Search results for "Prevention."
showing 10 items of 1632 documents
Changing driver behavior during floods: Testing a novel e-health intervention using implementation imagery
2021
Abstract We tested the efficacy of a novel implementation imagery intervention (N = 460) in promoting safer intentions regarding driving into floodwater post-intervention, and at a four-week follow-up using a pre-registered randomized controlled design. Results showed that the intervention reduced intentions and subjective norms regarding driving into floodwater. The control condition also improved on intentions and subjective norms, but the changes appeared to only be maintained at the follow-up for the intervention group and the between group difference at the follow-up was not significant based on our pre-specified cutoff level for statistical significance of 0.01. Results also indicated…
Evidenz für eine frühzeitige Therapie der COPD mit Tiotropium
2012
Hintergrund: Die Wirksamkeit von Tiotropium versus Kontrolle wurde in einer praspezifizierten Subgruppenanalyse der 4-Jahres-Studie „Understanding Potential Long-term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium“ bei Patienten mit chronisch obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung (COPD) mittleren Schweregrades (GOLD II) untersucht und erstmals den gepoolten Ergebnissen aus den schwereren Krankheitsstadien (GOLD III/IV) gegenubergestellt. Methode: Randomisierte multizentrische, doppelblinde, kontrollierte Studie mit parallelem Gruppenvergleich bei 5993 Patienten uber 4 Jahre. Die Patienten erhielten entweder Tiotropium 18 µg einmal taglich oder Plazebo. Als Endpunkte wurden der jahrliche FEV1-Abfall und weiter…
European Respiratory Society statement on sleep apnoea, sleepiness and driving risk
2021
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is highly prevalent and is a recognised risk factor for motor vehicle accidents (MVA). Effective treatment with continuous positive airway pressure has been associated with a normalisation of this increased accident risk. Thus, many jurisdictions have introduced regulations restricting the ability of OSA patients from driving until effectively treated. However, uncertainty prevails regarding the relative importance of OSA severity determined by the apnoea–hypopnoea frequency per hour and the degree of sleepiness in determining accident risk. Furthermore, the identification of subjects at risk of OSA and/or accident risk remains elusive. The introduction of off…
Protocol for the EARCO Registry
2020
Rationale and objectives Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic condition that leads to an increased risk of emphysema and liver disease. Despite extensive investigation, there remain unanswered questions concerning the natural history, pathophysiology, genetics and the prognosis of the lung disease in association with AATD. The European Alpha-1 Clinical Research Collaboration (EARCO) is designed to bring together researchers from European countries and to create a standardised database for the follow-up of patients with AATD. Study design and population The EARCO Registry is a non-interventional, multicentre, pan-European, longitudinal observational cohort study enrolling patie…
Escala de desarrollo armónico (EDA): Una propuesta para la evaluación clínica del desarrollo infantil desde la Teoría de Sistemas
2020
Los profesionales de las ciencias de la salud y de la educación necesitan herramientas adecuadas para llevar a cabo la prevención de los trastornos del desarrollo infantil. La Escala de Desarrollo Armónico –EDA–, se presenta como una propuesta que permite la coordinación interdisciplinaria y la colaboración de los educadores. La escala se ha construido para observar el ascenso del paisaje epigenético individual desde el paradigma de los sistemas dinámicos. Para lograrlo, se han estudiado parámetros que pueden explicar la evolución del sistema –índice de armonía y cociente de desarrollo estable–, un mecanismo del cambio –tirón cognitivo– y fuerzas moldeadoras –velocidad y cristalización–, si…
Phytochemical Indicaxanthin Inhibits Colon Cancer Cell Growth and Affects the DNA Methylation Status by Influencing Epigenetically Modifying Enzyme E…
2015
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Recently, we have shown anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of indicaxanthin associated with epigenetic modulation of the onco-suppressor <i>p16</i><sup><i>INK4a</i></sup> in the human colon cancer cell line CACO2. In the present study, the epigenetic activity of indicaxanthin and the mechanisms involved were further investigated in other colorectal cancer cell lines. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> LOVO1, CACO2, HT29, HCT116, and DLD1 cells were used to evaluate the potential influence of consistent dietary concentrations of indicaxanthin on DNA methylation, and the epigenetic mech…
Low physical activity and its association with diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors: a nationwide, population-based study
2016
Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM; ISCIII Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion); Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; Spanish Diabetes Society (SED)
Cancer prevention with aspirin in hereditary colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome), 10-year follow-up and registry-based 20-year data in the CAPP2 study…
2020
BACKGROUND: Lynch syndrome is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and with a broader spectrum of cancers, especially endometrial cancer. In 2011, our group reported long-term cancer outcomes (mean follow-up 55·7 months [SD 31·4]) for participants with Lynch syndrome enrolled into a randomised trial of daily aspirin versus placebo. This report completes the planned 10-year follow-up to allow a longer-term assessment of the effect of taking regular aspirin in this high-risk population.METHODS: In the double-blind, randomised CAPP2 trial, 861 patients from 43 international centres worldwide (707 [82%] from Europe, 112 [13%] from Australasia, 38 [4%] from Africa, and four [&l…
Global (pharmacological and non pharmacological) prevention of RSV infection
2012
Second-Generation Muslim Youth Between Perception and Change: A Case Study on the Prevention of Radicalization
2020
The following article presents the results of a research-action and an online communication campaign on the prevention of radicalization of second-generation young Italian Muslims as a part of a project called “Oltre” (the Italian acronym means “Beyond”) financed by European Union. After a short presentation of the four steps of the prevention communication model PKIC, a deepening on the radicalization factors, and a focus on the research-action methodology, the results of the research on some fundamental issues like the relationship with family and the relation with media and social media of the young interviewees, are shown. Finally, in the last part of the article, the interventions carr…