Search results for "Predictive value of test"
showing 10 items of 854 documents
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: Technical Advances and Clinical Applications
2010
Since its introduction in 2004, confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) has emerged as a valuable tool for gastrointestinal endoscopic imaging. Endomicroscopy enables the endoscopist to obtain real time in vivo histology during ongoing endoscopy thereby creating “optical biopsies.” To date, numerous studies have shown potential applications of endomicroscopy in the clinical setting, including in vivo diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, Barrett’s esophagus, celiac disease, and colonic polyps. Moreover, recent data suggest the potential application of endomicroscopy in the field of molecular imaging. Additionally, in recent months new applications and developments in the field of con…
Nonceliac gluten sensitivity.
2014
During the past decade there has been an impressive increase in popularity of the gluten-free diet (GFD)—now the most trendy alimentary habit in the United States and other countries. According to recent surveys, as many as 100 million Americans will consume gluten-free products within a year. Operating under the concept that the GFD benefits only individuals with celiac disease, health care professionals have struggled to separate the wheat from the chaff; there are claims that eliminating gluten from the diet increases health and helps with weight loss, or even that gluten can be harmful to every human being. However, apart from unfounded trends, a disorder related to ingestion of gluten …
Minimal Lesions of the Small Intestinal Mucosa: More than Morphology
2020
Minimal lesions of the small bowel are mucosal changes characterized by an increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (with or without crypt hyperplasia) and normal villous architecture. Such changes are associated with a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from food intolerances to infections, and from drugs to immune diseases, with different clinical profiles and manifestations, which complicates the formulation of a differential diagnosis. Patient history, symptom evaluation, and histopathology are the diagnostic features needed to establish a correct diagnosis. Physicians should assist pathologists in formulating a precise morphological evaluation by taking well-oriented small int…
Newborn screening of inherited metabolic disorders by tandem mass spectrometry: past, present and future
2013
Inborn errors of metabolism are inherited biochemical disorders caused by lack of a functional enzyme, transmembrane transporter, or similar protein, which then results in blockage of the corresponding metabolic pathway. Taken individually, inborn errors of metabolism are rare. However, as a group these diseases are relatively frequent and they may account for most of neonatal mortality and need of health resources. The detection of genetic metabolic disorders should occur in a pre-symptomatic phase. Recently, the introduction of the tandem mass spectrometric methods for metabolite analysis has changed our ability to detect intermediates of metabolism in smaller samples and provides the mea…
El conjunto mínimo básico de datos al alta hospitalaria como fuente de información para el estudio de las anomalías congénitas
1999
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is that of assessing the validity of the computerized diagnoses of hospital discharges of congenital defects by comparing them with the information included in the medical history. MEANS AND METHODS: Based on the discharge records generated over a one-year period at 7 hospitals in the Autonomous Region of Valencia, 100 children were selected at random from each hospital. As a standard, the diagnoses stated in the medical histories were indexed and coded. Solely those discharges having taken place during the first year of life were considered. A study was also made of the type, seriousness and individual or combinations of congenital defects. A calculation …
Long-term prediction of birth weight
1993
On the basis of the hypothesis that undisturbed individual growth in fetal life keeps a constant proportional difference with the standard population 50th percentile, birth weight can be predicted with a single sonographic exploration after the 16th week of pregnancy. Data on 135 singleton pregnancies with accurate dates and delivery at term were used. Sonography was performed between the 17th and 36th weeks of pregnancy, in every case at least 4 weeks before delivery. The observed measurements of BPD, FL, and AC were used for the prediction of their values on the day of delivery, applying the Hadlock equation for the estimation of birth weight. The mean error of birth weight predictions wa…
The effect of gestational age and cervical length measurements in the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in twin pregnancies : an individual pat…
2016
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of gestational age (GA) and cervical length (CL) measurements at transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) in the prediction of preterm birth in twin pregnancy. DESIGN: Individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis. SETTING: International multicentre study. POPULATION: Asymptomatic twin pregnancy. METHODS: MEDLINE and EMBASE searches were performed and IPD obtained from authors of relevant studies. Multinomial logistic regression analysis determined probabilities for birth at ≤28(+0) , 28(+1) to 32(+0) , 32(+1) to 36(+0) , and ≥36(+1) weeks as a function of GA at screening and CL measurements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Predicted probabilities for preterm birth at ≤28(+0) , 2…
Zirkadiane Blutdruckrhythmik bei der Präeklampsie: Ein Prädiktor für die maternale und geburtshilfliche Situation?
2003
Background Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-induced multiorganic disease. The incidence is 5 - 7 % in all pregnant women. To assess the value of circadian blood pressure rhythm in preeclamptic women, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring might be useful. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of circadian blood pressure rhythm for the maternal and obstetrical outcome in patients with mild preeclampsia. Patients and methods Sixty-six patients with mild preeclampsia underwent 24-hour blood pressure monitoring between 29 and 39 weeks gestation. Twenty-eight patients with normal circadian blood pressure rhythm were compared with thirty-eight patients with suspended circadian blo…
Additive effect of factors related to assisted conception on the reduction of maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A concentrations and…
2013
Objective To analyze whether assisted conceptions need adjustments in first-trimester Down syndrome screening and why modifications in screening markers occur. Design Eleven-year cohort retrospective analysis. Setting Maternal-fetal medicine unit. Patient(s) Two thousand eleven naturally conceived normal singleton pregnancies and 2,042 normal singleton pregnancies achieved with assisted conception: 350 by IUI and 1,692 with IVF (n = 328) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI; n=1,364), using nondonor (n = 1,086) or donated ova (n = 606), with fresh (n = 1,432) or frozen (n = 260) embryos. Intervention(s) Comparison of ultrasound and biochemical markers of first-trimester Down syndrome s…
Predictors for clinically relevant Gleason score upgrade in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy
2011
Study Type – Diagnostic (exploratory cohort) Level of Evidence 2b What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Clinically relevant GSU in the prostatectomy specimen is a common phenomenon. Clinically relevant GSU occurs in one of three patients with clinically ‘very’ low-risk PCa, and a low number of biopsy cores is the key negative predictor. OBJECTIVE • To evaluate clinical predictors for Gleason score upgrade (GSU) in radical prostatectomy (RP) specimen, especially in patients with ‘very’ low risk PCA (T1c and biopsy Gleason score ≤6 and PSA <10 ng/ml and ≤2 positive biopsy cores and PSA density <0.15). Patients and Methods • 402 consecutive patients undergoing RP between 20…