Search results for "Positive"
showing 10 items of 1875 documents
Optimized Protocol for the Detection of Multifunctional Epitope-Specific CD4+ T Cells Combining MHC-II Tetramer and Intracellular Cytokine Staining T…
2019
Analysis of multifunctional CD4+ T cells is fundamental for characterizing the immune responses to vaccination or infection. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/peptide tetramers represent a powerful technology for the detection of antigen-specific T cells by specific binding to their T-cell receptor, and their combination with functional assays is fundamental for characterizing the antigen-specific immune response. Here we optimized a protocol for the detection of multiple intracellular cytokines within epitope-specific CD4+ T cells identified by the MHC class II tetramer technology. The optimal procedure for assessing the functional activity of tetramer-binding CD4+ T cells was based o…
Translating Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research into Clinical Medicine
2009
Recent studies have provided important insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The development of new therapeutic agents has been triggered by basic research and studies in mouse models of IBD. It is expected that improved translational research will lead to optimized therapy and new individualized treatment options.
Mycophenolate mofetil for treatment of active inflammatory bowel disease. Clinical and immunological studies.
1998
Gene therapy using IL 12 family members in infection, auto immunity, and cancer.
2009
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is known for several years to have an essential role in inflammatory responses and innate resistance to infection and cancer. This has been largely attributed to its ability to initiate the differentiation of T-helper-1 (Th1) cells producing interferon-gamma. Recently, two new cytokines, IL-23 and IL-27, with homology to IL-12 were discovered and assigned to the IL-12 family of cytokines. Growing evidence supports a role for IL-23 as key mediator of autoimmune disease regulating the new Th17 subset of CD4+ T cells. IL-27 can have pro- and anti-inflammatory effects, which increase Th1 differentiation, suppress Th2 proliferation, or stimulate cytotoxic T cell activity. …
Monoclonal TCR mRNA transcripts are preferentially detected in the TCR variable alpha chain in CD8(+) T-lymphocytes: implications for immunomonitorin…
1999
Clinical trials have started to implement tumor-associated antigens in the form of antigenic peptides in order to augment CD8(+) T-cell responses directed against autologous cancer cells. One of the surrogate markers for successful immunization is the characterization of T-lymphocytes reacting to the immunizing peptide as determined by CDR3-length and DNA-sequence analysis. Most of the recent studies examining ex vivo T-cell responses in patients with cancer have focussed on expression and prevalence of the TCR Beta variable region, predominantly in non-sorted T-cell populations. Here, we show that clonal T-cell receptors (TCRs), as defined by DNA-fragment analysis and DNA-sequencing, appea…
IL-28A Is a Key Regulator of T-Cell–Mediated Liver Injury via the T-Box Transcription Factor T-Bet
2006
Background & Aims: T-cell–mediated fulminant hepatitis is a potentially life-threatening event for which the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate a key regulatory role of IL-28A in T-cell–mediated hepatitis. Methods: We cloned the murine IL-28A gene by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, assessed the effects of recombinant IL-28A, and generated IL-28A–transgenic mice. Results: IL-28A induced TH1 cytokine production by CD4+ T lymphocytes in a T-bet–dependent manner and was up-regulated in a murine model of T-cell–mediated hepatitis upon Con A administration. In vivo, CD4+ T cells from newly created IL-28A–transgenic animals revealed an …
Monitoring of anti-vaccine CD4 T cell frequencies in melanoma patients vaccinated with a MAGE-3 protein.
2005
Abstract Quantitative evaluation of T cell responses of patients receiving antitumoral vaccination with a protein is difficult because of the large number of possible HLA-peptide combinations that could be targeted by the response. To evaluate the responses of patients vaccinated with protein MAGE-3, we have developed an approach that involves overnight stimulation of blood T cells with autologous dendritic cells loaded with the protein, sorting by flow cytometry of the T cells that produce IFN-γ, cloning of these cells, and evaluation of the number of T cell clones that secrete IFN-γ upon stimulation with the Ag. An important criterion is that T cell clones must recognize not only stimulat…
IL-2 receptor beta-chain signaling controls immunosuppressive CD4+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes and lung during allergic airway inflammation i…
2008
Abstract IL-2 influences both survival and differentiation of CD4+ T effector and regulatory T cells. We studied the effect of i.n. administration of Abs against the α- and the β-chains of the IL-2R in a murine model of allergic asthma. Blockade of the β- but not the α-chain of the IL-2R after allergen challenge led to a significant reduction of airway hyperresponsiveness. Although both treatments led to reduction of lung inflammation, IL-2 signaling, STAT-5 phosphorylation, and Th2-type cytokine production (IL-4 and IL-5) by lung T cells, IL-13 production and CD4+ T cell survival were solely inhibited by the blockade of the IL-2R β-chain. Moreover, local blockade of the common IL-2R/IL-15R…
Contrary roles of IL-4 and IL-12 on IL-10 production and proliferation of human tumour reactive T cells.
1997
The cytokine profile of tumour reactive T cells is likely to play a central role in their function. However, little is known about how cytokine patterns of tumour reactive T cells can be regulated. Here, the authors investigated the influence of exogenous regulatory cytokines in addition to interleukin-2 (IL-2) on cytokine patterns and the proliferation of T cells recognizing an autologous sarcoma cell line. In this system, IL-4 and IL-12 showed the most polarizing influences on tumour reactive T cells. Exogenous IL-4 induced a predominant production of IL-4 while decreasing the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-10 production by tumour reactive T cells. It also stimulated the growth of tu…
Allergic contact dermatitis: understanding the immune response and potential for targeted therapy using cytokines.
1997
Allergic contact dermatitis is the most common job-related disease of the western world. The only available treatments are avoidance of contact with the allergen and the use of potent corticosteroids. Recently, the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of this disease has been studied and, besides defining the key molecules and basic cellular immune responses responsible for disease development, these studies might help to develop new therapeutic strategies to target cytokines and thereby try to alter or abrogate ongoing immune reactions.