Search results for "Ponding"

showing 10 items of 34 documents

Images perceived after chromatic or achromatic contrast sensitivity losses.

2010

Purpose. We simulate how subjects with losses in chromatic and achromatic contrast sensitivity perceive colored images by using the spatiochromatic corresponding pair algorithm. Methods. This is a generalized version of the algorithm by Capilla et al. (J Opt Soc Am (A) 2004;21:176 –186) for simulating color perception of color deviant subjects, which incorporates a simple spatial vision model, consisting of a linear filtering stage, with a band-pass achromatic filter and two low-pass chromatic ones, for the red-green and blue-yellow mechanisms. These filters, except for the global scaling, are the subject’s contrast sensitivity functions measured along the cardinal directions of the color s…

Retinal Ganglion CellsBrightnessgenetic structuresColor visionmedia_common.quotation_subjectModels NeurologicalCorresponding pair algorithmColor spaceChromatic and achromatic CSFslaw.inventionContrast SensitivitylawImages simulationContrast (vision)HumansComputer visionChromatic scaleSensitivity (control systems)LightingÓpticaMathematicsmedia_commonbusiness.industryDiabetesColorfulnessGlaucomaOphthalmologyPattern Recognition VisualAchromatic lensArtificial intelligencebusinessColor PerceptionMathematicsOptometryOptometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
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Soil and water losses from new citrus orchards growing on sloped soils in the western Mediterranean basin

2009

Ten representative research sites were selected in eastern Spain to assess soil erosion rates and processes in new citrus orchards on sloping soils. The experimental plots were located at representatives sites on limestone, in areas with 498 to 715 mm year−1 mean annual rainfall, north-facing slopes, herbicide treated, and new (less than 3 years old) plantations. Ten rainfall simulation experiments (1 h at 55 mm h−1 on 0·25 m2 plots) were carried out at each of the 10 selected study sites to determine the interill soil erosion and runoff rates. The 100 rainfall simulation tests (10 × 10 m) showed that ponding and runoff occurred in all the plots, and quickly: 121 and 195 s, respectively, fo…

Return periodHydrologygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryGeography Planning and DevelopmentSedimentMediterranean BasinSoil waterEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)ErosionLeveeSurface runoffPondingGeologyEarth-Surface ProcessesEarth Surface Processes and Landforms
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Comparing Beerkan infiltration tests with rainfall simulation experiments for hydraulic characterization of a sandy-loam soil

2017

[EN] Saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, K-s, data collected by ponding infiltrometer methods and usual experimental procedures could be unusable for interpreting field hydrological processes and particularly rainfall infiltration. The K-s values determined by an infiltrometer experiment carried out by applying water at a relatively large distance from the soil surface could however be more appropriate to explain surface runoff generation phenomena during intense rainfall events. In this study, a link between rainfall simulation and ponding infiltrometer experiments was established for a sandy-loam soil. The height of water pouring for the infiltrometer run was chosen, establishing a sim…

Runoff0208 environmental biotechnologySoil sciencerunoff02 engineering and technologyheight of water applicationHeight of water applicationHydraulic conductivitysaturated soil hydraulic conductivitySettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliInfiltrometerPondingWater Science and TechnologyHydrologyEDAFOLOGIA Y QUIMICA AGRICOLASoil classification04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesrainfall simulationBodemfysica en LandbeheerInfiltration (HVAC)6. Clean water020801 environmental engineeringSoil Physics and Land ManagementSaturated soil hydraulic conductivitySoil structureBeerkan infiltrationLoam[SDE]Environmental SciencesRainfall simulation040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental science[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologySurface runoffHydrological Processes
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Palermo si cura. Pratiche culturali di mutuo soccorso come risposta alle fragilità della città (post)pandemica

2023

In un quadro di riferimento in cui la crisi è globalizzata ma diseguale e in mancanza di un sistema di welfare capace di rispondere alle urgenze dei contesti e dei gruppi sociali più marginalizzati, una risposta ai nuovi bisogni sociali ed individuali è stata offerta da reti solidali e da pratiche di mobilitazione dal basso che svolgono un ruolo di agency territoriale, spesso indipendentemente o in assenza di Istituzioni. Nel contesto palermitano un impegno agito da una pluralità di soggetti culturali già attivi sul territorio, riuniti in un’assemblea pubblica (Palermo si cura), durante il periodo del primo lockdown hanno dato vita ad azioni di mutuo soccorso per rispondere all’emergenza ec…

Settore ICAR/21 - UrbanisticaIn a framework in which the crisis is globalized but unequal and in the absence of a welfare system capable of responding to the urgencies of the most marginalized contexts and social groups a response to the new social and individual needs has been offered by networks of solidarity and from bottom-up mobilization practices that play a role of territorial agency often independently or in the absence of institutions. In the Palermo context a commitment made by a plurality of cultural subjects already active in the area gathered in a public assembly (Palermo si cura) during the period of the first lockdown gave rise to mutual aid actions to respond to the economic emergency and social and offer a proposal to cure the fragility of the city based not on charity but on the claim of a political dimension of collective action. Starting from the analysis of initiatives such as "Un sorriso per Ballarò" and "Abbiamo un (bi)sogno" the contribution analyzes the role the incidence and the fragility of these experiences in providing answers - often filling gaps - to a general interest and how these processes of value creation can hopefully contribute to the construction of local government policies capable of addressing emerging issues.
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Ancora sulle "esplosive palatali" nelle inchieste dell'Atlante Linguistico del Mediterraneo (ALM): i punti albanesi

2021

Tra i «Problemi redazionali» emersi in fase di controllo e organizzazione dei materiali giunti dalla campagna di rilevamenti dell’Atlante Linguistico del Mediterraneo (ALM), Berruto (1971-1973) rileva la proliferazione e l’eterogeneità di alcune scelte grafemiche operate da diversi raccoglitori che, impegnati in una trascrizione più o meno puntuale delle risposte ottenute, avevano interpretato e risolto variamente alcune delle indicazioni previste nel sistema di trascrizione fonetica che accompagnava il Questionario. Particolarmente complesso era emerso il quadro relativo alla trascrizione di alcune consonanti del settore “palatale”, per le quali i grafemi (e i foni a essi corrispondenti) p…

Settore L-FIL-LET/12 - Linguistica ItalianaAmong the «Editorial problems» that emerged during the control and organization of the materials coming from the survey campaign of the Atlante Linguistico del Mediterraneo (ALM) Berruto (1971-1973) notes the proliferation and heterogeneity of some graphemic choices made by different field researchers. As they were engaged in a more or less punctual transcription of the answers obtained they had interpreted and solved differently some of the directions provided in the phonetic transcription system that accompanied the Questionnaire. The picture relating to the transcription of some consonants of the palatal sector had emerged as particularly complex since the graphemes (and the corresponding phones) foreseen in the original system (ALM 1959) were insufficient. Not even the 1971 updates meant to improve the representation of some phonetic features emerged from the investigations in the operations of Response reviewing allowed to obtain a clear homogeneous picture regarding the «plosive palatal» consonants. With regard to the phonetic trait under scrutiny I have already had the opportunity to propose a path aiming to the achievement of possible operational solutions. This has taken place in view of the planned simplification / homologation and transcoding phase from the ALM original system to the IPA one - while proceeding from the examination of the Schedoni’s current state with regard to the surveys referring to central-southern Italy Corsica and Sicily (see Matranga 2019). The scope is now to investigate the same phonetic trait as proven in the materials about the surveys carried out by Lirak Dodbiba in the ALM’s three Albanian points.
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Testing steady-state analysis of single-ring and square pressure infiltrometer data

2016

Testing reliability of the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, Ks, estimated by applying the steady-state single-ring (SR) model to the quasi steady-state infiltration rates obtained with a single-ring pressure infiltrometer (PI) increases confidence in the estimated Ks values. Determining a means to estimate Ks from infiltration data collected with a square infiltrometer allows the use of sources of different shapes. Using numerically simulated infiltration rates for six homogeneous soils ranging in texture from sand to silty clay loam, this investigation suggested an overall good performance of the SR model, with estimated Ks values differing by not more than 25% from the true values f…

Single-ring pressure infiltrometer0208 environmental biotechnologySquare infiltrometerSoil ScienceSoil scienceNumerical simulation04 agricultural and veterinary sciences02 engineering and technologyInfiltration (HVAC)020801 environmental engineeringSaturated soil hydraulic conductivityHydraulic conductivityLoamSoil water040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesInfiltrometerSpatial variabilitySaturation (chemistry)PondingMathematicsGeoderma
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On Association Models Defined over Independence Graphs

1998

Conditions on joint distributions are given under which two variables will be conditionally associated whenever an independence graph does not imply a corresponding conditional independence statement. To this end the notions of parametric cancellation, of stable paths and of quasi-linear models are discussed in some detail.

Statistics and ProbabilityCombinatoricsStatement (computer science)Discrete mathematicsConditional independenceJoint probability distributionIndependence (mathematical logic)Matrix decompositionParametric statisticsCholesky decompositionMathematicsCorresponding conditionalBernoulli
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Estimating hydraulic conductivity of a crusted loamy soil from beerkan experiments in a Mediterranean vineyard

2017

In bare soils of semi-arid areas, surface crusting is a rather common phenomenon due to the impact of raindrops. Water infiltration measurements under ponding conditions constitute a common way for an approximate characterization of crusted soils. In this study, the impact of crusting on soil hydraulic conductivity was assessed in a Mediterranean vineyard (western Sicily, Italy) under conventional tillage. The BEST (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters) algorithm was applied to the infiltration data to obtain the hydraulic conductivity of crusted and uncrusted soils. Soil hydraulic conductivity was found to vary during the year and also spatially (i.e., rows vs. inter-rows) due to…

TillageHydrologyInfiltration (hydrology)Conventional tillageGeographyHydraulic conductivityLoamSoil waterSoil scienceVineyardPonding
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Phase coexistence in finite van der Waals systems

1999

Phase coexistence in finite systems obeying van der Waals equation of state is studied by minimizing a model free energy function for a spherical liquid droplet and a gaseous phase around it. Phase diagrams are calculated for finite systems with a large range of sizes. According to this model, the highest temperature where a droplet and vapour can exist in equilibrium decreases as N −0.4, where N is the number of particles in the system. The model predicts higher equilibrium vapour pressures than molecular dynamics simulations.

Van der Waals equationParticle numberChemistryBiophysicsThermodynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsTheorem of corresponding statesPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeMolecular dynamicsPhase (matter)symbolsVan der Waals radiusPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryvan der Waals forceMolecular BiologyPhase diagram
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Using Beerkan experiments to estimate hydraulic conductivity of a crusted loamy soil in a Mediterranean vineyard

2019

Abstract In bare soils of semi-arid areas, surface crusting is a rather common phenomenon due to the impact of raindrops. Water infiltration measurements under ponding conditions are becoming largely applied techniques for an approximate characterization of crusted soils. In this study, the impact of crusting on soil hydraulic conductivity was assessed in a Mediterranean vineyard (western Sicily, Italy) under conventional tillage. The BEST (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters) algorithm was applied to the infiltration data to obtain the hydraulic conductivity of crusted and uncrusted soils. Soil hydraulic conductivity was found to vary during the year and also spatially (i.e., ro…

Water en LandgebruikHydraulic conductivity0207 environmental engineeringSoil science02 engineering and technologyVineyardVineyardSoilBodemSoil Water and Land UseHydraulic conductivitySoil surface crustSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali020701 environmental engineeringPondingWater Science and TechnologyFluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesConventional tillageMechanical EngineeringWater and Land Use04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesHydraulic engineeringPE&RCBodem Water en LandgebruikTillageInfiltration (hydrology)LoamWater infiltration measurementSoil water040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental scienceWater infiltration measurementsBEST procedureTC1-978
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