Search results for "Positive"
showing 10 items of 1875 documents
N-BiPAP vs n-CPAP in term neonate with respiratory distress syndrome
2020
Abstract Background Non-invasive respiratory ventilation has greatly improved the evolution of respiratory distress in neonates, especially for preterm infants, but few studies have investigated the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in term infants. It is useful for neonatologists and nurses to identify the optimal ventilation strategy in terms of effectiveness for this group of newborns. The aim of our study was to investigate what type of respiratory support between nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (nCPAP) or nasal Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure (nBiPAP) is more effective in term neonates with RDS. Methods Our study was a retrospective observational study of 78 full term n…
Influence of universal HBV vaccination on chronic HBV infection in Italy: Results of a cross-sectional multicenter study
2017
Background and Aim The universal hepatitis B vaccination for infants and 12-year-old adolescents (the latter limited to the first 12 years of application) was launched in Italy in 1991. Twenty-three years later we evaluated the impact of the vaccination campaign on the burden of HBsAg-positive chronic liver diseases (CLD). Material and Methods 513 HBsAg-positive chronic carriers referring to 16 Italian liver units were investigated and compared with HBsAg carriers enrolled in previous surveys. Results The proportion of inactive carriers decreased from 20.0% in 2001 to 3.3% in 2014, while that of cirrhotic patients increased from 22.6 to 33.2%. Regarding the age class 0–33 (fully covered by …
Arginase activity in the blood of patients with visceral leishmaniasis and HIV infection.
2013
Background Visceral leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease associated with high mortality. The most important foci of visceral leishmaniasis in Ethiopia are in the Northwest and are predominantly associated with high rates of HIV co-infection. Co-infection of visceral leishmaniasis patients with HIV results in higher mortality, treatment failure and relapse. We have previously shown that arginase, an enzyme associated with immunosuppression, was increased in patients with visceral leishmaniasis and in HIV seropositive patients; further our results showed that high arginase activity is a marker of disease severity. Here, we tested the hypothesis that increased arginase activities associated wi…
False-positive I-131 whole-body imaging after I-131 therapy for a follicular carcinoma.
1997
A 57-year-old man was treated with ablative radioiodine therapy for follicular thyroid carcinoma. The post-therapeutic whole body scans detected radionuclide accumulation in the area of the right occiput at the site of a cranial defect. The defect was caused by trauma in 1964. Bone scintigraphy did not show increased uptake in this area. Magnetic resonance imaging showed porencephaly, but it did not show a metasasis.
Utility of lateral flow tests in SARS-CoV-2 infection monitorization
2020
Introduction. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for medical and public health reasons, to allow the best treatment of cases and the best control of the pandemic. Serology testing allows for the detection of asymptomatic infections and 19-COVID cases once the virus has been cleared. We analyzed the usefulness of the SARS-CoV-2 rapid test of Autobio and tried to correlate its pattern with the severity of COVID19 infection. Material and methods. We analyzed the accuracy and clinical usefulness of a point-of-care IgM and/or IgG test for SARS-CoV-2 in 35 COVID-19 patients [12 (34.3%) mild-moderate and 23 (65.7%) severe-critical] admitted to a field hospital in Madrid, as well as i…
ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Calcitonin in thyroid and extra-thyroid neuroendocrine neoplasms: the two-faced Janus.
2020
An increased calcitonin serum level is suggestive of a medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), but is not pathognomonic. The possibility of false positives or other calcitonin-secreting neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) should be considered. Serum calcitonin levels are generally assessed by immunoradiometric and chemiluminescent assays with high sensitivity and specificity; however, slightly moderately elevated levels could be attributable to various confounding factors. Calcitonin values >100 pg/mL are strongly suspicious of malignancy, whereas in patients with moderately elevated values (10–100 pg/mL) a stimulation test may be applied to improve diagnostic accuracy. Although the standard protoco…
Impact of the Prone Position in an Animal Model of Unilateral Bacterial Pneumonia Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation
2013
Abstract Background: The prone position (PP) has proven beneficial in patients with severe lung injury subjected to mechanical ventilation (MV), especially in those with lobar involvement. We assessed the impact of PP on unilateral pneumonia in rabbits subjected to MV. Methods: After endobronchial challenge with Enterobacter aerogenes, adult rabbits were subjected to either “adverse” (peak inspiratory pressure = 30 cm H2O, zero end-expiratory pressure; n = 10) or “protective” (tidal volume = 8 ml/kg, 5 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure; n = 10) MV and then randomly kept supine or turned to the PP. Pneumonia was assessed 8 h later. Data are presented as median (interquartile range). Re…
Effects of diabetes definition on global surveillance of diabetes prevalence and diagnosis: a pooled analysis of 96 population-based studies with 331…
2015
Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA1c. We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classification of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having diabetes in a pooled analysis of data from population-based health examination surveys in different regions.
Abnormal thyroid hormones and non-thyroidal illness syndrome in obstructive sleep apnea, and effects of CPAP treatment
2016
Objective In obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), while both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have been studied, the occurrence of non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) (normal thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH] with low triiodotironine) has not been investigated. We explored the occurrence of NTIS in patients with moderate to severe OSA and its relationship to the severity of nocturnal respiratory disorders. We also studied the occurrence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH, ie, high TSH with normal thyroxine) in OSA and changes in circulating TSH, free triiodotironine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) after CPAP treatment. Methods After a nocturnal respiratory polysomnography, 125 consecutive patie…
No Correlation of Pineal "Synaptic" Ribbon Numbers and Melatonin Formation in Individual Rat Pineal Glands
1984
As previous circadian studies of pineal "synaptic" ribbon numbers and melatonin formation suggested that a positive correlation of the two variables exists, in the present investigation this problem was examined in individual pineal glands of rats killed at 1200 h and 2400 h, respectively. For this purpose, one half of the gland was processed for electron microscopy and the ribbons were counted in an area of 20,000 micron2 tissue; in the other half serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and melatonin content were determined. No correlation was found to exist between ribbon numbers and pineal NAT activity, pineal melatonin levels and serum melatonin levels, either at day- or at nightti…