Search results for "Pressure"

showing 10 items of 4493 documents

Non-equilibrium melting of colloidal crystals in confinement

2009

International audience; We report on a novel and flexible experiment to investigate the non-equilibrium melting behaviour of model crystals made from charged colloidal spheres. In a slit geometry polycrystalline material formed in a low salt region is driven by hydrostatic pressure up an evolving gradient in salt concentration and melts at large salt concentration. Depending on particle and initial salt concentration, driving velocity and the local salt concentration complex morphologic evolution is observed. Crystal-melt interface positions and the melting velocity are obtained quantitatively from time resolved Bragg- and polarization microscopic measurements. A simple theoretical model pr…

Materials scienceMechanical equilibriumHydrostatic pressureFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterColloidal crystal010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionShear (sheet metal)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterChemical physicslawCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesPhysical SciencesRelaxation (physics)ParticleSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Crystallite010306 general physicsPolarization (electrochemistry)
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Drying and Compression under Confining Pressure Effects on Structural Rearrangement of Wood

1996

Materials scienceMechanics of MaterialsMechanical EngineeringGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialCondensed Matter PhysicsCompression (physics)AnisotropyOverburden pressureNihon Reoroji Gakkaishi(Journal of the Society of Rheology, Japan)
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Regional blood flow in deep structures of the brain measured in acute cat experiments by means of a new beta-sensitive semiconductor needle detector.

1967

Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by means of isotope clearance with a new type of solid state beta-sensitive needle detector (diameter 0.9 mm) introduced into the brain tissue in acute cat experiments. The flow values obtained within the cortex were compared with values recorded above the same cortical region with the same needle detector, or with a small GM-tube. The insertion of the needle detector into the brain tissue gave rise to injury (checked histologically) which deformed the clearance curves in a manner suggesting that the normal circulation had been destroyed within the tissue from which the measurements were made.

Materials scienceMetabolic Clearance RateSolid-stateBlood PressureBrain EdemaCortex (anatomy)medicineAnimalsBeta (finance)Cerebral CortexRadioisotopesIsotopebusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceDetectorKryptonBlood flowSemiconductormedicine.anatomical_structureCerebral blood flowSemiconductorsRegional Blood FlowCerebrovascular CirculationCatsbusinessNuclear medicineBlood Flow VelocityBiomedical engineeringExperimental brain research
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Dense nanostructured materials obtained by spark plasma sintering and field activated pressure assisted synthesis starting from mechanically activate…

2004

The preparation of highly dense bulk materials with a grain size in the range of a few to a few hundreds nanometers is currently the objective of numerous studies. In our research we have achieved a measure of success in this regard by using the methods of mechanically-activated, field-activated, pressure-assisted synthesis, MAFAPAS, which has been patented, and mechanically-activated spark plasma sintering, MASPS. Both methods, which consist of the combination of a mechanical activation step followed by a consolidation step under the simultaneous influence of an electric field and mechanical pressure, have led to the formation of dense nanostructured ceramics, intermetallics, and composite…

Materials scienceMetallurgyMetals and AlloysIntermetallicSpark plasma sinteringSinteringFEALlcsh:Chemical technologyCondensed Matter PhysicsGrain sizemechanical activationChemical engineeringElectric fieldvisual_artMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumlcsh:TP1-1185Nanometrefield activationCeramicpressure assisted synthesisspark plasma sinteringScience of Sintering
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On the thermal-hydraulic performances of the DEMO divertor cassette body cooling circuit equipped with a liner

2020

Abstract In the framework of the Work Package DIV 1 - “Divertor Cassette Design and Integration” of the EUROfusion action, a research campaign has been jointly carried out by University of Palermo and ENEA to investigate the steady-state thermal-hydraulic performances of the DEMO divertor cassette cooling system. The research activity has been focussed onto the most recent design of the Cassette Body (CB) cooling circuit, consistent with the DEMO baseline 2017 and equipped with a liner, whose main function is to protect the underlying vacuum pump CB opening from plasma radiation. The research campaign has been carried out following a theoretical-computational approach based on the finite vo…

Materials scienceNuclear engineeringComputational fluid dynamics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionThermal hydraulicsDivertorlaw0103 physical sciencesWater coolingGeneral Materials ScienceTotal pressure010306 general physicsDEMOSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFinite volume methodThermofluid-dynamicsCassette bodybusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringDivertorCoolantNuclear Energy and EngineeringVacuum pumpbusinessCFD analysisFusion Engineering and Design
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Thermal-hydraulic optimisation of the DEMO divertor cassette body cooling circuit equipped with a liner

2019

Abstract Within the framework of the Work Package DIV 1 - “Divertor Cassette Design and Integration” of the EUROfusion action, a research campaign has been jointly carried out by University of Palermo and ENEA to investigate the thermal-hydraulic performances of the DEMO divertor cassette cooling system. The research activity has been focused onto the most recent design of the Cassette Body (CB) cooling circuit equipped with a Liner, whose main function is to protect the underlying vacuum pump hole from the radiation arising from the plasma. The research campaign has been carried out following a theoretical-computational approach based on the Finite Volume Method and adopting the commercial…

Materials scienceNuclear engineeringThermofluid-dynamic7. Clean energy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionThermal hydraulicsDivertorlaw0103 physical sciencesMass flow rateWater coolingGeneral Materials ScienceCFD analysi010306 general physicsDEMOSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringPressure dropThermofluid-dynamicsCassette bodyMechanical EngineeringDivertorCoolantNuclear Energy and EngineeringFlow velocityVacuum pumpFusion Engineering and Design
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Deformation analysis of ATHENA test filters made of plastic thin films supported by a mesh under differential static pressure

2019

Within ESA Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Science Program, ATHENA was selected to be a Large-class high energy astrophysics space mission. The observatory will be equipped with two interchangeable focal plane detectors named X-Ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) and Wide Field Imager (WFI). In order to optimally exploit the detector sensitivity, X-ray transparent filters are required. Such filters need to be extremely thin to maximize the X-ray transparency, that is, no more than a few tens of nm, still they must be able to sustain the severe stresses experienced during launch. Partially representative test filters were made with a thin polypropylene film, coated with Ti, and supported by a thin highl…

Materials scienceOptical Profilometry Stress Analysis FEA XRay ATHENA X-IFUNumerical analysisDetectorMechanical engineeringStatic pressureDeformation (meteorology)01 natural sciencesFinite element method010309 opticsSettore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di MacchineFilter (large eddy simulation)Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaCardinal point0103 physical sciencesThin film010306 general physics2019 IEEE 5th International Workshop on Metrology for AeroSpace (MetroAeroSpace)
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Erratum: “Enhanced acoustic pressure sensors based on coherent perfect absorber-laser effect” [J. Appl. Phys. 129, 104902 (2021)]

2021

Materials scienceOpticsbusiness.industrylawGeneral Physics and AstronomyCoherent perfect absorberbusinessSound pressureLaserlaw.inventionJournal of Applied Physics
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Ultrasound-assisted bleaching: Mathematical and 3D computational fluid dynamics simulation of ultrasound parameters on microbubble formation and cavi…

2019

Abstract The implementation of ultrasound-assisted bleaching (UAB) is gaining interest in commercial oil refining, as an alternative to the current bleaching procedure (BP), because this technique has several advantages compared to the conventional BP. The mathematical and 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the influence of ultrasound power, frequency and temperature for predicting microbubble formation and heat transfer in the ultrasonic treatment of soybean oil was assessed in order to optimize the UAB process. The fluctuation frequency and wave speed showed opposite effects on system response to the imposed pressure pulse. As the bubble radius shrinks to zero (after bubb…

Materials scienceOscillationBubbleInternal pressureGeneral ChemistryRadiusMechanicsIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCavitationHeat transferUltrasonic sensorCurrent (fluid)Food ScienceInnovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
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Membrane Stiffness of Animal Cells Challenged by Osmotic Stress

2006

Materials scienceOsmotic shockMembrane FluidityYoung's modulusMicroscopy Atomic ForceCell LineBiomaterialssymbols.namesakeDogsOsmotic PressureMicroscopymedicineAnimalsOsmotic pressureGeneral Materials ScienceCell mechanicsAtomic force microscopyCell MembraneStiffnessGeneral ChemistryCell biologyMembranesymbolsBiophysicsmedicine.symptomBiotechnologySmall
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