Search results for "Potassium"

showing 10 items of 930 documents

Inhibition of Gill Na+,K+-ATPase Activity in the Eel,Anguilla anguilla,by Fenitrothion

1998

European eels (Anguilla anguilla) were exposed to sublethal fenitrothion concentrations (0.02 and 0.04 mg/liter) in a continuous flow-through system for 4 days. Gill Mg2+- and Na+,K+-ATPase activities were evaluated after 2, 8, 12, 24, 32, 48, 56, 72, and 96 h of pesticide exposure. Results indicated that ATPase activity in gill tissue decreased as concentration of fenitrothion increased. Pesticide induced significant inhibitory effects on the Na+, K+-ATPase activity of A. anguilla, ranging from >56% inhibition at a sublethal concentration of 0.02 ppm to >73% inhibition at a sublethal concentration of 0.04 ppm. Eels were exposed to both fenitrothion concentrations for 96 h and then allowed …

GillsInsecticidesanimal structuresHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisATPaseFenitrothionchemistry.chemical_compoundAnimal scienceAnguillidaeAnimalsNa k atpase activitychemistry.chemical_classificationDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthFenitrothionGeneral MedicineAnatomyPesticideAnguillabiology.organism_classificationPollutionDose–response relationshipEnzymechemistryToxicitybiology.proteinEnvironmental PollutantsSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Synthesis and evaluation of a glibenclamide glucose-conjugate: a potential new lead compound for substituted glibenclamide derivatives as islet imagi…

2007

The search for novel SUR1-ligands originates from the idea to influence the in vivo behaviour by adding new structural moieties to the glibenclamide structure while preserving its binding affinity. Important application of novel conjugates might be their use as radioactively labelled tracer probes in the non-invasive investigation of the islet mass. It is known that the imaging quality of a tracer could be improved by increasing its hydrophilicity, which leads to a reduced plasma protein binding and diminished the unspecific uptake by various organs. In this study the glucose molecule was chosen as a substitute of glibenclamide to enhance hydrophilicity. As expected glucose conjugation lead…

GlycosylationPotassium ChannelsTime FactorsPhysiologyReceptors DrugClinical BiochemistryPlasma protein bindingSulfonylurea ReceptorsBiochemistryBinding CompetitiveGlibenclamideCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundIslets of LangerhansEndocrinologyIn vivoChlorocebus aethiopsGlyburidemedicineAnimalsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinPotassium Channels Inwardly Rectifyinggeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryMolecular StructureLigand (biochemistry)IsletRatsGlucosechemistryBiochemistryCOS CellsATP-Binding Cassette TransportersLead compoundConjugatemedicine.drugRegulatory peptides
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Imidazolium and Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate Salts as Ecofriendly Organocatalysts for Oxazolidinone Synthesis

2016

International audience; Although oxazolidinones are valuable intermediate compounds for industrial applications, no synthetic method is suitable for their production on a large scale owing to the use of reagents/catalysts that are hazardous or toxic to human health or ecotoxic for the environment. In this manuscript, we describe new and efficient catalysts, that is, the nontoxic hydrogen carbonate anion in combination with a potassium or diisobutylimidazolium ([iBu(2)IM]) countercation, for the conversion of -amino alcohols into cyclic oxazolidinones in high yields of 69 to 90%. Depending on the catalytic conditions, both catalysts could be easily recovered from the crude reaction products …

Green chemistryHydrogenPotassiumchemistry.chemical_elementHomogeneous catalysisantibacterial agentsHeterocyclesamino-alcohols010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences[ CHIM ] Chemical SciencescatalystsCatalysisefficientchemistry.chemical_compounddioxide[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryOrganic chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesSustainable chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010405 organic chemistry[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryOrganocatalysisOrganic Chemistry[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/CatalysisHomogeneous catalysis0104 chemical scienceschemistryCyclizationOrganocatalysisReagentderivativesCarbonateacid
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WOx phase growth on SiO2/Si by decomposition of tungsten hexacarbonyl:Influence of potassium on supported tungsten oxide phases

2009

International audience; Synchrotron based photoemission spectroscopy was used to study the adsorption of tungsten hexacarbonyl on SiO2 surfaces modified by potassium. Results were compared with the ones obtained when no potassium was present. Experiments using W4f and Si2p intensities variations show that, at 140 K, the tungsten hexacarbonyl growth proceeds via a simultaneous multilayer mode for the two kinds of surfaces but with differences in compositions of growing layers. Indeed, it is evidenced that, even at cryogenic temperatures, the presence of potassium induces decomposition of a significant part of tungsten hexacarbonyl molecules through a strong interaction between tungsten and p…

Growth; Supported nanostructures; Tungsten hexacarbonyl; SiO2; Potassium; Tungsten bronze; Photoelectron spectroscopyTungsten hexacarbonylMaterials scienceSilicongenetic structuresPhotoemission spectroscopyPotassiumInorganic chemistrySupported nanostructureschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyGrowthTungsten010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyTransition metalMaterials ChemistrySurfaces and Interfaces021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsequipment and supplieseye diseases0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsPhotoelectron spectroscopychemistryTungsten hexacarbonylPotassiumTungsten bronzesense organsSiO20210 nano-technology
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�ber die Wirkung von Calcium und Natrium auf die Kaliumkontraktur isolierter Meerschweinchenvorh�fe

1969

An isolierten linken Meerschweinchenvorhofen wurde der Einflus von Calcium und Natrium auf das Verhalten der Kaliumkontraktur und des Membranpotentials mit folgenden Ergebnissen untersucht: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, das sich die Kontraktur des Meerschweinchenvorhofs in ihrem Verlauf und ihrer Beeinflusbarkeit durch Calcium und Natrium nicht grundsatzlich von der des Froschherzens unterscheidet. Daraus wird geschlossen, das ihr in beiden Fallen der gleiche Mechanismus zugrunde liegt.

Guinea pigPotassium contracturechemistryPhysiologyPhysiology (medical)SodiumClinical Biochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHuman physiologyCalciumMolecular biologyPfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology
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New Dinuclear Catalysts Rh2(N−O)2[(C6H4)P(C6H5)2]2 with Imidate Ligands:  Synthesis and Isomerization from Head-to-Tail to Head-to-Head Configuration…

2001

Two new dirhodium(II) catalysts of general formula Rh(2)(N-O)(2)[(C(6)H(4))P(C(6)H(5))(2)](2) (N-O = C(4)H(4)NO(2)) are prepared, starting from Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(PC)(2)L(2) [PC = (C(6)H(4))P(C(6)H(5))(2) (head-to-tail arrangement); L = HO(2)CCH(3)]. The thermal reaction of Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(PC)(2).L(2) with the neutral succinimide stereoselectively gives one compound that according to the X-ray structure determination has the formula Rh(2)(C(4)H(4)NO(2))(2)[(C(6)H(4))P(C(6)H(5))(2)](2) (1). It corresponds to the polar isomer with two bridging imidate ligands in a head-to-head configuration. However, stepwise reaction of Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(2)(PC)(2).L(2) with (CH(3))(3)SiCl and potassiu…

Head to headStereochemistryPotassiumchemistry.chemical_elementMedicinal chemistryCatalysisInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySuccinimideStepwise reactionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEnantiomerAcetonitrileIsomerizationInorganic Chemistry
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Lentil Fortified Spaghetti: Technological Properties and Nutritional Characterization

2021

Lentil (Lens culinaris), consumed as a part of the diet worldwide, is a functional dietary ingredient that plays a function in human nutrition as a rich source of bioactive nutrients (low quantities of fat, sodium, and vitamin K

Health (social science)Absorption of waterSettore CHIM/10 - Chimica Degli AlimentiPotassiumSodiumchemistry.chemical_elementPlant Scienceessential fatty acidsdurum wheat spaghettilcsh:Chemical technologyHealth Professions (miscellaneous)MicrobiologyArticlelentilNutrientmedicinelcsh:TP1-1185Food sciencefortified pastachemistry.chemical_classificationcarboxymethyl cellulosefood and beveragesessential amino acidsCarboxymethyl celluloseHuman nutritionchemistryPolyphenolcmcFood SciencePolyunsaturated fatty acidmedicine.drugFoods
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Equilibrium studies in natural waters: Speciation of phenolic compounds in synthetic seawater at different salinities

1995

Interactions between some phenolic compounds and macro-constituents of synthetic seawater (Na{sup +}, K{sup +}, Ca{sup 2+}, Mg{sup 2+}, Cl{sup {minus}}, and SO{sub 4}{sup 2{minus}}), at 20, 35, and 45 {per_thousand} salinity, have been investigated potentiometrically by using the [H]-glass electrode. The formation constants of phenol, o- and p-cresol, o-a dn p-nitrophenol complexes with sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium ions have been determined in the ionic strength range 0 {le} I {le} 1 mol/L. A comparison between the apparent protonation constants of phenols determined in synthetic seawater, and those simulated by a suitable complex formation model, is discussed. The possibility …

Health Toxicology and MutagenesisPotassiumSodiumInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementArtificial seawaterProtonationchemistryStability constants of complexesIonic strengthEnvironmental ChemistrySeawaterMagnesium ion
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Enhancement of Nitro Reduction in Rat Liver Microsomes by Haemin and Haemoproteins

1978

1. Reductive metabolism of p-nitrobenzoic acid and neoprontosil in rat liver microsomes was studied in the presence of haemin, haemoglobin and myoglobin. 2. Microsomal nitro reduction is enhanced 4-fold in the presence of haemoglobin, whereas azo reduction is not affected. 3. Microsomal nitro reduction is enhanced to a similar extent by haemoglobin, haemin and boiled haemoglobin, whereas myoglobin is about half as active. 4. Maximal enhancement of microsomal nitro reductase activity by haemoglobin is achieved at high substrate concentration (6 mM) and low microsomal protein concentration (0.5--1.0 mg/ml). 5. Control microsomal nitro reduction as well as the haemoglobin-enhanced microsomal n…

HemeproteinsHot TemperatureHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisHemeIn Vitro TechniquesToxicologyBiochemistryHemoglobinschemistry.chemical_compoundRat liver microsomesmedicineAnimalsNitro reductionPharmacologyMyoglobinChemistryGeneral MedicineNitro CompoundsLigand (biochemistry)Stimulation ChemicalRatsOxygenBiochemistryMyoglobinNitrobenzoatesMicrosomes LiverMicrosomeNitroHeminFerricPotassium azideOxidation-Reductionmedicine.drugXenobiotica
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4-Nitrophenyl phosphoric acid and its four different potassium salts: a solid state structure and kinetic study

2006

The structures of 4-nitrophenyl phosphoric acid, H2NPP (1), and its four different potassium salts, K(H2NPP)(HNPP) (2), K(HNPP)·CH3OH (3), K(HNPP)·2H2O (4), and K2(NPP)·4H2O (5), were determined by X-ray diffraction methods. These investigations, together with the study of the role of potassium ions in the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate, provided information about interactions between the acid, monoanionic and dianionic forms of 4-nitrophenyl phosphate and the potassium cations. In the crystalline state, the H2NPP molecules form one-dimensional chains of bifurcated O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds between phosphate groups. A different network, derived from ladder-like chains of the O–H⋯O hydroge…

Hydrogen bondPotassiumInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsPhosphateMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysischemistryNitroMoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceChelationPhosphoric acidCrystEngComm
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