Search results for "Positive"
showing 10 items of 1875 documents
Sleep apnea and its role in transportation safety
2017
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a main cause of excessive daytime sleepiness and increases the risk for driving accidents, which can be normalized by treatment with continuous positive airway pressure ventilation. Since it is estimated that OSA is not diagnosed in about 80% of cases, recognition of patients at risk for driving accidents is a problem from both medical and societal points of view. Strategies to screen and identify subjects at high risk for driving accidents are under study in order to improve safety on the road, especially for commercial drivers, who show a high prevalence of OSA.
Correlation between Polysomnographic Parameters and Tridimensional Changes in the Upper Airway of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients Treated with Mandi…
2021
Background. The effectiveness of mandibular advancement devices has been solidly demonstrated in the past. They are considered a valid alternative treatment to continuous positive airway pressure for patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Nevertheless, the relationship between polysomnographic parameters and the increase in the volume of the upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome has not been clearly established so far. This study aimed to determine the impact of these oral appliances upon the volume of the airway after the device titration phase and correlate it with the degree of mandibular advancement and the improvement of polysomnographic parameters. Methods. Al…
El conjunto mínimo básico de datos al alta hospitalaria como fuente de información para el estudio de las anomalías congénitas
1999
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is that of assessing the validity of the computerized diagnoses of hospital discharges of congenital defects by comparing them with the information included in the medical history. MEANS AND METHODS: Based on the discharge records generated over a one-year period at 7 hospitals in the Autonomous Region of Valencia, 100 children were selected at random from each hospital. As a standard, the diagnoses stated in the medical histories were indexed and coded. Solely those discharges having taken place during the first year of life were considered. A study was also made of the type, seriousness and individual or combinations of congenital defects. A calculation …
Long-term prediction of birth weight
1993
On the basis of the hypothesis that undisturbed individual growth in fetal life keeps a constant proportional difference with the standard population 50th percentile, birth weight can be predicted with a single sonographic exploration after the 16th week of pregnancy. Data on 135 singleton pregnancies with accurate dates and delivery at term were used. Sonography was performed between the 17th and 36th weeks of pregnancy, in every case at least 4 weeks before delivery. The observed measurements of BPD, FL, and AC were used for the prediction of their values on the day of delivery, applying the Hadlock equation for the estimation of birth weight. The mean error of birth weight predictions wa…
Is kidney a new organ target in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? Research priorities in a rapidly evolving field.
2021
Abstract The bidirectional relationship between sleep disordered breathing and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has recently gained a lot of interest. Several lines of evidence suggest the high prevalence of coexistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, OSA seems to result in loss of kidney function in some patients, especially in those with cardio-metabolic comorbidities. Treatment of CKD/ESRD and OSA can alter the natural history of each other; still better phenotyping with selection of appropriate treatment approaches is urgently needed. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update of recent studies on epidemiologic…
Perioperative management of obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review
2018
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the leading sleep disordered breathing condition, with a prevalence rate of moderate to severe OSA of approximately 10-17% in the general population. Evidence acquisition We performed an Ovid-Medline search of all articles published up to August 2016. We included all articles providing updated evidence on epidemiology, pathophysiologic mechanisms and perioperative interventions. Evidence synthesis OSA is associated with a number of comorbidities and increased perioperative risks. Although in-laboratory polysomnography represents the gold-standard for diagnosis of OSA, it is costly and time-consuming. Anesthesiologists may screen patients for OSA…
Evaluating depressive symptoms and their impact on outcome in schizophrenia applying the Calgary Depression Scale
2010
Schennach-Wolff R, Obermeier M, Seemuller F, Jager M, Messer T, Laux G, Pfeiffer H, Naber D, Schmidt LG, Gaebel W, Klosterkotter J, Heuser I, Maier W, Lemke MR, Ruther E, Klingberg S, Gastpar M, Moller H-J, Riedel M. Evaluating depressive symptoms and their impact on outcome in schizophrenia applying the Calgary Depression Scale. Objective: To examine depressive symptoms, their course during treatment, and influence on outcome. Method: Weekly Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia ratings were performed in 249 inpatients with schizophrenia. Early response was defined as a 20% reduction in the total score of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia from admission to w…
Challenging the understanding of significant improvement and outcome in schizophrenia - the concept of reliable and clinically significant change met…
2015
Significant changes of schizophrenia patients during inpatient treatment were evalutaed and compared to established outcome criteria. The concept of reliable and clinically significant change methods was applied to three hundred and ninety-six patients suffering from a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. First, information on whether or not the change of the patient's condition is sufficient in order to declare that it is beyond a measurement error or random effect (= reliable change) was evaluated and in a second step it was observed if the reliable change was clinically meaningful (= clinically significant change). Different Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) thre…
Continent urinary diversion in childhood
1992
Continence and a positive body image are important, especially to the adolescent patient. Since 1964 we have used ureterosigmoidostomy and have achieved a complete continence rate of 92.3%. The creation of a low-pressure reservoir by antimesenteric splitting of the recto-sigmoid eliminated many of the shortcomings of ureterosigmoidostomy. This procedure is termed the sigma-rectum pouch and has been applied in six children to date. Mainz-pouch bladder augmentation or substitution has been performed in 20 children, 17 of whom are completely continent. The results of the modified Young Dees procedure were disappointing. In three children, conversion into a continent diversion was necessary. Al…
Non-invasive ventilation in postoperative patients: A systematic review
2010
Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications, generally defined as any pulmonary abnormality occurring in the postoperative period, are still a significant issue in clinical practice increasing hospital length of stay, morbidity and mortality. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV), primarily applied in cardiogenic pulmonary edema, decompensated COPD and hypoxemic pulmonary failure, is nowadays also used in perioperative settings. Objective: Investigate the application and results of preventive and therapeutic NIV in postsurgical patients. Design: A systematic review. Data sources: Medical literature databases were searched for articles about "clinical trials," "randomized controlled trials" a…