Search results for "Porte"

showing 10 items of 1894 documents

Ion transport through membranes: A computer experiment

1983

Abstract Gramicidin-A is a linear pentadecapeptide antibiotic, which forms transmembrane channels; these have a number of interesting conductance characteristics [1, 2 and Refs. therein], as for example high specific ion fluxes (a single channel carries about 10 7 sodium ions/sec at 25 °C, 1 M NaCl and 100 mV transmembrane d.d.p.) have a remarkable ion selectivity among the monovalent cations. The permeability ratios with respect to sodium were found to be in following order H + (150) > NH 4 + (8.9) > Cs + (5.8) > Rb + (5.5) > K + (3.9) > Na + (1.0) > Li + (0.33). The channel is impermeable to anions and to divalent cations and it exhibits saturation and maxima in conductance as a function …

chemistry.chemical_classificationTransmembrane channelsAnalytical chemistryKcsA potassium channelConductanceIon Transport ProcessIonDivalentInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryMaterials ChemistryGramicidinPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIon transporterInorganica Chimica Acta
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Factors influencing the transport of tryptophan hydrochloride through supported liquid membranes containing macrocyclic carriers

1997

Commercially available PTFE membranes were used as a support for liquid membranes in amino acid transport. Using tryptophan as a model amino acid, the influence of the type of organic liquid, kind of macrocyclic carrier and counter-ion on transport efficiency was examined. These studies show the strong influence of the kind of the counter-ion co-transported with amino acid cation, and the type of macrocyclic carrier used on the transport efficiency. The transport efficiency depends also on the pH of the source phase and on the nature of the organic liquid used as a membrane solvent. Liquid membranes supported on commercial porous-PTFE-membranes with hydrophobic solvents are stable for more …

chemistry.chemical_classificationamino acidsFacilitated diffusionHydrochlorideInorganic chemistryTryptophanFiltration and SeparationBiochemistrysupported liquid membranesAmino acidmembrane stabilitySolventPartition coefficientchemistry.chemical_compoundMembranechemistryOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials Sciencefacilitated transportPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCounterionJournal of Membrane Science
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Supported liquid membrane separation of amine and amino acid derivatives with chiral esters of phosphoric acids as carriers

2003

Studies on the possible use of phosphate and phosphonate esters bearing chiral menthol or nopol moieties as carriers for the transport of amines, amino acids, and amino acid esters through supported liquid membranes (SLM) are presented. Additionally, the enantioselectivity of the SLM transport of alkyl esters of aromatic amino acids and a non‐protein amino acid was also evaluated. It could be concluded that the extent of transport strongly depends on the hydrophobicity of the amino compound. Moreover, the carrier structure also influences the transport of those compounds through SLM: chiral phosphate and phosphonate esters appear to be poor or moderate carriers for enantioselective SLM tran…

chemistry.chemical_classificationamino acidschiral carriersEnantioselective synthesisenantioseparationFiltration and SeparationPhosphonatesupported liquid membranesAnalytical ChemistryAmino acidchemistry.chemical_compoundMembranechemistryAromatic amino acidsOrganic chemistryAmine gas treatingEnantiomerAlkylJournal of Separation Science
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Concentration of amino acids using supported liquid membranes with di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid as a carrier

1997

Abstract Basic studies of a procedure for extraction of amino acids using a supported liquid membrane containing di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid are presented. The extractions are made from an aqueous donor phase with pH 3 to a more acidic acceptor phase and the mass transfer is driven by the proton gradient between these phases. For 0.01 mM tryptophan and with 1 M HCl as acceptor phase, an extraction efficiency of 60% is obtained, constant up to at least 12 h. This permits concentration enrichment factors linearly increasing with time up to values of at least 150. For higher amino acid concentrations, the extraction efficiency is constant only over shorter time intervals.

chemistry.chemical_classificationamino acidsphosphonic acidAqueous solutionChromatographyDEHPAChemistryExtraction (chemistry)TryptophanDi-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acidBiochemistryAcceptorAnalytical ChemistryAmino acidchemistry.chemical_compoundMembranesupported liquid membrane extractiondi-2-ethylhexylEnvironmental ChemistryPhosphoric acidSpectroscopyAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Transport of amino acids and their phosphonic acid analogues through supported liquid membranes containing macrocyclic carriers. Experimental paramet…

1991

Abstract Amino acid hydrochlorides are well transported through 1-decanol membranes containing Kryptofix 5 or 222 and supported in a porous polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber matrix. Factors which influence the transport of phenylalanine hydrochloride were studied in some detail using this sheet- as well as hollow fibre-supported liquid membranes. These studies show that the choice of the membrane phase, the kind of polymeric support and the mode of membrane preparation are of great importance for the efficiency of the process. The most vital step in the membrane preparation appears to be its activation by soaking in a solution of phenylalanine hydrochloride in a water-ethanol or water-propanol…

chemistry.chemical_classificationorganic separationsamino acid transportChemistryHydrochloridediffusiontechnology industry and agricultureIonophoreAqueous two-phase systemPolyacrylonitrileFiltration and SeparationPhenylalanineBiochemistryMembrane technologyAmino acidchemistry.chemical_compoundMembraneliquid membranePolymer chemistrymembrane carriersOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials Sciencefacilitated transportsupported liquid membranePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryJournal of Membrane Science
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ChemInform Abstract: 1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-1-ene (TBD), 7-Methyl-TBD (MTBD) and the Polymer-Supported TBD (P-TBD): Three Efficient Catalysts …

2010

Abstract The 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) and its 7-methyl derivative (MTBD) have been proven to be of great synthetic utility as catalysts in the nitroaldol (Henry) reaction and for the addition of dialkyl phosphites to a variety of carbonyl compounds. The catalysts were in many cases superior to the parent tetramethylguanidine (TMG). In general the reaction proceeds in a few minutes at 0°C. The polymer-supported-TBD (P-TBD) was also proven to be an efficient promoter of the above cited nucleophilic additions.

chemistry.chemical_compoundAddition reactionNitroaldol reactionchemistryNucleophileOrganic chemistryGeneral MedicineDerivative (chemistry)Ene reactionPolymer supportedCatalysisChemInform
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Asymmetric Aldol Reaction with Polystyrene-Supported Proline-Based Catalysts

2009

chemistry.chemical_compoundHajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reactionNitroaldol reactionAldol reactionchemistryOrganocatalysisOrganocatalysis proline supported-catalysts aldol reaction proline peptidesOrganic chemistryAldol condensationSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaPolystyreneProlineLewis acid catalysisSynfacts
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Asymmetric aldol reaction in water catalyzed by polystyrene-supported proline

2007

chemistry.chemical_compoundHajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reactionchemistryAldol reactionOrganocatalysisOrganic chemistryPolystyreneProlineSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaSupported organocatalystCatalysis
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1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-1- ene (TBD), 7-Methyl-TBD (MTBD) and the polymer-supported TBD (P-TBD):Three efficient catalysts for the nitroaldol (H…

2000

Abstract The 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) and its 7-methyl derivative (MTBD) have been proven to be of great synthetic utility as catalysts in the nitroaldol (Henry) reaction and for the addition of dialkyl phosphites to a variety of carbonyl compounds. The catalysts were in many cases superior to the parent tetramethylguanidine (TMG). In general the reaction proceeds in a few minutes at 0°C. The polymer-supported-TBD (P-TBD) was also proven to be an efficient promoter of the above cited nucleophilic additions.

chemistry.chemical_compoundNitroaldol reactionNucleophileChemistryOrganic ChemistryDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryBiochemistryEne reactionPolymer supportedDerivative (chemistry)Catalysis
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New Perspectives in Polymer-Supported Peptide Synthesis

1982

chemistry.chemical_compoundSolid-phase synthesischemistryPeptide synthesisCombinatorial chemistryPolymer supported
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