Search results for "Pressure"

showing 10 items of 4493 documents

Online measurement of floc size, viscosity, and consistency of cellulose microfibril suspensions with optical coherence tomography

2021

AbstractIn this study, cellulose microfibril (CMF) suspensions were imaged during pipe flow at consistencies of 0.4%, 1.0%, and 1.6% with optical coherence tomography (OCT) to obtain images of the structure and the local velocity of the suspension. The viscosities obtained by combining pressure loss measurement with the OCT velocity data showed typical shear thinning behavior and were in excellent agreement with viscosities obtained with ultrasound velocity profiling. The structural OCT images were used to calculate the radial and the axial floc sizes of the suspension. A fit of power law to the geometrical floc size–shear stress data gave the same power law index for all consistencies, sug…

Materials sciencePolymers and Plasticsselluloosa02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 opticsViscositysuspensiotConsistency (statistics)flocculationreologia0103 physical sciencesShear stressCMFComposite materialSuspension (vehicle)Pressure dropShear thinningoptical coherence tomographyconsistencymikrokuidutviskositeettioptinen koherenssitomografia021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyfloc sizeCellulose microfibrilcellulose microfibrilsOCTAttenuation coefficientviscosityrheology0210 nano-technology
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Review of acoustic methods for space charge measurement

2015

In the last decade, due to the increased use of direct current, the space charge accumulation phenomenon has reached more interest. In this regard, several non-destructive measurement systems were used. In particular, for solid dielectrics, the acoustic methods have had greater success. This review presents a brief historical evolution of the Pulse Electro- Acoustic (PEA) method, describing the working operation, the thicknesses analyzed and the spatial resolution for the different configurations of the PEA cell. The Pressure Wave Propagation (PWP) method in both configurations Piezo-PWP and Laser Induced Pressure Pulse (LIPP) is also described.

Materials sciencePressure Wave Propagation methodSystem of measurementAcousticsDirect currentDielectricLaser Induced Pressure Pulse methodSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciSpace chargeTemperature measurementSpace chargePulse Electro- AcousticPulse (physics)PIPWPSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaElectronic engineeringacoustic methodPressure wave propagationPiezo-PWPImage resolution
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High power impulse magnetron sputtering of Zn/Al target in an Ar and Ar/O2 atmosphere: The study of sputtering process and AZO films

2019

Financial support provided by Scientific Research Project for Students and Young Researchers Nr. SJZ/2017/4 realised at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia is greatly acknowledged.

Materials scienceReactive sputteringAnalytical chemistryAl (AZO) films [ZnO]02 engineering and technology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSputteringElectrical resistivity and conductivity0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryTransmittance:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Thin filmPower density010302 applied physicsPulse durationHiPIMSSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryPartial pressure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsSustained self-sputteringHigh-power impulse magnetron sputtering0210 nano-technologyRoom temperature depositionSurface and Coatings Technology
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Using the simplified falling head technique to detect temporal changes in field-saturated hydraulic conductivity at the surface of a sandy loam soil

2007

Abstract Determining temporal changes in field-saturated hydraulic conductivity ( K fs ) is important for understanding and modeling hydrological phenomena at the field scale. Little is known about temporal variability of K fs values measured at permanent sampling points. In this investigation, the simplified falling head (SFH) technique was used for an approximately 2-year period to determine temporal changes in K fs at 11 permanent sampling points established at the surface of a sandy loam soil. Additional K fs measurements were obtained by the single-ring pressure infiltrometer (PI) technique to also compare the SFH and PI techniques. The lowest mean values of K fs , M ( K fs ), were det…

Materials scienceRepeated samplingHydrostatic pressureAnalytical chemistrySoil ScienceMineralogyTemporal variabilitySaturated hydraulic conductivityHydraulic conductivityDry soilLoamMeasurement techniquesSoil waterSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliInfiltrometerAgronomy and Crop ScienceEarth-Surface Processes
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Intrinsic mechanisms limiting the use of carbon fiber composite pressure vessels

2016

International audience; The viscoelastic properties of the resins used in carbon fiber composite pressure vessels introduce time effects which allow damage processes to develop during use under load. A detailed understanding of these processes has been achieved through both experimental and theoretical studies on flat unidirectional specimens and with comparisons with the behavior of pressure vessels. Under steady pressures, the relaxation of the resin in the vicinity of earlier fiber breaks gradually increases the sustained stress in neighboring intact fibers and some eventually break. The rate of fiber failure has been modeled based only on physical criteria and shown to accurately predic…

Materials scienceSafety factorMechanical EngineeringComposite number[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPressure vesselViscoelasticityStress (mechanics)Carbon fiber compositeMechanics of Materials0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Relaxation (physics)FiberComposite material010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySafety Risk Reliability and Quality
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A dilatometric study of the Lao.8Sr0.2MnO3 sintering behaviour

1997

Abstract The sintering behaviour of La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 has been studied by dilatometry between 1100 and 1800 K in various oxygen potentials [pure oxygen, air and nitrogen (PO2 = 1 × 10−5 bar)]. The starting material was prepared by spray pyrolysis of aqueous solutions of nitrates. Two classical sinter stages, neck formation and grain growth respectively, were evidenced from dilatometric curves and this result was corroborated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The rate of densification was found to be directly dependent on oxygen partial pressure, the best conditions being in nitrogen. These results are discussed in terms of vacancy diffusion and oxygen …

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeDiffusionAnalytical chemistrySinteringchemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyGeneral ChemistryPartial pressureCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygenGrain growthchemistryVacancy defectGeneral Materials ScienceBar (unit)Solid State Ionics
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Reversible stress softening of collagen based networks from the jumbo squid mantle (Dosidicus gigas).

2014

Dosidicus gigas is the largest and one of the most abundant jumbo squids in the eastern Pacific Ocean. In this paper we have studied the muscle of the mantle of D. gigas (DGM). Morphological, thermal and rheological properties were assessed by means of atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry and oscillatory rheometry. This study allowed us to assess the morphological and rheological properties of a collagen based network occurring in nature. The results showed that the DGM network displays a nonlinear effect called reversible stress softening (RSS) that has been previously described for …

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeHydrostatic pressureBioengineeringBiomaterialsDifferential scanning calorimetryRheologyElastic ModulusHydrostatic PressureAnimalsSpectroscopySofteningRheometryMusclesDecapodiformesTemperatureWaterReversible stress softeningJumbo squidActinsThermogravimetryCrystallographyMechanics of MaterialsChemical physicsCollagenRheologyMaterials scienceengineering. C, Materials for biological applications
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PPG embedded system for blood pressure monitoring

2014

In this work, we have designed and implemented a microcontroller-based embedded system for blood pressure monitoring through a PhotoPlethysmoGraphic (PPG) technique. In our system, it is possible to perform PPG measurements via reflectance mode. Hardware novelty of our system consists in the adoption of Silicon PhotoMultiplier detectors. The signal received from the photodetector is used to calculate the instantaneous heart rate and therefore the heart rate variability. The obtained results show that, by using our system, it is possible to easily extract both the PPG and the breath signal. These signals can be used to monitor the patients during the convalescence both in hospital and at hom…

Materials scienceSettore INF/01 - InformaticaPhotoPlethysmoGraphybusiness.industryDetectorPhotodetectorSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiSignalReflectivitySilicon PhotoMultiplierembedded systemMicrocontrollerSilicon photomultipliersensorEmbedded systemHeart rate variabilityBlood pressure monitoringsense organsbusinessComputer hardware2014 AEIT Annual Conference - From Research to Industry: The Need for a More Effective Technology Transfer (AEIT)
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A Simulation Study Assessing the Viability of Shifting the Location of Peak In-Cylinder Pressure in Motored Experiments

2020

Hybrid powertrains utilize an engine to benefit from the power density of the liquid fuel to extend the range of the vehicle. On the other hand, the electric machine is used for; transient operation, for very low loads and where legislation prohibits any gaseous and particulate emissions. Consequently, the operating points of an engine nowadays shifted from its conventional, broad range of speed and load to a narrower operating range of high thermal efficiency. This requires a departure from conventional engine architecture, meaning that analytical models used to predict the behavior of the engines early in the design cycle are no longer always applicable. Friction models are an example of …

Materials scienceSettore ING-IND/08 - Macchine A FluidoEngine efficiencyFMEP determinationinternal combustion engineFriction modelMechanicsFuel injectionCylinder pressure
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Activity monitoring of a gaseous tritium source by beta induced X-ray spectrometry

2013

Abstract For monitoring and control of gaseous tritium sources in fuel circulation systems of fusion reactors beta induced X-ray spectrometry (BIXS) seems to be an applicable method. The characteristics of a BIXS monitoring setup built at TLK were examined. A low-noise silicon drift detector (SDD) was used together with two thin beryllium windows evaporated with gold films of 100 nm for efficient X-ray production. The measured X-ray intensity was proportional to the tritium partial pressure and the average detection efficiency was evaluated as 32.6 × 10−8 cps/Bq. A tritium memory effect was revealed. From the results it was concluded that such a monitoring system would be a useful complemen…

Materials scienceSilicon drift detectorSiliconMechanical EngineeringRadiochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPartial pressureFusion powerMass spectrometryNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryBeta (plasma physics)General Materials ScienceTritiumBerylliumCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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