Search results for "Postnatal"

Early childhood growth is associated with lung function at 7 years: a prospective population-based study

2020

Previous studies have related early postnatal growth with later lung function but their interpretation is limited by the methods used to assess a child's growth. We aimed to assess the association of early childhood growth, measured by body mass index (BMI) trajectories up to 4 years, with lung function at 7 years.We included 1257 children from the Spanish Infancia y Medio Ambiente population-based birth cohort. Early childhood growth was classified into five categories based on BMI trajectories up to 4 years previously identified using latent class growth analysis. These trajectories differed in birth size ("lower", "average", "higher") and in BMI gain velocity ("slower", "accelerated"). W…

Infant mortality across species. A global probe of congenital abnormalities

2019

Infant mortality, by which we understand the postnatal stage during which mortality is declining, is a manifestation and embodiment of congenital abnormalities. Severe defects will translate into death occurring shortly after birth whereas slighter anomalies may contribute to death much later, possibly only in adult age. While for many species birth defects would be nearly impossible to identify, infant mortality provides a convenient global assessment. In the present paper we examine a broad range of species from mammals to fish to gastropods to insects. One of the objectives of our comparative analysis is to test a conjecture suggested by reliability engineering according to which the fre…

Postnatal Neurogenesis and Neuronal Regeneration

2004

The discovery of neurogenesis in the adult brain has challenged one of the central dogmas of neuroscience. Pioneer reports in rodents seed the ground for a detailed description in birds and reptiles, which was finally confirmed in discrete regions of several mammalian species including humans. This neurogenetical capability may serve as the basis for neuronal regeneration, as has already been described in the reptilian brain, and thus may represent a promising therapeutic approach. Consequently, in the last years there has been an important effort to deepen our knowledge of the biology, the functional significance and the regulation of adult neurogenesis.

Early biological factors and outcome in very preterm infants

2013

Our aim was to identify early biochemical abnormalities associated with adverse outcome in very preterm infants. Based on an 8-year population-study for assessing the outcome in 1067 very preterm babies admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Dijon university hospital, two research axes were explored: 1) the impact of plasma chloride abnormalities on neurological morbidities; 2) the association between hypoproteinemia on the first day of life (D1) and adverse outcome. These issues were assessed by 4 studies, performed on the initial population and on 3 other cohorts.We found that hyperchloremia results in severe metabolic acidosis during the first 7-10 days of life, but this is not …

BCL11A intellectual developmental disorder: defining the clinical spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations

2021

AbstractPurposeHeterozygous variants in BCL11A underlie an intellectual developmental disorder with persistence of fetal hemoglobin (BCL11A-IDD, a.k.a. Dias-Logan syndrome). We sought to delineate the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of BCL11A-IDD.MethodsWe performed an in-depth analysis of 42 patients with BCL11A-IDD ascertained through a collaborative network of clinical and research colleagues. We also reviewed 33 additional affected individuals previously reported in the literature or available through public repositories with clinical information.ResultsMolecular and clinical data analysis of 75 patients with BCL11A-IDD identified 60 unique variants (30 frameshift, 7 missense, 6 splic…

Postnatal developmental changes in the dopaminergic signaling in mouse gut

2011

The presence of dopamine-containing neurons in the enteric nervous system has been described, but it is far to be clear their role in the modulation of gut motility. Moreover, ontogenetic studies shows that dopaminergic neurons are late-developing neurons, arising perinatally, but there are no informations if dopaminergic signaling may undergo to developmental changes after birth, as demonstrated for other signaling. Thus, using a pharmacological approach, we examined, in vitro, the role of dopaminergic neurons in the regulation of duodenal contractility in neonatal mice (≤48 h postnatal) compared to the adults. Transcripts for all dopaminergic receptors were detected in mouse duodenum at e…

Dopaminergic signaling in mouse duodenum and postanatal developmental changes

2012

Postnatal neurogenesis and regeneration in the lizard cerebral cortex

1993

Postnatal weight change is influenced by mother-newborn pair leptin levels

2000

We investigated serum leptin levels in 103 mother-newborn-pairs; Cord leptin was significantly higher than mother's leptin (5.7 ± 5.5 vs. 22.1 ± 19.9 ng/ml; p <0.001). Cord leptin was significantly higher in females than males (6.9 ± 6.3 vs. 3.9 ± 3.6 ng/ml respectively; p <0.001), and correlated with maternal leptin (r = 0.24; p = 0.001), gestational age (r = 0.54; p <0.001), and birth weight (r = 0.56; p <0.001). Neonatal leptin at the 4(th) day significantly correlated with percent weight loss in the first four days of life. These observations shed light on the origin of cord leptin and on the role of leptin in postnatal weight loss. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc.

The INMA INfancia y Medio Ambiente-(Environment and Childhood) project: More than 10 years contributing to environmental and neuropsychological resea…

2017

Background: In 2003 the INMA—INfancia y Medio Ambiente (Environment and Childhood) project, a Spanish national network of birth cohorts including more than 3500 participants, was set up with the aim to assess the health impacts of pre- and postnatal environmental exposures on children. The project has published more than 60 papers on maternal and environmental factors related to neuropsychological development in children, one of the main research interests within the project. With the present review, we evaluate the evidence provided by the INMA project on this topic and discuss how the data can contribute to cover the challenges that children’s environmental health research will face in th…