Search results for "Potentials"

showing 10 items of 1072 documents

Temperature dependence of the toxic effects of phenytoin on peripheral neuromuscular function of the rat tail.

1990

We studied the acute effects of a single dose of phenytoin (250 mg/kg) on peripheral neuromuscular function. The evoked muscle action potentials of the dorsal segmental muscles in the rat tail, and the conduction velocity of the dorsal nerve trunk which innervates them, were measured before and after the intraperitoneal injection of phenytoin. The experiments were performed at different temperatures, 27 (physiological tail temperature), 36 and 37 degrees C (physiological central temperature) in different groups of animals. The amplitudes of the evoked muscle action potentials in the treated groups showed no significant modifications at 27 degrees C, at 36 degrees C a small nonsignificant de…

PhenytoinMaleTailmedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatmentIntraperitoneal injectionCentral nervous systemNeurotoxinsNeural ConductionNeuromuscular JunctionAction PotentialsToxicologyNerve conduction velocityCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceDevelopmental NeuroscienceReference ValuesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsEvoked PotentialsChemistryMusclesTemperatureRats Inbred StrainsRatsElectrophysiologyEndocrinologyAnticonvulsantmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaPeripheral nervous systemPhenytoinToxicitymedicine.drugNeurotoxicology and teratology
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Modulation of neuronal phospholipase D activity under depolarizing conditions

1999

Neuronal phospholipase D (PLD) activity was hypothesized to be involved in vesicle trafficking and endocytosis and, possibly, transmitter release. We here report that prolonged depolarization of rat hippocampal slices by potassium chloride (KCl) or 4-aminopyridine inhibited PLD activity. Similarly, PLD activity in rat cortical synaptosomes was significantly inhibited by depolarizing agents including veratridine and ouabain. Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) which positively modulates synaptosomal PLD activity [Sarri et al. (1998) FEBS Lett. 440, 287-290] by KN-62 caused a further reduction of PLD activity in depolarized synaptosomes. Depolarization-induced inhibition of PL…

Phosphatidylinositol 45-DiphosphateTime FactorsBiophysicschemistry.chemical_elementCalciumHippocampusBiochemistryOuabainMembrane PotentialsPotassium Chloridechemistry.chemical_compoundStructural BiologyCa2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseSynaptosomeElectrochemistryPhospholipase DGeneticsmedicineAnimalsPhospholipase D activityEnzyme InhibitorsRats WistarMolecular BiologyProtein Kinase CProtein Synthesis InhibitorsSynaptosomePhospholipase DCalcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IINeomycinDepolarizationPhosphatidylinositol-45-bisphosphateCell BiologyRatsCell biologyenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)chemistryCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesDepolarizationlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)VeratridineSynaptosomesmedicine.drugFEBS Letters
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Brain electrical source analysis of primary cortical components of the tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potential using regional sources.

1998

Tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) show higher amplitudes ipsilateral to the side of stimulation, whereas subdural recordings revealed a source in the foot area of the contralateral hemisphere. We now investigated this paradoxical lateralization by performing a brain electrical source analysis in the P40 time window (34-46 ms). The tibial nerve was stimulated behind the ankle (8 subjects). On each side, 2048 stimuli were applied twice. SEPs were recorded using 32 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-verified electrode positions (bandpass 0.5-500 Hz). In each case, the P40 amplitude was higher ipsilaterally (0.45 +/- 0.14 microV) than contralaterally (-0.49 +/- 0.16 microV). The…

PhysicsAdultMaleBrain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testGeneral NeuroscienceBrainSignal Processing Computer-AssistedAnatomyElectroencephalographySomatosensory systemLateralization of brain functionElectric StimulationFunctional LateralityDipoleElectrophysiologySomatosensory evoked potentialEvoked Potentials SomatosensoryLateralitymedicineHumansFemaleNeurology (clinical)Tibial NerveTibial nerveElectroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology
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On the interpretation of optical illusions.

1973

If excited by stimuli adjacent in space and time, the optical system frequently perceives illusions in the form of apparent movements. These effects may be attributed to the dynamic properties of the retinal nerve nets. On the basis of a specific psychophysical experiment the mechanism underlying the generation of optical illusions is interpreted by the methods of systems theory and its use in systems analysis is discussed. It is shown that for the perception of apparent movements the transit times of the signals in the dendrites are particularly important.

PhysicsBionicsInterpretation (logic)genetic structuresbusiness.industryOptical illusionmedia_common.quotation_subjectComplex systemIllusionTransit timeGeneral MedicineIllusionsPerceptionVisual PerceptionHumansComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessEvoked PotentialsVision Ocularmedia_commonCognitive psychologyKybernetik
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Small-signal analysis of the encoder mechanism in the lobster stretch receptor and the frog and cat muscle spindle.

1975

Ausgehend von der Leitwert-Potential-Beziehung als Bedingung fur die Impulsauslosung an erregbaren Membranen (Chaplain, 1974) wird eine Kleinsignal-Analyse des Kodierungsvorganges in Mechanorezeptoren beschrieben. Hierbei wird die Theorie der Systeme mit zeitvariablen Parametern angewendet. Das beschriebene mathematische Modell erlaubt quantitative Aussagen fur den Frequenzgang unabhangig davon ob die Momentafrequenz oder die Impulsdichte als Ausgangssignal betrachtet wird. Die Approximation experimenteller Daten gelingt sowohl fur die Ansteuerung des Kodierers bei intrazellularer Stromstimulierung im Fall des Dehnungsrezeptors wie auch durch Leitwertanderungen als Folge des mechano-elektri…

PhysicsGeneral Computer ScienceModels NeurologicalCatsAction PotentialsAnimalsAnuraMolecular biologyMechanoreceptorsMuscle SpindlesBiotechnologyNephropidaeBiological cybernetics
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RESONANT ACTIVATION AND NOISE ENHANCED STABILITY IN JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS

2005

We investigate the interplay of two noise-induced effects on the temporal characteristics of short overdamped Josephson junctions in the presence of a periodic driving. We find that: (i) the mean life time of superconductive state has a minimum as a function of driving frequency, and near the minimum it actually does not depend on the noise intensity (resonant activation phenomenon); (ii) the noise enhanced stability phenomenon increases the switching time from superconductive to the resistive state. As a consequence there is a suitable frequency range of clock pulses, at which the noise has a minimal effect on pulse propagation in RSFQ electronic devices.

PhysicsJosephson effectJosephson phaseCondensed matter physicsRSFQ CIRCUITSJosephson energyESCAPEBARRIERTIMESStability (probability)FLUCTUATING POTENTIALSPi Josephson junctionSTATESSuperconducting tunnel junctionNoise (radio)Complexity, Metastability and Nonextensivity
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Translationally invariant treatment of pair correlations in nuclei - II. Tensor correlations

1998

We study the extension of our translationally invariant treatment of few-body nuclear systems to include tensor forces and correlations. It is shown that a direct application of our method is not as successful for realistic V6 interactions as our previous results for V4 potentials suggested. We investigate the cause in detail for the case of $^4$He, and show that a combination of our method with that of Jastrow-correlated wave functions seems to be a lot more powerful, thereby suggesting that for mildly to strongly repulsive forces such a hybrid procedure may be an appropriate description.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCLOSED-SHELL NUCLEI; MONTE-CARLO CALCULATIONS; MODEL-CALCULATIONS; COORDINATE SPACE; CBF THEORY; POTENTIALS; CLUSTERS; SYSTEMS; STATE; HE-4Nuclear Theory/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3106V6 forcesFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaInvariant (physics)A ≤ 16Translational invarianceNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Tensor correlationsJastrow correlationsWave functionMathematical physics
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Measurement of the integrated luminosities of the data taken by BESIII at √ s = 3.650 and 3.773 GeV

2013

Data sets were collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPC II collider at the center-of-mass energy of root s=3.650 GeV during May 2009 and at root s=3.773 GeV from January 2010 to May 2011. By analyzing the large angle Bhabha scattering events, the integrated luminosities of the two data sets are measured to be (44.49 +/- 0.02 +/- 0.44) pb(-1) and (2916.94 +/- 0.18 +/- 29.17) pb(-1), respectively, where the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsLuminosity (scattering theory)ScatteringDetectorPOTENTIALSVECTORAstronomy and AstrophysicsBhabha Scattering EventsCross SectionUPPER-BOUNDSlaw.inventionNuclear physicsIntegrated LuminositylawKLEIN-GORDON EQUATIONColliderInstrumentationBhabha scatteringChinese Physics C
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Comparison of complex fractionated atrial electrograms at cellular scale using numerical and experimental models.

2010

This study investigates the existence of the pseudo complex fractionated atrial electrogram (CFAE) at cellular level. Our assumptions are based on the fact that CFAEs are linked to the generation of the spiral waves. These are created using a numerical model and an experimental model of in vitro culture of neonatal rats cardiac cells. Pseudo bipolar electrograms resulting from these two models are compared qualitatively and some patterns could be identified as CFAE signature.

PhysicsScale (ratio)Experimental modelModels CardiovascularAction PotentialsNumerical modelsCellular levelElectrocardiographyBiological ClocksHeart Conduction SystemAtrial FibrillationAnimalsHumansComputer SimulationMyocytes CardiacHeart AtriaBiological systemCellular biophysicsBiomedical engineeringAnnual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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A novel arousal-based individual screening reveals susceptibility and resilience to PTSD-like phenotypes in mice

2021

Translational animal models for studying post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are valuable for elucidating the poorly understood neurobiology of this neuropsychiatric disorder. These models should encompass crucial features, including persistence of PTSD-like phenotypes triggered after exposure to a single traumatic event, trauma susceptibility/resilience and predictive validity. Here we propose a novel arousal-based individual screening (AIS) model that recapitulates all these features. The AIS model was designed by coupling the traumatization (24 h restraint) of C57BL/6 J mice with a novel individual screening. This screening consists of z-normalization of post-trauma changes in startle …

Physiology5-trial SM 5-trial social memoryBiochemistryFight-or-flight responseFST forced swim test0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologySSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsDSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersOriginal Research ArticleFear conditioningmedia_commonHT hypothalamusAIS arousal-based individual screeningQP351-495ParoxetinePhenotypeHPA hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenalBST basal synaptic transmissionHIP hippocampusPTSD post-traumatic stress disorder[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Psychological resilienceAmy amygdalaRC321-571medicine.drugNeurophysiology and neuropsychologymedia_common.quotation_subjectBDNF brain derived neurotropic factorFear conditioningNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryBiologyStressArousal03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceAnimal model Fear conditioning Resilience Stress Susceptibility Z-scoreAnimal modelCORT corticosteroneOF open fieldTE trauma-exposedBiological neural networkmedicineAnimal model[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]C controlfEPSPs field excitatory post-synaptic potentialsSGK1 serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1RC346-429Molecular BiologyResilienceEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsZ-scoremPFC medial prefrontal cortexFKBP5 FK506 binding protein 5FDA Food and Drug AdministrationASR acoustic startle reactivityEPM elevated plus maze030227 psychiatrySusceptibilityAnimal model; Fear conditioning; Resilience; Stress; Susceptibility; Z-scoreNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurobiology of Stress
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