Search results for "Precision medicine."

Immunologic microenvironment and personalized treatment in multiple myeloma.

2013

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by generalized immune suppression and increased susceptibility to infections and secondary malignancies. Malignant plasma cells (PCs) modulate the bone marrow microenvironment to favor their own survival and proliferation. These events lead to a severe deregulation of immune effectors. Extensive studies have been conducted to unveil the mechanisms through which MM cells negatively modulate immunity and to develop therapeutical approaches for restoring an efficient anti-MM immune response. Areas covered: This review article covers both the immunosuppressive effects exerted by MM and the immunomodulatory potential of novel anti-MM agents. A…

Light on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of bicuspid aortic valve to unveil phenotypic heterogeneity

2019

Research on bicuspid aortic valve disease (BAV) and related complications has grown in an exponential manner in the last decades. However, the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the development of this disease is still limited, since all clinical and surgical studies on BAV mainly focused their objects on its major vascular complications, such as ascending aortic aneurysms and dissection. It is now clear that a better understanding of the pivotal molecular and cellular pathophysiological aspects of bicuspid valve aortopathy, including natural history, phenotypic expression, histology, cellular mechanisms and pathways, is critical for improving its clinical management. This chang…

Molecular markers and endometrial cancer

2022

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Dissecting the clinical heterogeneity of adult-onset Still's disease, results from a multi-dimensional characterisation and stratification

2021

Abstract Objectives To stratify adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) patients in distinct clinical subsets to be differently managed, by using a multi-dimensional characterization. Methods AOSD patients were evaluated by using a hierarchical unsupervised cluster analysis comprising age, laboratory markers systemic score and outcomes. The squared Euclidean distances between each pair of patients were calculated and put into a distance matrix, which served as the input clustering algorithm. Derived clusters were descriptively analysed for any possible difference. Results Four AOSD patients clusters were identified. Disease onset in cluster 1 was characterized by fever (100%), skin rash (92%) an…

Innovations in Infant Feeding: Future Challenges and Opportunities in Obesity and Cardiometabolic Disease

2020

The field of nutrition in early life, as an effective tool to prevent and treat chronic diseases, has attracted a large amount of interest over recent years. The vital roles of food products and nutrients on the body’s molecular mechanisms have been demonstrated. The knowledge of the mechanisms and the possibility of controlling them via what we eat has opened up the field of precision nutrition, which aims to set dietary strategies in order to improve health with the greatest effectiveness. However, this objective is achieved only if the genetic profile of individuals and their living conditions are also considered. The relevance of this topic is strengthened considering the importance of …

Integrative Clinical Research

2022

This book embraces a comprehensive range of research across several disciplines, providing insights and fresh perspectives on clinical topics, emphasizing the integrative medical approach. The book also addresses an increasing role of artificial intelligence in the development of clinical methodologies, research, and patient-oriented care. The authors share expertise and experience in rehabilitation medicine whose healing-effects particularly depend on the interaction between the therapist and patient. Chapters present novel approaches in manual rehabilitative therapy of common painful and disabling neuromuscular ailments, exemplified but not limited to low back pain and migraine. The myofa…

The Value of Liquid Biopsies for Guiding Therapy Decisions in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

2019

Pharmacogenomics: A Step forward Precision Medicine in Childhood Asthma.

2022

Personalized medicine, an approach to care in which individual characteristics are used for targeting interventions and maximizing health outcomes, is rapidly becoming a reality for many diseases. Childhood asthma is a heterogeneous disease and many children have uncontrolled symptoms. Therefore, an individualized approach is needed for improving asthma outcomes in children. The rapidly evolving fields of genomics and pharmacogenomics may provide a way to achieve asthma control and reduce future risks in children with asthma. In particular, pharmacogenomics can provide tools for identifying novel molecular mechanisms and biomarkers to guide treatment. Emergent high-throughput technologies, …

Pharmacomicrobiomics: Exploiting the Drug-Microbiota Interactions in Antihypertensive Treatment

2022

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can reduce life expectancy. Owing to the widespread use of antihypertensive drugs, patients with hypertension have improved blood pressure control over the past few decades. However, for a considerable part of the population, these drugs still cannot significantly improve their symptoms. In order to explore the reasons behind, pharmacomicrobiomics provide unique insights into the drug treatment of hypertension by investigating the effect of bidirectional interaction between gut microbiota and antihypertensive drugs. This review discusses the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and the gut microbiome, including cha…

Effects of Oral Supplementation with Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol on Ovarian Functions in Female Long-Term Survivors of Lymphoma: Results from a…

2022

The progressive improvement of lymphoma treatment has led to an important prolongation of patient survival and life expectancy. The principal international scientific societies of oncology now therefore recommend that long-term survivors of lymphoma join fertility programs. Specifically, fertile-age patients should be assisted by a multidisciplinary team, including specialists dedicated to fertility preservation in oncology, in order to support the completion of their reproductive project. In the general population, the use of Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol (MI/DCI) has been demonstrated to be an effective choice to treat ovarian dysfunctions, with a consequent improvement in reproductiv…