Search results for "Polysaccharide"
showing 10 items of 635 documents
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of a new fish-virulent Vibrio vulnificus serovar that lacks potential to infect humans.
2007
Vibrio vulnificus is a bacterial species that is virulent for humans and fish. Human isolates are classified into biotypes 1 and 3 (BT1 and BT3) and fish isolates into biotype 2 (BT2). However, a few human infections caused by BT2 isolates have been reported worldwide (zoonosis). These BT2 human isolates belong to serovar E (SerE), which is also present in diseased fish. The aim of the present work was to characterize a new BT2 serovar [serovar A (SerA)], which emerged in the European fish-farming industry in 2000, by means of phenotypic, serological and genetic [plasmid profiling, ribotyping and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)] methodologies. The results confirmed that SerA constit…
Comparative study of biological properties and electrophoretic characteristics of lipopolysaccharide from eel-virulent and eel-A virulent Vibrio vuln…
1999
ABSTRACT In Vibrio vulnificus , virulence for eels is associated with serovar E strains. In this study, we investigated some biological properties of purified lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from serovar E and non-serovar E strains. Purified LPSs retained their O-polysaccharidic side chains and did not show any differences that could be related to host specificity, except for serological differences.
Electrophoretic analysis of heterogeneous lipopolysaccharides from various strains of Vibrio vulnificus biotypes 1 and 2 by silver staining and immun…
1992
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of 11 strains of Vibrio vulnificus biotypes 1 and 2, isolated from an eel farm, and of 10 reference strains, were examined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis coupled with silver staining and immunoblotting. LPS samples were obtained from whole-cell lysates, outer membrane fragments, and extracellular products. By silver staining, only a diffuse band of low-molecular weight could be visualized in all cases except for a biotype 1 strain isolated from water. However, immunoblotting with antisera obtained against strains of biotypes 1 and 2 from eels allowed visualization of multiple O-polysaccharide chains. All biotype 2 strains, independently of their origins,…
Immunogenic antigens of the eel pathogen Vibrio vulnificus serovar E.
2003
Abstract The immunogenic antigens of Vibrio vulnificus serovar E were investigated in the eel. Fish were vaccinated by immersion with Vulnivaccine (V), revaccinated 2 years later by intraperitoneal injection (RV) and bath infected 15 days post-revaccination (RVI). The specific immune response in serum was followed in all groups, and selected sera were used for immunostaining of surface (SA) and extracellular antigens (ECA). Bacteria were grown in iron-rich (TSB and MSWYE) and iron-poor media (TSB and MSWYE plus human transferrin (TSB-T and MSWYE-T)) as well as eel serum (ES), and their SA and ECA were extracted and electrophoretically analysed. Cells grown in MSWYE-T and ES presented the sa…
First description of non-motile Yersinia ruckeri serovar I strains causing disease in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), cultured in Spain.
2006
Yersinia ruckeri, the causal agent of enteric redmouth (ERM) disease, was isolated from epizootics that occurred in different Spanish rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), farms in which vaccination against ERM had been performed. In all episodes, the most pronounced clinical signs exhibited by affected fish were severe haemorrhages in the mouth, eyes and around the vent. The isolates were identified as Y. ruckeri serovar I by 16S rRNA sequencing together with serological tests. They lacked motility and lipase activity and thus belonged to biotype 2, and were highly virulent for juvenile rainbow trout, both by intraperitoneal injection (from 3.1 x 10(2) to 6.3 x 10(3) cfu per fish) …
Core Oligosaccharide of Plesiomonas shigelloides PCM 2231 (Serotype O17) Lipopolysaccharide — Structural and Serological Analysis
2013
The herein presented complete structure of the core oligosaccharide of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) P. shigelloides Polish Collection of Microorganisms (PCM) 2231 (serotype O17) was investigated by (1)H, (13)C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, chemical analyses and serological methods. The core oligosaccharide is composed of an undecasaccharide, which represents the second core type identified for P. shigelloides serotype O17 LPS. This structure is similar to that of the core oligosaccharide of P. shigelloides strains 302-73 (serotype O1) and 7-63 (serotype O17) and differs from these only by one sugar residue. Serological screening of 55 strains of P. shigelloides with the use of serum agai…
Bioactive glass ions induce efficient osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells encapsulated in gellan gum and collagen type I hydrogels
2019
Abstract Background Due to unmet need for bone augmentation, our aim was to promote osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) encapsulated in gellan gum (GG) or collagen type I (COL) hydrogels with bioactive glass (experimental glass 2-06 of composition [wt-%]: Na2O 12.1, K2O 14.0, CaO 19.8, P2O5 2.5, B2O3 1.6, SiO2 50.0) extract based osteogenic medium (BaG OM) for bone construct development. GG hydrogels were crosslinked with spermidine (GG-SPD) or BaG extract (GG-BaG). Methods Mechanical properties of cell-free GG-SPD, GG-BaG, and COL hydrogels were tested in osteogenic medium (OM) or BaG OM at 0, 14, and 21 d. Hydrogel embedded hASCs were cultured in OM or BaG OM fo…
Inulin for Cancer Therapy: Present and Perspectives
2017
Inulin is an extremely adaptable polysaccharides consisting of glucopyranose end-capped (β-1,2) fructose repeating units and, as it is, can be classified as an inherently multifunctional polymeric scaffold. It may be further functionalized employing mild conditions to give rise desired biological and physicochemical properties exploitable for targeted anticancer applications (e.g., active targeting toward specific cytotypes, self-assembling behavior, selective cytoxicity and hyperthermia features). In this review, the main chemical features and the inulin derivatives applications in the field of targeted anticancer therapy is reported and discussed
Advanced electrospun matrices based on polysaccharide derivatives for applications in regenerative medicine
2021
The complete regeneration of damaged human tissues and organs is still a significant challenge. The integrative use of biomaterials, cells and bioactive factors in all-in-one devices exploits all current knowledge of materials science, nanotechnology and stem cell biology to best mimic the complex hierarchical architecture of native tissues. The artificial microenvironment design must be properly tuned to match the physicochemical features of the target, offering adequate nanoscale patterns and biological domains for cellular interactions. Scaffolds must promote and guide the regeneration route by mimicking host signalling pathways through the controlled release and retention of drugs or gr…