Search results for "Polymerase Chain Reaction"
showing 10 items of 1854 documents
A differential role of CREB phosphorylation in cAMP-inducible gene expression in the rat pineal
2000
In the rat pineal gland cAMP mediates nocturnal induction of the enzyme arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT) as well as of transcription factors such as inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), Fos-related antigen-2 (Fra-2) and JunB. Cyclic AMP stimulates the phosphorylation of the DNA binding protein cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). While cAMP-induced CREB phosphorylation appears to be a prerequisite for AA-NAT and ICER gene expression, it is not known whether CREB phosphorylation accounts for the full cAMP response of the two genes. Furthermore, the significance of CREB phosphorylation in cAMP-activated Fra-2 and JunB transcription is unknown. In the present in vitro stu…
Ionizing radiation-induced E-selectin gene expression and tumor cell adhesion is inhibited by lovastatin and all-trans retinoic acid
2004
E-selectin mediated tumor cell adhesion plays an important role in metastasis. Here we show that ionizing radiation (IR) induces E-selectin gene and protein expression in human endothelial cells at therapeutically relevant dose level. E-selectin expression is accompanied by an increase in the adhesion of human colon carcinoma cells to primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin impairs IR-stimulated E-selectin expression as analyzed at the level of the protein, mRNA and promoter. Inactivation of Rho GTPases either by use of Clostridium difficile toxin A or by co-expression of dominant-negative Rho blocked IR-induced E-selectin gene indu…
The Arabidopsis Copper Transporter COPT1 Functions in Root Elongation and Pollen Development
2004
Copper plays a dual role in aerobic organisms, as both an essential and a potentially toxic element. To ensure copper availability while avoiding its toxic effects, organisms have developed complex homeostatic networks to control copper uptake, distribution, and utilization. In eukaryotes, including yeasts and mammals, high affinity copper uptake is mediated by the Ctr family of copper transporters. This work is the first report on the physiological function of copper transport in Arabidopsis thaliana. We have studied the expression pattern of COPT1 in transgenic plants expressing a reporter gene under the control of the COPT1 promoter. The reporter gene is highly expressed in embryos, tric…
Development of S/MAR minicircles for enhanced and persistent transgene expression in the mouse liver.
2010
We have previously described the development of a scaffold/matrix attachment region (S/MAR) episomal vector system for in vivo application and demonstrated its utility to sustain transgene expression in the mouse liver for at least 6 months following a single administration. Subsequently, we observed that transgene expression is sustained for the lifetime of the animal. The level of expression, however, does drop appreciably over time. We hypothesised that by eliminating the bacterial components in our vectors, we could improve their performance since bacterial sequences have been shown to be responsible for the immunotoxicity of the vector and the silencing of its expression when applied i…
Differential Roles of Macrophages in Diverse Phases of Skin Repair
2010
Abstract Influx of macrophages plays a crucial role in tissue repair. However, the precise function of macrophages during the healing response has remained a subject of debate due to their functional dichotomy as effectors of both tissue injury and repair. We tested the hypothesis that macrophages recruited during the diverse phases of skin repair after mechanical injury exert specific functions to restore tissue integrity. For this purpose, we developed a mouse model that allows conditional depletion of macrophages during the sequential stages of the repair response. Depletion of macrophages restricted to the early stage of the repair response (inflammatory phase) significantly reduced the…
Quantitative real-time ARMS-qPCR for mitochondrial DNA enables accurate detection of microchimerism in renal transplant recipients
2011
Hoerning A, Kalkavan H, Rehme C, Menke J, Worm K, Garritsen HSP, Buscher R, Hoyer PF. Quantitative real-time ARMS-qPCR for mitochondrial DNA enables accurate detection of microchimerism in renal transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: 809–818. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: The presence of microchimerism in peripheral blood of solid organ transplant recipients has been postulated to be beneficial for allograft acceptance. Kinetics of donor cell trafficking and accumulation in pediatric allograft recipients are largely unknown. In this study, we implemented SNPs of the HVRs I and II of mitochondrial DNA to serve as molecular genetic markers to detect donor-specific…
Common genomic structure for the Lepidoptera cadherin-like genes.
2005
A cadherin-like protein present in the midgut epithelial cells of Lepidoptera is associated with insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins. We describe for the first time the genes that encode the cadherin-like proteins in Ostrinia nubilalis, Helicoverpa armigera, and Bombyx mori, and analyze their organization. These genes encompass 19.6 kb, 20.0 kb, and 41.8 kb of genomic DNA, respectively, and despite the size heterogeneity, they are all composed of 35 exons that are linked by 34 introns. In contrast to the high variability noted for the sizes of the introns, the sizes of the coding exons were almost completely preserved among the three species, because the intronic sequence…
bilbo, a non-LTR retrotransposon of Drosophila subobscura: a clue to the evolution of LINE-like elements in Drosophila
1997
We used the repetitive character of transposable elements to isolate a non-LTR retrotransposon in Drosophila subobscura. bilbo, as we have called it, has homology to TRIM and LOA elements. Sequence analysis showed a 5' untranslated region (UTR), an open reading frame (ORF) with no RNA-binding domains, a downstream ORF that had structural homology to that of the I factor, and, finally, a 3' UTR which ended in several 5-nt repeats. The results of our phylogenetic and structural analyses shed light on the evolution of Drosophila non-LTR retrotransposons and support the hypothesis that an ancestor of these elements was structurally complex.
Philogenetics of Sea Urchin Tripneustes gratilla using Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 Gene
2021
Sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla is multifunction organism that can be used as potential food source because of its high nutrient content. This organism can also be utilized bioindicator of sea waters and as a modal of organism for studying biology’s purposes. The purposes of this research is studying Filogenetic of sea urchin T. gratilla from waters of Wasior and Serui. The research has been doing at the Biotechnology Laboratory of the state of University of Papua on November to December 2009. The sample was extracted by using Chelex 10 % and was amplified with PCR technic (polymerase chain reaction). Sequencing of CO I gens (cythocrome oxidase subunit I) was done using sequencher ABI 377 (…
Quasispecies dynamics and molecular evolution of human norovirus capsid P region during chronic infection.
2009
In this novel study, we have for the first time identified evolutionarily conserved capsid residues in an individual chronically infected with norovirus (GGII.3). From 2000 to 2003, a total of 147 P1-1 and P2 capsid sequences were sequenced and investigated for evolutionarily conserved and functionally important residues by the evolutionary trace (ET) algorithm. The ET algorithm revealed more absolutely conserved residues (ACR) in the P1-1 domain (47/53, 88 %) as compared with the P2 domain (86/133, 64 %). The capsid P1-1 and P2 domains evolved in time-dependent manner, with a distinct break point observed between autumn/winter of year 2000 (isolates P1, P3 and P5) and spring to autumn of y…