (5/6), D1/D2 (7/8), and E1/E2 (9/10). Their structures were elucidated mainly by extensive spectroscopic experiments, including 2D NMR techniques, as 3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)presenegenin 28-{O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(13)-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(14)-O-[D-apio-β-D-furanosyl-(13)]-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(13)]-4-O-(trans-4-methoxycinnamoyl)-β-D-fucopy…
Triterpene Saponins from Four Species of the Polygalaceae Family
2005
Twelve triterpene saponins were isolated by successive MPLC over silica gel from four species of Polygalaceae: From Polygala ruwenzoriensis, five new saponins 1–5 of which 1–4 as two pairs of (E)/(Z)-isomers, together with the four known compounds tenuifoline, (E)- and (Z)-senegasaponin b, (E)- and (Z)-senegin II, and polygalasaponin XXVIII, from the genus Carpolobia, one new saponin 6 from C. alba and the known arilloside (11) from C. lutea, and another new triterpene glycoside 7 from Polygala arenaria. Their structures were established mainly by 600-MHz 2D-NMR techniques (1H,1H-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, HMBC) as 3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)presenegenin 28-{O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 4)-O-β-D-…
New Acylated Triterpene Saponins fromPolygala arenaria
2003
Eight new acylated triterpene saponins 1–8 were isolated from the roots of Polygala arenaria as four inseparable (E)/(Z) mixtures of the 4-methoxycinnamoyl and 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl derivatives by repeated MPLC over silica gel. Their structures were established mainly by 600-MHz 2D-NMR techniques (1H,1H-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, HMBC) as 3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)presenegenin 28-(O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(14)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(13)]-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(14)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(12)-{4-O-[(E)-4-methoxycinnamoyl]}-β-D-fucopyranosyl) ester and its (Z)-isomer (1/2), 3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)presenegenin 28-(O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(14)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(13)]-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(14)-O-α-L…
Improved micropropagation in Polygala myrtifolia
2004
Stem segments from apical shoot tips of Polygala myrtifolia were used as primary explants to establish in vitro cultures. Axillary shoots produced on noncontaminated explants were excised and recultured in the same medium to increase the stock of shoot cultures. Equal molar concentrations of five cytokinins 2-isopentenyladenine (2iP), kinetin, zeatin, N6-benzyladenine (BA) and adenine were tested for ability to induce axillary shoot development from double node stem segments. The highest rate of axillary shoot proliferation was induced on Murashige and Skoog agar medium supplemented with 1.8 M BA. Seven indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations (2.8, 5.7, 8.6, 11.4, 14.3, 17.1 M) were t…
The endopolygalacturonase 1 from botrytis cinerea activates grapevine defense reactions unrelated to its enzyumatic activity
2003
A purified glycoprotein from Botrytis cinerea(strain T4), identified as endopolygalacturonase 1 (T4BcPG1) by mass spectrometry analysis, has been shown to activate defense reactions in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Gamay). These reactions include calcium influx, production of active oxygen species, activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinases, defense gene transcript accumulation, and phytoalexin production. Most of these defense reactions were also activated in grapevine in response to purified oligogalacturonides (OGA) with a degree of polymerization of 9 to 20. In vivo, these active OGA might be a part of the released products resulting from endopolygalacturonase activity on plan…