Search results for "PreP"

showing 10 items of 1334 documents

Strategies and Molecular Probes to Investigate the Role of Cytochrome P450 in Drug Metabolism

2003

Drug metabolism is the major determinant of drug clearance and, because of polymorphic or inducible expression of drug-metabolising cytochrome P450s (CYPs), is the factor most frequently responsible for interindividual differences in pharmacokinetics. A number of well characterised CYP substrates and inhibitors have been identified that allow precise measurements of individual CYP isoforms. Their use, alone or in combination, facilitates the phenotype characterisation of hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. Two procedures are used for in vitro investigation of the metabolic profile of a drug: incubation with microsomes and incubation with metabolically competent cells. The major limitation of …

PharmacologybiologyCytochrome P450In Vitro TechniquesIsozymeIn vitroRatsCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemPharmaceutical PreparationsBiochemistryIn vivoMolecular Probesbiology.proteinMicrosomeAnimalsCytochrome P-450 Enzyme InhibitorsHumansDrug InteractionsPharmacology (medical)Enzyme InhibitorsEnzyme inducerAntibodies BlockingCytochrome P-450 Enzyme InhibitorsDrug metabolismClinical Pharmacokinetics
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Bioequivalence of oral products and the biopharmaceutics classification system: science, regulation, and public policy.

2011

The demonstration of bioequivalence (BE) is an essential requirement for ensuring that patients receive a product that performs as indicated by the label. The BE standard for a particular product is set by its innovator, and this standard must subsequently be matched by generic drug products. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) sets a scientific basis for an improved BE standard for immediate-release solid oral dosage forms. In this paper, we discuss BE and the BCS, as well as the issues that are currently relevant to BE as a pharmaceutical product standard.

Pharmacologybusiness.industryBiopharmaceuticsPublic policyAdministration OralBioequivalencePharmacologyBiopharmaceutics Classification SystemhumanitiesArticleBiopharmaceuticsPolicyRisk analysis (engineering)Pharmaceutical PreparationsTherapeutic EquivalencyInnovatorGeneric drugMedicineDrugs GenericHumansPharmacology (medical)Product (category theory)Product standardbusinessClinical pharmacology and therapeutics
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The Prediction of Human Intestinal Absorption Based on the Molecular Structure

2014

Human Intestinal Absorption (HIA) has been modeled many times by using classification models. However, regression models are scarce. Here, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are implemented for this purpose. A dataset of structurally diverse chemicals with their respective experimental HIA were used to design robust, true predictive and widespread applicable ANN models. An input variables pool was made up of structural invariants calculated by using either Dragon or our software Desmol 1. The selection of best variables was performed following three steps using the entire dataset of molecules. Firstly, variables poorly correlated with the experimental data were eliminated. Secondly, input va…

Pharmacologyeducation.field_of_studyMolecular StructureArtificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industryClinical BiochemistryPopulationReproducibility of ResultsPattern recognitionFeature selectionRegression analysisModels TheoreticalBackpropagationIntestinal absorptionIntestinal AbsorptionPharmaceutical PreparationsResamplingTest setHumansNeural Networks ComputerArtificial intelligenceeducationbusinessCurrent Drug Metabolism
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Nebennieren undrenale Oxytocin-Wirkungen bei der Ratte

1959

No significant improvement in water diuresis was obtained by the s. c. injection of 500–1000 mU/kg of a synthetic oxytocin preparation (Syntocinon) in adrenalectomized, salt-maintained rats given 18 ml of water per rat by stomach tube. In these animals oxytocin had, on the other hand, a strong natriuretic and chloruretic effect.

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyChemistryPharmacology toxicologyGeneral MedicineWater diuresisEndocrinologyOxytocinInternal medicineOxytocin preparationmedicineStomach tubehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv f�r Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie
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Causal drugs and therapeutic measures for medication-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws-Data from German practice guideline.

2020

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyDiphosphonatesbusiness.industryMEDLINEOsteonecrosisGuidelinelanguage.human_languageGermanJawPharmaceutical PreparationsmedicinelanguageHumansPharmacology (medical)Intensive care medicinebusinessBritish journal of clinical pharmacology
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Modelling phase transition kinetics of chenodeoxycholic acid with the Runge–Kutta method

2009

Abstract The phase transition kinetics of two chenodeoxycholic acid polymorphic modifications— form I (stable at high temperature), form III (stable at low temperature) and the amorphous phase has been examined under various conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Form III conversion to form I was examined at high temperature conditions and was found to be non-spontaneous, requiring seed crystals for initiation. The formation kinetic model of form I was created incorporating the three-dimensional seed crystal growth, the phase transition rate proportion to the surface area of form I crystals, and the influence of the amorphous phase surface area changes with an empirical stage poin…

Phase transitionDifferential Thermal AnalysisSpectrophotometry InfraredDifferential equationClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceThermodynamicsChenodeoxycholic AcidKinetic energyPhase TransitionAnalytical ChemistryReaction rate constantDrug StabilityX-Ray DiffractionDrug DiscoverySample preparationSpectroscopySeed crystalModels StatisticalCalorimetry Differential ScanningChemistryTemperatureKineticsRunge–Kutta methodsCrystallographyX-ray crystallographyCrystallizationJournal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
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Deep center luminescence versus surface preparation of ZnSe single crystals

2001

A close relationship between the photoluminescence emissions labeled Y and S, related to dislocations and extended structural defects, and the preparation of the surface state of ZnSe single crystals before PL (photoluminescence) measurements has been established. The samples were obtained by solid-phase recrystallization under different pressure conditions. An easy method for achieving good quality surfaces with a very significant reduction of such Y and S PL emissions is proposed.

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceMechanics of MaterialsClose relationshipSurface preparationMechanical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryRecrystallization (metallurgy)General Materials ScienceCondensed Matter PhysicsLuminescenceJournal of Materials Research
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Accelerated stabilization of coherent photon states

2018

| openaire: EC/H2020/681311/EU//QUESS Control and utilization of coherent states of microwave photons is a ubiquitous requirement for the present and near-future implementations of solid-state quantum computers. The rate at which the photon state responds to external driving is limited by the relaxation rate of the storage resonator, which poses a trade-off between fast control and long storage time. Here, we present a control scheme that is designed to drive an unknown photon state to a desired coherent state much faster than the resonator decay rate. Our method utilizes a tunable environment which acts on an ancillary qubit coupled to the resonator. By periodically resetting the qubit and…

PhotonDephasingGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologycoherent statescircuit quantum electrodynamics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesResonatorphoton statesCircuit quantum electrodynamics0103 physical scienceskvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsQuantum computerPhysicsfotonitbusiness.industryResonator mode021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyquantum information processingtunable electromagnetic environmentsQubitOptoelectronicsCoherent statesquantum state preparationdissipative quantum systems0210 nano-technologybusinessquantum control
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Performance of the upgraded PreProcessor of the ATLAS Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger

2020

The PreProcessor of the ATLAS Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger prepares the analogue trigger signals sent from the ATLAS calorimeters by digitising, synchronising, and calibrating them to reconstruct transverse energy deposits, which are then used in further processing to identify event features. During the first long shutdown of the LHC from 2013 to 2014, the central components of the PreProcessor, the Multichip Modules, were replaced by upgraded versions that feature modern ADC and FPGA technology to ensure optimal performance in the high pile-up environment of LHC Run 2. This paper describes the features of the newMultichip Modules along with the improvements to the signal processing achieved.

Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors:Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP]Computer sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Experiment030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.inventionSubatomär fysikHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)0302 clinical medicinelawSubatomic Physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]PreprocessorDetectors and Experimental Techniquesphysics.ins-detInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsFPGASettore FIS/01Signal processingLarge Hadron ColliderInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)trigger [calorimeter]ATLASCalorimeters; Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software)Calorimetermedicine.anatomical_structure:Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP]Trigger concepts and systems (hardware and software)design [electronics]Particle Physics - ExperimentComputer hardwareperformanceCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas530 Physics:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]Analog-to-digital converterFOS: Physical sciences61003 medical and health sciencesCalorimetersAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicineHigh Energy Physicsddc:610[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Field-programmable gate arraysignal processingCalorimeterScience & Technologyhep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrycalorimeter: trigger530 Physikcalibrationanalog-to-digital converterpile-upExperimental High Energy Physicselectronics: readoutbusinessreadout [electronics]Energy (signal processing)electronics: design
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Standard model large-ETprocesses and searches for new physics at HERA

1999

Existing and missing calculations of standard model processes producing large transverse energy in electron-proton interactions at HERA are reviewed. The adequacy of the existing standard model Monte Carlo programs for generic searches of exotic processes is analyzed.

PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Physics beyond the Standard ModelMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesHERAPreprintEnergy (signal processing)Standard model (cryptography)Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
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